Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Minute Boys of Philadelphia
The Minute Boys of Philadelphia

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Minute Boys of Philadelphia is here in full — 151 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Minute Boys of Philadelphia
Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:
“There is no question of our refusing duty simply because of danger.
It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.
If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.
Do not be so quick to say that we are no longer of any use to the Cause.”
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Minute Boys of Philadelphia

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Minute Boys of Philadelphia is here in full — 151 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:
Line 2
“There is no question of our refusing duty simply because of danger.
/ðer ɪz noʊ ˈkwestʃən ʌv ˈaʊər rəˈfjuːzɪŋ ˈduːti ˈsɪmpli bɪˈkɔːz ʌv ˈdeɪndʒər/
Line 3
It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.
/ɪt ɪz fɔːr juː tuː seɪ wer wiː ʃæl ɡoʊ ənd wʌt wiː mʌst əˈtempt tuː duː juː ˈnoʊɪŋ ɔːl ðə ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/
Line 4
If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.
Line 5
Do not be so quick to say that we are no longer of any use to the Cause.”
/duː nɑːt biː soʊ kwɪk tuː seɪ ðæt wiː ɑːr noʊ ˈlɔːŋɡər ʌv ˈeni juːs tuː ðə kɑːz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

carnival noun US /ˈkɑːrnəvəl/

a festival marked by merrymaking and processions

From this reading “THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:”

continue verb US /kənˈtɪnjuː/

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

From this reading “THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:”

instructed verb US /ˌɪnˈstrʌktəd/

past form of “instruct” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading “THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:”

ours pronoun US /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading “If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.”

prisoners noun US /ˈprɪzənərz/

plural of “prisoner” — a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading “If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.”

refusing verb US /rəˈfjuːzɪŋ/

-ing form of “refuse” — show unwillingness towards

From this reading ““There is no question of our refusing duty simply because of danger.”

sharply adverb US /ˈʃɑːrpli/

in an aggressive manner

From this reading “THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:”

superior adjective US /suːˈpɪriər/

of high or superior quality or performance

From this reading “THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

superior officer adjective + noun

In this reading “THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:”

cut off verb + particle

make a break in

In this reading “THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:”

taken prisoners adjective + noun counted as “taken prisoner”

In this reading “If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.”

look upon verb + particle

look on as or consider

In this reading “THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:”

too dangerous adverb + adjective

In this reading “THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:”

any use adjective + noun

In this reading “Do not be so quick to say that we are no longer of any use to the Cause.””

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Do not be so quick to say that we are no longer of any use to the Cause.”

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Do not be so quick to say that we are no longer of any use to the Cause.”

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Do not be so quick to say that we are no longer of any use to the Cause.”

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

BoynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

CARNIVALnounUS /ˈkɑːrnəvəl/

a festival marked by merrymaking and processions

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

CausenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading Do not be so quick to say that we are no longer of any use to the Cause.”

chancenounUS /tʃæns/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

Chris

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.

continueverbUS /kənˈtɪnjuː/

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

dangernounUS /ˈdeɪndʒər/

the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury

From this reading “There is no question of our refusing duty simply because of danger.

dangerousadjectiveUS /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/

involving or causing danger or risk; liable to hurt or harm

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

decidedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd/

recognizable; marked

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading “There is no question of our refusing duty simply because of danger.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

instructedverbUS /ˌɪnˈstrʌktəd/

past form of “instruct” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “There is no question of our refusing duty simply because of danger.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

knowingadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊɪŋ/

evidencing the possession of inside information

From this reading It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading Do not be so quick to say that we are no longer of any use to the Cause.”

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

MinutenounUS /ˈmɪnət/

a unit of time equal to 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Do not be so quick to say that we are no longer of any use to the Cause.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

officernounUS /ˈɔːfəsər/

any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading “There is no question of our refusing duty simply because of danger.

ourspronounUS /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

peradventurenoun

doubt or uncertainty as to whether something is the case

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

prisonersnounUS /ˈprɪzənərz/

plural of “prisoner” — a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading “There is no question of our refusing duty simply because of danger.

quickadjectiveUS /kwɪk/

accomplished rapidly and without delay

From this reading Do not be so quick to say that we are no longer of any use to the Cause.”

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

refusingverbUS /rəˈfjuːzɪŋ/

-ing form of “refuse” — show unwillingness towards

From this reading “There is no question of our refusing duty simply because of danger.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.

sharplyadverbUS /ˈʃɑːrpli/

in an aggressive manner

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

simplyadverbUS /ˈsɪmpli/

and nothing more

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Do not be so quick to say that we are no longer of any use to the Cause.”

speakingnounUS /ˈspiːkɪŋ/

the utterance of intelligible speech

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

superioradjectiveUS /suːˈpɪriər/

of high or superior quality or performance

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Do not be so quick to say that we are no longer of any use to the Cause.”

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading “There is no question of our refusing duty simply because of danger.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading Do not be so quick to say that we are no longer of any use to the Cause.”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading It is for you to say where we shall go, and what we must attempt to do, you knowing all the circumstances.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading THE CARNIVAL I had no idea of being thus cut off from work as a Minute Boy simply because young Chris had decided it was too dangerous for us to continue such service, and speaking perhaps more sharply than I should have done, I said to this man whom we had been instructed to look upon in the light of a superior officer:

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading If, peradventure, you send us where there is no chance to escape being taken prisoners, then is the matter on your head rather than ours.

Chapter 8 of The Minute Boys of Philadelphia by James Otis holds 151 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Minute Boys of Philadelphia contain?

Chapter 8 holds 151 sentences of The Minute Boys of Philadelphia, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Minute Boys of Philadelphia by James Otis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 151 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Minute Boys of Philadelphia?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Minute Boys of Philadelphia

Common questions about reading The Minute Boys of Philadelphia by James Otis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Minute Boys of Philadelphia?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Minute Boys of Philadelphia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Minute Boys of Philadelphia take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Minute Boys of Philadelphia section by section

How to work through The Minute Boys of Philadelphia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of The Minute Boys of Philadelphia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Minute Boys of Philadelphia

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Minute Boys of Philadelphia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The Minute Boys of Philadelphia, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of The Minute Boys of Philadelphia, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The Minute Boys of Philadelphia, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.