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The Mettle of the Pasture
The Mettle of the Pasture

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Mettle of the Pasture is here in full — 406 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.
The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.
The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.
These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.
Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Mettle of the Pasture

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Mettle of the Pasture is here in full — 406 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.
Line 2
The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.
/ðə ˌɪˈmiːdiːət ˈneɪbərhʊd wɑːz oʊld æz ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən ˈrekənz eɪdʒ ɪn ðə juːˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ənd wɑːz wel kənˈsɜːrvd ɪt held ɪn haɪ əˈstiːm ɪts trəˈdɪʃənz ʌv ˌɪtˈself əˈpruːvd ɪts oʊn ˈkʌstəmz wɑːz praʊd ʌv ɪts praɪdz ə ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk kəˈmjuːnəti ʌv ˈkʌntri ˈdʒentəlmɪn æt ðə saɪd ʌv iːtʃ ʌv huːm ə ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk ˈleɪdi lɪvd ənd hæd hɜːr pəˈkjuːljər ˈbiːɪŋ/
Line 3
The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.
Line 4
These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.
Line 5
Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.
/ˈnʌθɪŋ ɪn ɪts weɪ rəˈkɔːrdz mɔːr ˈʃʊrli ðə klæʃ ənd ˈstrʌɡəl ənd ˈræŋkɪŋ ʌv men ðæn ðə ˈbaʊndəriz ʌv lænd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

absorption noun US /əbˈzɔːrpʃən/

(chemistry) a process in which one substance permeates another; a fluid permeates or is dissolved by a liquid or solid

From this reading “The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.”

conserved adjective US /kənˈsɜːrvd/

protected from harm or loss

From this reading “The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.”

holders noun US /ˈhoʊldərz/

plural of “holder” — a holding device

From this reading “These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.”

ownership noun US /ˈoʊnərʃɪp/

the relation of an owner to the thing possessed; possession with the right to transfer possession to others

From this reading “The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.”

prides noun US /praɪdz/

plural of “pride” — a feeling of self-respect and personal worth

From this reading “The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.”

ranking noun US /ˈræŋkɪŋ/

position on a scale in relation to others in status or rank or achievement

From this reading “Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.”

reckons verb US /ˈrekənz/

third-person singular of “reckon” — expect, believe, or suppose

From this reading “The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.”

tillage noun US /ˈtɪlɑːdʒ/

arable land that is worked by plowing and sowing and raising crops

From this reading “The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.”

All words in this reading · 115

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

absorptionnounUS /əbˈzɔːrpʃən/

(chemistry) a process in which one substance permeates another; a fluid permeates or is dissolved by a liquid or solid

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

adaptedadjectiveUS /əˈdæptɪd/

changed in order to improve or made more fit for a particular purpose

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

alikeadverbUS /əˈlaɪk/

equally

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

approvedadjectiveUS /əˈpruːvd/

established by authority; given authoritative approval

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

bordersnounUS /ˈbɔːrdərz/

plural of “border” — a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

boundariesnounUS /ˈbaʊndəriz/

plural of “boundary” — the line or plane indicating the limit or extent of something

From this reading Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.

capableadjectiveUS /ˈkeɪpəbəl/

(usually followed by “of”) having capacity or ability

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

characteristicnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

civilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

clashnounUS /klæʃ/

A violent confrontation or disagreement between opposing forces or factions.

From this reading Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.

communitynounUS /kəˈmjuːnəti/

a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

conservedadjectiveUS /kənˈsɜːrvd/

protected from harm or loss

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

customsnounUS /ˈkʌstəmz/

money collected under a tariff

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

estatesnounUS /ɪˈsteɪts/

plural of “estate” — everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

esteemnounUS /əˈstiːm/

the condition of being honored (esteemed or respected or well regarded)

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

exceptionnounUS /ɪkˈsepʃən/

a deliberate act of omission

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

familiesnounUS /ˈfæməliz/

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

farmsnounUS /fɑːrmz/

plural of “farm” — workplace consisting of farm buildings and cultivated land as a unit

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

fertileadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrtəl/

capable of reproducing

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

fortunateadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrtʃənət/

having unexpected good fortune

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

freeholds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

holdersnounUS /ˈhoʊldərz/

plural of “holder” — a holding device

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

immediateadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːət/

of the present time and place

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.

landsnounUS /lændz/

plural of “land” — the land on which real estate is located

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

losingverbUS /ˈluːzɪŋ/

-ing form of “lose” — fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

markingnounUS /ˈmɑːrkɪŋ/

a distinguishing symbol

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.

Merediths

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

neighborhoodnounUS /ˈneɪbərhʊd/

a surrounding or nearby region

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

neighborsnounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

plural of “neighbor” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

NothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

ownershipnounUS /ˈoʊnərʃɪp/

the relation of an owner to the thing possessed; possession with the right to transfer possession to others

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

partitionnounUS /pɑːrˈtɪʃən/

a vertical structure that divides or separates (as a wall divides one room from another)

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

pasturagenoun

succulent herbaceous vegetation of pasture land

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

pathosnounUS /ˈpeɪθɑːs/

a quality that arouses emotions (especially pity or sorrow)

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

peculiaradjectiveUS /pəˈkjuːljər/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

pridesnounUS /praɪdz/

plural of “pride” — a feeling of self-respect and personal worth

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

processesnounUS /ˈprɑːsesəz/

plural of “process” — a particular course of action intended to achieve a result

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

proudadjectiveUS /praʊd/

feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

rankingnounUS /ˈræŋkɪŋ/

position on a scale in relation to others in status or rank or achievement

From this reading Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.

reckonsverbUS /ˈrekənz/

third-person singular of “reckon” — expect, believe, or suppose

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

recordsnounUS /rəˈkɔːrdz/

plural of “record” — anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events

From this reading Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.

regionnounUS /ˈriːdʒən/

the extended spatial location of something

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

representingverbUS /ˌreprɪˈzentɪŋ/

-ing form of “represent” — take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

scantadjectiveUS /skænt/

less than the correct or legal or full amount often deliberately so

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

StatesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.

successiveadjectiveUS /səkˈsesɪv/

in regular succession without gaps

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

surelyadverbUS /ˈʃʊrli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading These scant freeholds had thus their pathos, marking as they did the losing fight of successive holders against more fortunate, more powerful neighbors.

tillagenounUS /ˈtɪlɑːdʒ/

arable land that is worked by plowing and sowing and raising crops

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The home of the Merediths lay in a region of fertile lands adapted alike to tillage and to pasturage.

traditionsnounUS /trəˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “tradition” — an inherited pattern of thought or action

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

UnitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Nothing in its way records more surely the clash and struggle and ranking of men than the boundaries of land.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The immediate neighborhood was old, as civilization reckons age in the United States, and was well conserved, It held in high esteem its traditions of itself, approved its own customs, was proud of its prides: a characteristic community of country gentlemen at the side of each of whom a characteristic lady lived and had her peculiar being.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The ownership of the soil had long since passed into the hands of capable families--with this exception, that here and there between the borders of large estates little farms were to be found representing all that remained from slow processes of partition and absorption.

Chapter 7 of The Mettle of the Pasture by James Lane Allen holds 406 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Mettle of the Pasture contain?

Chapter 7 holds 406 sentences of The Mettle of the Pasture, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Mettle of the Pasture by James Lane Allen exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 406 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Mettle of the Pasture?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Mettle of the Pasture

Common questions about reading The Mettle of the Pasture by James Lane Allen on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Mettle of the Pasture?

Yes. All 4385 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12482 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Mettle of the Pasture is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12482, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Mettle of the Pasture take to read?

About 365 minutes of reading across 877 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Mettle of the Pasture section by section

How to work through The Mettle of the Pasture section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of The Mettle of the Pasture to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Mettle of the Pasture

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Mettle of the Pasture, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mettle of the Pasture; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Choir
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mettle of the Pasture; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Invisible
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mettle of the Pasture; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kentucky
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mettle of the Pasture; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.