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The McNaughtens
The McNaughtens

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The McNaughtens is here in full — 400 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant
ACT I.
Scene I. A street in London.
Captain McNaughten comes in, looking for his valet.
Captain I am quite beside myself.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The McNaughtens

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The McNaughtens is here in full — 400 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant
Line 2
ACT I.
/ækt aɪ/
Line 3
Scene I. A street in London.
/siːn aɪ ə striːt ɪn ˈlʌndən/
Line 4
Captain McNaughten comes in, looking for his valet.
Line 5
Captain I am quite beside myself.
/ˈkæptən aɪ æm kwaɪt bɪˈsaɪd ˌmaɪˈself/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adapted adjective US /əˈdæptɪd/

changed in order to improve or made more fit for a particular purpose

From this reading “A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant”

based adjective US /beɪst/

having a base

From this reading “A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant”

Captain's noun US /ˈkæptənz/

possessive form of “captain” — an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading “A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant”

Hastings noun US /ˈheɪstɪŋz/

United States architect who formed and important architectural firm with John Merven Carrere (1860-1929)

From this reading “A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant”

solicitor noun US /səˈlɪsətər/

a petitioner who solicits contributions or trade or votes

From this reading “A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant”

Spruce noun US /spruːs/

light soft moderately strong wood of spruce trees; used especially for timbers and millwork

From this reading “A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant”

Translated verb US /trænzˈleɪtɪd/

past form of “translate” — restate (words) from one language into another language

From this reading “A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant”

valet noun US /væˈleɪ/

a manservant who acts as a personal attendant to his employer

From this reading “A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1986

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

ACTverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading ACT I.

adaptedadjectiveUS /əˈdæptɪd/

changed in order to improve or made more fit for a particular purpose

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading Captain I am quite beside myself.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

basedadjectiveUS /beɪst/

having a base

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading Captain I am quite beside myself.

Bronlow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

CaptainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

Captain'snounUS /ˈkæptənz/

possessive form of “captain” — an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

comesnounUS /kʌmz/

plural of “come” — the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading Captain McNaughten comes in, looking for his valet.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

FnounUS /ef/

a degree on the Fahrenheit scale of temperature

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

Flavella

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

Flavella's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Captain McNaughten comes in, looking for his valet.

HastingsnounUS /ˈheɪstɪŋz/

United States architect who formed and important architectural firm with John Merven Carrere (1860-1929)

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading ACT I.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Scene I. A street in London.

JnounUS /dʒeɪ/

a unit of electrical energy equal to the work done when a current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

JennynounUS /ˈdʒeni/

United States architect who designed the first skyscraper in which a metal skeleton was used (1832-1907)

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading Scene I. A street in London.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading Captain McNaughten comes in, looking for his valet.

maidnounUS /meɪd/

a female domestic

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

McNaughten

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

Menechemes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

merchantnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

Morlock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading Captain I am quite beside myself.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

olderadjectiveUS /ˈoʊldər/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading Captain I am quite beside myself.

Regnard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

ScenenounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading Scene I. A street in London.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

solicitornounUS /səˈlɪsətər/

a petitioner who solicits contributions or trade or votes

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

SprucenounUS /spruːs/

light soft moderately strong wood of spruce trees; used especially for timbers and millwork

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

SquirenounUS /skwaɪr/

young nobleman attendant on a knight

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading Scene I. A street in London.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

Torrington

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

TranslatedverbUS /trænzˈleɪtɪd/

past form of “translate” — restate (words) from one language into another language

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

Uranianoun

(Greek mythology) the Muse of astronomy

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

Urania's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

valetnounUS /væˈleɪ/

a manservant who acts as a personal attendant to his employer

From this reading A play based on the Menechemes of Regnard Translated and adapted by F. J. Morlock C 1986 by F. J. Morlock McNaughten Captain McNaughten Mr. Hastings, Flavella's father Flavella, his daughter Urania, Hastings' older sister Jenny, Urania's maid Spruce, the Captain's valet Mr. Torrington, a solicitor Squire Mr. Bronlow, a merchant

Chapter 1 of The McNaughtens by Jean-François Regnard holds 400 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The McNaughtens contain?

Chapter 1 holds 400 sentences of The McNaughtens, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The McNaughtens by Jean-François Regnard exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 400 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The McNaughtens?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The McNaughtens

Common questions about reading The McNaughtens by Jean-François Regnard on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The McNaughtens?

Yes. All 1619 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4977 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The McNaughtens is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4977, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The McNaughtens take to read?

About 134 minutes of reading across 324 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The McNaughtens section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The McNaughtens

Words and structures a reader meets early in The McNaughtens, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Based
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The McNaughtens; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Menechemes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The McNaughtens; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Regnard
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The McNaughtens; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The McNaughtens; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.