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The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II)
The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II)

Chapter VIII · A College Competitor

Chapter VIII of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II), “A College Competitor,” is here in full — 165 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II)
Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.
One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.
This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the Silent Sister.”
Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.
His son had very early given proof of superior capacity.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II)

Chapter VIII · A College Competitor

Chapter VIII of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II), “A College Competitor,” is here in full — 165 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.
Line 2
One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.
Line 3
This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in theSilent Sister.”
Line 4
Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.
/ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ˈaɪrɪʃ baɪ bɜːrθ ənd kəˈnektɪd wɪð ˈaɪərlənd baɪ taɪz ʌv ˈfæməli ənd ˈfɔːrtʃən hiː hæd pæst ɔːl hɪz laɪf ɪn ˈɪŋɡlənd hɪz ˈfɑːðər ˈhævɪŋ rɪˈperd tuː ðæt ˈkʌntri ˈæftər ðə ˈjuːnjən ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ ðə ˈbærən ˈɑːnər ʌv ə siːt fɔːr æn ˈaɪrɪʃ ˈbɜːroʊ fɔːr ə snʌɡ ˈtreʒəri əˈpɔɪntmənt/
Line 5
His son had very early given proof of superior capacity.
/hɪz sʌn hæd ˈveri ˈɜːrli ˈɡɪvən pruːf ʌv suːˈpɪriər kəˈpæsəti/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

avow verb US /əˈvaʊ/

to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true

From this reading “One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.”

borough noun US /ˈbɜːroʊ/

one of the administrative divisions of a large city

From this reading “Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.”

candor noun US /ˈkændər/

ability to make judgments free from discrimination or dishonesty

From this reading “One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.”

competitors noun US /kəmˈpetətərz/

plural of “competitor” — the contestant you hope to defeat

From this reading “Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.”

distanced verb US /ˈdɪstənst/

past form of “distance” — keep at a distance

From this reading “Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.”

equals noun US /ˈiːkwəlz/

plural of “equal” — a person who is of equal standing with another in a group

From this reading “Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.”

exchanging verb US /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “exchange” — give to, and receive from, one another

From this reading “Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.”

Treasury noun US /ˈtreʒəri/

the funds of a government or institution or individual

From this reading “Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

young fellow adjective + noun

In this reading “This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.””

given proof adjective + noun

In this reading “His son had very early given proof of superior capacity.”

by birth preposition + noun

In this reading “Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.”

come over verb + particle

communicate the intended meaning or impression

In this reading “This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.””

good family adjective + noun

In this reading “This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.””

equals in verb + particle counted as “equal in”

In this reading “Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

abilitynounUS /əˈbɪlətiː/

the quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

affectedadjectiveUS /əˈfektɪd/

acted upon; influenced

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

AlthoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

appointmentnounUS /əˈpɔɪntmənt/

the act of putting a person into a non-elective position

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

authoritynounUS /əˈθɔːrəti/

the power or right to give orders or make decisions

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

avowverbUS /əˈvaʊ/

to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

barrenadjectiveUS /ˈbærən/

providing no shelter or sustenance

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

boroughnounUS /ˈbɜːroʊ/

one of the administrative divisions of a large city

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

CambridgenounUS /ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ/

a university in England

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

candornounUS /ˈkændər/

ability to make judgments free from discrimination or dishonesty

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

capacitynounUS /kəˈpæsəti/

capability to perform or produce

From this reading His son had very early given proof of superior capacity.

careernounUS /kərˈɪr/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

collegenounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

competitorsnounUS /kəmˈpetətərz/

plural of “competitor” — the contestant you hope to defeat

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

connectedadjectiveUS /kəˈnektɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

deservedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzɜːrvd/

properly deserved

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

distancedverbUS /ˈdɪstənst/

past form of “distance” — keep at a distance

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading His son had very early given proof of superior capacity.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

equalsnounUS /ˈiːkwəlz/

plural of “equal” — a person who is of equal standing with another in a group

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

exchangingverbUS /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “exchange” — give to, and receive from, one another

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

faint-heartedadjective

lacking conviction or boldness or courage

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

fellownounUS /ˈfeloʊ/

a boy or man

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

finishverbUS /ˈfɪnɪʃ/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

fortunenounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃən/

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading His son had very early given proof of superior capacity.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

habitsnounUS /ˈhæbəts/

plural of “habit” — an established custom

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

honestadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnəst/

not disposed to cheat or defraud; not deceptive or fraudulent

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

honornounUS /ˈɑːnər/

a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

inferioradjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈfɪriər/

of or characteristic of low rank or importance

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

involvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɑːlvd/

connected by participation or association or use

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

IrelandnounUS /ˈaɪərlənd/

a republic consisting of 26 of 32 counties comprising the island of Ireland; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1921

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

IrishnounUS /ˈaɪrɪʃ/

people of Ireland or of Irish extraction

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

JacknounUS /dʒæk/

a small worthless amount

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

labornounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

lucknounUS /lʌk/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

Massingbred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

Nelligan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

opposeverbUS /əˈpoʊz/

be against; express opposition to

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

outragenounUS /ˈaʊtreɪdʒ/

a feeling of righteous anger

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

OxfordnounUS /ˈɑːksfərd/

a city in southern England to the northwest of London; site of Oxford University

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

patientnounUS /ˈpeɪʃənt/

a person who requires medical care

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

pre-eminence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

proofnounUS /pruːf/

any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

From this reading His son had very early given proof of superior capacity.

repairedverbUS /rɪˈperd/

past form of “repair” — restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

rusticated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

shareverbUS /ʃer/

have in common

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

SilentadjectiveUS /ˈsaɪlənt/

marked by absence of sound

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

SisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

snugadjectiveUS /snʌɡ/

offering safety; well protected or concealed

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading His son had very early given proof of superior capacity.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

superioradjectiveUS /suːˈpɪriər/

of high or superior quality or performance

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

tiesnounUS /taɪz/

plural of “tie” — neckwear consisting of a long narrow piece of material worn (mostly by men) under a collar and tied in knot at the front

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

TreasurynounUS /ˈtreʒəri/

the funds of a government or institution or individual

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading One alone had the honest candor to avow that he deserved his pre-eminence, on the true ground of his being their superior.

UnionnounUS /ˈjuːnjən/

an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading His son had very early given proof of superior capacity.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This was a certain Jack Massingbred, a young fellow of good family and fortune, and who, having been rusticated at Oxford, and involved in some outrage against authority in Cambridge, had come over to finish his college career in the “Silent Sister.”

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Although Irish by birth, and connected with Ireland by ties of family and fortune, he had passed all his life in England, his father having repaired to that country after the Union, exchanging the barren honor of a seat for an Irish borough for a snug Treasury appointment.

YoungadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Young Nelligan had distanced all his competitors in his college career; some who were his equals in ability, were inferior to him in habits of hard and patient labor; and others, again, were faint-hearted to oppose one in whose success they affected to believe luck had no small share.

Chapter 8 of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II) by Charles Lever holds 165 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II) contain?

Chapter 8 holds 165 sentences of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II), unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II) by Charles Lever exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 165 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II)?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II)

Common questions about reading The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II) by Charles Lever on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II)?

Yes. All 6060 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35143 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35143, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II) take to read?

About 505 minutes of reading across 1212 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II) section by section

How to work through The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II)

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Charles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
James
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lever
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Illustrations
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Martins Of Cro' Martin, Vol. I (of II); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.