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The Mercenary
The Mercenary

Chapter XXXIV

Chapter 34 of The Mercenary is here in full — 141 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
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A RECONNAISSANCE.
Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.
The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.
Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.
Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Mercenary

Chapter XXXIV

Chapter 34 of The Mercenary is here in full — 141 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A RECONNAISSANCE.
/ə riˈkɑːnəsəns/
Line 2
Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.
Line 3
The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.
/ðə ɪˈlektər meɪd juːs ʌv ɪt tuː ˈstreŋθən hɪz pəˈzɪʃənz ənd æn ˌɪntərˈseptəd ˈletər ʃoʊd ˈɡʌstəvəs ðæt ˌwʌˈtevər ˈrɪʃəluː maɪt θɪŋk ðə ɪˈlektər hæd noʊ ˌɪnˈtentʃən ʌv ˈbiːɪŋ ˈnuːtrəl/
Line 4
Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.
Line 5
Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bavaria noun US /bəˈveriə/

a state in southern Germany famous for its beer; site of an automobile factory

From this reading “Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.”

Elector noun US /ɪˈlektər/

a citizen who has a legal right to vote

From this reading “Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.”

frontiers noun US /frənˈtɪrz/

plural of “frontier” — a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country

From this reading “Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.”

Gustavus noun US /ˈɡʌstəvəs/

the last king of Sweden to have any real political power (1882-1973)

From this reading “Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.”

Lech noun US /lek/

man with strong sexual desires

From this reading “Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.”

neutrality noun US /nuːˈtræləti/

nonparticipation in a dispute or war

From this reading “Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.”

reconnaissance noun US /riˈkɑːnəsəns/

the act of reconnoitring (especially to gain information about an enemy or potential enemy)

From this reading “A RECONNAISSANCE.”

Richelieu noun US /ˈrɪʃəluː/

French prelate and statesman; principal minister to Louis XIII (1585-1642)

From this reading “The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

on the banks preposition + article + noun counted as “on … banks”

In this reading “Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.”

made use adjective + noun

In this reading “The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.”

stand on verb + particle

In this reading “Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.”

in view preposition + noun

In this reading “Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A RECONNAISSANCE.

advisedadjectiveUS /ædˈvaɪzd/

having the benefit of careful prior consideration or counsel

From this reading Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

BavarianounUS /bəˈveriə/

a state in southern Germany famous for its beer; site of an automobile factory

From this reading Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

cessationnounUS /ˌseˈseɪʃən/

a stopping

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

drovenounUS /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

ElectornounUS /ɪˈlektər/

a citizen who has a legal right to vote

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

formsnounUS /fɔːrmz/

plural of “form” — the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

fortnight's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

Franconia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

frontiersnounUS /frənˈtɪrz/

plural of “frontier” — a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country

From this reading Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

grantedadjectiveUS /ˈɡræntəd/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

GustavusnounUS /ˈɡʌstəvəs/

the last king of Sweden to have any real political power (1882-1973)

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

hostilitiesnounUS /hɑːˈstɪlətiz/

fighting; acts of overt warfare

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

intentionnounUS /ˌɪnˈtentʃən/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

interceptedverbUS /ˌɪntərˈseptəd/

past form of “intercept” — seize on its way

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

LechnounUS /lek/

man with strong sexual desires

From this reading Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

marchedverbUS /mɑːrtʃt/

past form of “march” — march in a procession

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

Maximilian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

musterverbUS /ˈmʌstər/

gather or bring together

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

neutraladjectiveUS /ˈnuːtrəl/

having no personal preference

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

neutralitynounUS /nuːˈtræləti/

nonparticipation in a dispute or war

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

positionsnounUS /pəˈzɪʃənz/

plural of “position” — the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

proposalsnounUS /prəˈpoʊzəlz/

plural of “proposal” — something proposed (such as a plan or assumption)

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

RECONNAISSANCEnounUS /riˈkɑːnəsəns/

the act of reconnoitring (especially to gain information about an enemy or potential enemy)

From this reading A RECONNAISSANCE.

RichelieunounUS /ˈrɪʃəluː/

French prelate and statesman; principal minister to Louis XIII (1585-1642)

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

strengthenverbUS /ˈstreŋθən/

make strong or stronger

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

Tilly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

undeceivedadjective

freed of a mistaken or misguided notion

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading Gustavus, in view of the proposals for the neutrality of the Elector, had granted a fortnight's cessation from hostilities.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading The Elector made use of it to strengthen his positions, and an intercepted letter showed Gustavus that, whatever Richelieu might think, the Elector had no intention of being neutral.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Tilly, advised by Maximilian, came to a stand on the banks of the Lech, which forms one of the frontiers of Bavaria.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Gustavus, once undeceived, marched with all the army he could muster against Tilly, and drove him out of Franconia.

Chapter 34 of The Mercenary by W. J. Eccott holds 141 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 34 of The Mercenary contain?

Chapter 34 holds 141 sentences of The Mercenary, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 34 of The Mercenary by W. J. Eccott exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 141 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 34 of The Mercenary?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 34 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 34 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Mercenary

Common questions about reading The Mercenary by W. J. Eccott on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Mercenary?

Yes. All 5752 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #40567 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Mercenary is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #40567, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Mercenary take to read?

About 479 minutes of reading across 1151 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Mercenary section by section

How to work through The Mercenary section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Mercenary

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Mercenary, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Works
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mercenary; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mercenary; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crown
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mercenary; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fortune's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mercenary; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.