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The Mayor of Casterbridge
The Mayor of Casterbridge

Chapter XXXII · Chapter 32

Chapter 32 of The Mayor of Casterbridge is here in full — 177 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.
Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.
It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.
By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.
It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Mayor of Casterbridge

Chapter XXXII · Chapter 32

Chapter 32 of The Mayor of Casterbridge is here in full — 177 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.
Line 2
Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.
Line 3
It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.
Line 4
By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.
Line 5
It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aforesaid adjective US /əˈfɔːrsed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.”

branched adjective US /bræntʃt/

resembling a fork; divided or separated into two branches

From this reading “It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.”

Cuckoo noun US /ˈkʌkuː/

a man who is a stupid incompetent fool

From this reading “It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.”

diverging adjective US /daɪˈvɜːrdʒɪŋ/

tending to move apart in different directions

From this reading “By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.”

gig noun US /ɡɪɡ/

long and light rowing boat; especially for racing

From this reading “He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.”

plantations noun US /ˌplænˈteɪʃənz/

plural of “plantation” — an estate where cash crops are grown on a large scale (especially in tropical areas)

From this reading “Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.”

retraced verb US /riˈtreɪst/

past form of “retrace” — to go back over again

From this reading “Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.”

slackened verb US /ˈslækənd/

past form of “slacken” — become slow or slower

From this reading “Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.

aforesaidadjectiveUS /əˈfɔːrsed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

boughtverbUS /bɑːt/

inflected form of “buy” — obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

branchedadjectiveUS /bræntʃt/

resembling a fork; divided or separated into two branches

From this reading It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

by-road

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

couplenounUS /ˈkʌpəl/

a pair who associate with one another

From this reading By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.

CuckoonounUS /ˈkʌkuː/

a man who is a stupid incompetent fool

From this reading It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.

delayverbUS /dɪˈleɪ/

cause to be slowed down or delayed

From this reading By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.

descendingadjectiveUS /dɪˈsendɪŋ/

coming down or downward

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.

divergingadjectiveUS /daɪˈvɜːrdʒɪŋ/

tending to move apart in different directions

From this reading By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.

drivernounUS /ˈdraɪvər/

the operator of a motor vehicle

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

effectsnounUS /ɪˈfekts/

property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

Farfrae

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.

Farfrae's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

gignounUS /ɡɪɡ/

long and light rowing boat; especially for racing

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

Henchard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

highwaynounUS /ˈhaɪweɪ/

a major road for any form of motor transport

From this reading It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

homewardadverbUS /ˈhoʊmwərd/

toward home

From this reading It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

indescribableadjectiveUS /ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbəl/

defying expression or description

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.

intentionnounUS /ˌɪnˈtentʃən/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

LanenounUS /leɪn/

a narrow way or road

From this reading It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.

Mellstock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.

noisenounUS /nɔɪz/

sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

personalitynounUS /ˌpɜːrsəˈnælɪti/

the complex of all the attributes--behavioral, temperamental, emotional and mental--that characterize a unique individual

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

PlainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

plantationsnounUS /ˌplænˈteɪʃənz/

plural of “plantation” — an estate where cash crops are grown on a large scale (especially in tropical areas)

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.

retracedverbUS /riˈtreɪst/

past form of “retrace” — to go back over again

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.

salenounUS /seɪl/

a particular instance of selling

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

Scotchmannoun

a native or inhabitant of Scotland

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

slackenedverbUS /ˈslækənd/

past form of “slacken” — become slow or slower

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.

speedverbUS /spiːd/

move hurridly

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.

swervingnoun

the act of turning aside suddenly

From this reading It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

thereupon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading It soon appeared that his intention was to do so still, the light swerving towards Cuckoo Lane, the by-road aforesaid.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

vehiclenounUS /ˈviːhɪkəl/

a conveyance that transports people or objects

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading By diverging to that village, as he had intended to do, Farfrae might probably delay his return by a couple of hours.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He knew it was Farfrae’s gig descending the hill from an indescribable personality in its noise, the vehicle having been his own till bought by the Scotchman at the sale of his effects.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It was a point in the highway near which the road to Mellstock branched off from the homeward direction.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

Yalbury

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Henchard thereupon retraced his steps along Yalbury Plain, the gig coming up with him as its driver slackened speed between two plantations.

Chapter 32 of The Mayor of Casterbridge by Thomas Hardy holds 177 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 32 of The Mayor of Casterbridge contain?

Chapter 32 holds 177 sentences of The Mayor of Casterbridge, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 32 of The Mayor of Casterbridge by Thomas Hardy exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 177 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 32 of The Mayor of Casterbridge?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 32 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 32 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Mayor of Casterbridge

Common questions about reading The Mayor of Casterbridge by Thomas Hardy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Mayor of Casterbridge?

Yes. All 6288 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #143 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Mayor of Casterbridge is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #143, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Mayor of Casterbridge take to read?

About 524 minutes of reading across 1258 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Mayor of Casterbridge section by section

How to work through The Mayor of Casterbridge section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of The Mayor of Casterbridge to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Mayor of Casterbridge

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Mayor of Casterbridge, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Death
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mayor of Casterbridge; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Character
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mayor of Casterbridge; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Evening
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mayor of Casterbridge; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Summer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mayor of Casterbridge; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.