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The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María)
The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María)

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María) is here in full — 156 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María)
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HUSBAND OR SOUL.
The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.
The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.
Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.
Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María)

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María) is here in full — 156 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HUSBAND OR SOUL.
/ˈhʌzbənd ɔːr soʊl/
Line 2
The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.
Line 3
The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.
/ðə ˈkrɪstʃən ˈvɜːrtʃuːz ˈflɜːrɪʃt ɪn hɜːr laɪk ˈmɪstɪkəl ˈroʊzɪz riˈpliːt wɪð ˈfreɪɡrəns ənd wɪð ðə ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəns ənd ˈɑːrdər wɪtʃ ˈkerəktəraɪzd ɔːl hɜːr ˈækʃənz ʃiː kənˈtɪnjuːd tuː maʊnt wʌn baɪ wʌn ðə raʊndz ɑːn ðə ˈlædər ʌv pərˈfekʃən ˈliːdɪŋ tuː ˈhevən/
Line 4
Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.
Line 5
Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ardor noun US /ˈɑːrdər/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading “The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.”

characterized verb US /ˈkerəktəraɪzd/

past form of “characterize” — describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of

From this reading “The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.”

copiously adverb US /ˈkoʊpjəsli/

in an abundant manner

From this reading “The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.”

edifying adjective US /ˈedəfaɪɪŋ/

enlightening or uplifting so as to encourage intellectual or moral improvement

From this reading “Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.”

fasts noun US /fæsts/

plural of “fast” — abstaining from food

From this reading “Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.”

mystical adjective US /ˈmɪstɪkəl/

relating to or characteristic of mysticism

From this reading “The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.”

replete adjective US /riˈpliːt/

filled to satisfaction with food or drink

From this reading “The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.”

weakening noun US /ˈwiːkənɪŋ/

becoming weaker

From this reading “Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

eldest daughter adjective + noun

In this reading “The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.”

whole town adjective + noun

In this reading “Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.”

lived near verb + particle counted as “live near”

In this reading “Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.”

with astonishment preposition + noun

In this reading “Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

actionsnounUS /ˈækʃənz/

plural of “action” — something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

ardornounUS /ˈɑːrdər/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

astonishmentnounUS /əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/

the feeling that accompanies something extremely surprising

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

bruited

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

characterizedverbUS /ˈkerəktəraɪzd/

past form of “characterize” — describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

charitynounUS /ˈtʃerɪti/

a foundation created to promote the public good (not for assistance to any particular individuals)

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

clergynounUS /ˈklɜːrdʒi/

in Christianity, clergymen collectively (as distinguished from the laity)

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

conversationnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/

the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

copiouslyadverbUS /ˈkoʊpjəsli/

in an abundant manner

From this reading The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.

deedsnounUS /diːdz/

performance of moral or religious acts

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

dewnounUS /duː/

water that has condensed on a cool surface overnight from water vapor in the air

From this reading The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.

edifyingadjectiveUS /ˈedəfaɪɪŋ/

enlightening or uplifting so as to encourage intellectual or moral improvement

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

eldestadjectiveUS /ˈeldəst/

first in order of birth

From this reading The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.

Elorzas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.

enthusiasmnounUS /ɪnˈθuːziæzəm/

a feeling of excitement

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.

fastsnounUS /fæsts/

plural of “fast” — abstaining from food

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

flourishedverbUS /ˈflɜːrɪʃt/

past form of “flourish” — grow vigorously

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

fragrancenounUS /ˈfreɪɡrəns/

a distinctive odor that is pleasant

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

frequentverbUS /ˈfriːkwənt/

do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

gracenounUS /ɡreɪs/

(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.

growingnounUS /ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

healthnounUS /helθ/

a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

heavennounUS /ˈhevən/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

humilitynounUS /hjuːˈmɪlɪti/

a disposition to be humble; a lack of false pride

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

HUSBANDnounUS /ˈhʌzbənd/

a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading HUSBAND OR SOUL.

impatiencenounUS /ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəns/

a lack of patience; irritation with anything that causes delay

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

increasedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːst/

made greater in size or amount or degree

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

joynounUS /dʒɔɪ/

the emotion of great happiness

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.

laddernounUS /ˈlædər/

steps consisting of two parallel members connected by rungs; for climbing up or down

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

mountverbUS /maʊnt/

attach to a support

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

mysticaladjectiveUS /ˈmɪstɪkəl/

relating to or characteristic of mysticism

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

naturallyadverbUS /ˈnætʃərəli/

as might be expected

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

ORconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading HUSBAND OR SOUL.

penances

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

perfectionnounUS /pərˈfekʃən/

the state of being without a flaw or defect

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

repleteadjectiveUS /riˈpliːt/

filled to satisfaction with food or drink

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

rosesnounUS /ˈroʊzɪz/

plural of “rose” — any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

roundsnounUS /raʊndz/

plural of “round” — a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

seraphicadjective

of or relating to an angel of the first order

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

servingnounUS /ˈsɜːrvɪŋ/

an individual quantity of food or drink taken as part of a meal

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

severeadjectiveUS /səˈvɪr/

intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

SOULnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading HUSBAND OR SOUL.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The dew of grace kept falling copiously on the soul of the eldest daughter of the Elorzas.

themenounUS /θiːm/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

virtuesnounUS /ˈvɜːrtʃuːz/

plural of “virtue” — the quality of doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

weakeningnounUS /ˈwiːkənɪŋ/

becoming weaker

From this reading Her fasts and penances, always growing more frequent and severe, increased the enthusiasm and seraphic joy of her soul; but at last they had a naturally weakening effect upon her health.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Christian virtues flourished in her like mystical roses replete with fragrance, and with the impatience and ardor which characterized all her actions, she continued to mount one by one the rounds on the ladder of perfection leading to heaven.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Her deeds of charity and humility not only filled those who lived near her with astonishment, but were bruited about the whole town, serving as an edifying example for young and old, and as a theme of conversation among the clergy.

Chapter 8 of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María) by Armando Palacio Valdés holds 156 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María) contain?

Chapter 8 holds 156 sentences of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María), unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María) by Armando Palacio Valdés exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 156 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María)?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María)

Common questions about reading The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María) by Armando Palacio Valdés on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María)?

Yes. All 4638 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37969 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37969, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María) take to read?

About 386 minutes of reading across 928 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María) section by section

How to work through The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María)

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Armando
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Palacio
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nathan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Haskell
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Marquis of Peñalta (Marta y María); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.