Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271
The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 is here in full — 412 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271
Context Illustration Reading 29/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.
In that moment, a rush from the scaffold forced me from the door.
The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.
Sir Thomas took me by the arm as he passed, and signified that he wished me to accompany him.
I did so.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 is here in full — 412 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 29/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 141–145

Line 1
A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.
/ə ˈlʌmbərɪŋ nɔɪz əˈkeɪʒənd baɪ ðə ˈfɑːlɪŋ ʌv pɑːrt ʌv ðə ˌæpərˈætəs əˈnaʊnst ðæt ɪt hæd bɪn oʊˈbeɪd/
Line 2
In that moment, a rush from the scaffold forced me from the door.
/ɪn ðæt ˈmoʊmənt ə rʌʃ frʌm ðə ˈskæfəld fɔːrst miː frʌm ðə dɔːr/
Line 3
The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.
Line 4
Sir Thomas took me by the arm as he passed, and signified that he wished me to accompany him.
/sɜːr ˈtɑːməs tʊk miː baɪ ðə ɑːrm æz hiː pæst ənd ˈsɪɡnəfaɪd ðæt hiː wɪʃt miː tuː əˈkʌmpəni hɪm/
Line 5
I did so.
/aɪ dɪd soʊ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

agonies noun US /ˈæɡəniz/

plural of “agony” — intense feelings of suffering; acute mental or physical pain

From this reading “The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.”

apparatus noun US /ˌæpərˈætəs/

equipment designed to serve a specific function

From this reading “A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.”

expeditiously adverb US /ˌekspəˈdɪʃəsli/

with efficiency; in an efficient manner

From this reading “The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.”

lumbering noun US /ˈlʌmbərɪŋ/

the trade of cutting or preparing or selling timber

From this reading “A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.”

scaffold noun US /ˈskæfəld/

a platform from which criminals are executed (hanged or beheaded)

From this reading “In that moment, a rush from the scaffold forced me from the door.”

sheriffs noun US /ˈʃerəfs/

plural of “sheriff” — the principal law-enforcement officer in a county

From this reading “The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.”

signified noun US /ˈsɪɡnəfaɪd/

the meaning of a word or expression; the way in which a word or expression or situation can be interpreted

From this reading “Sir Thomas took me by the arm as he passed, and signified that he wished me to accompany him.”

sufferers noun US /ˈsʌfərərz/

plural of “sufferer” — a person suffering from an illness

From this reading “The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

accompanyverbUS /əˈkʌmpəni/

be present or associated with an event or entity

From this reading Sir Thomas took me by the arm as he passed, and signified that he wished me to accompany him.

agoniesnounUS /ˈæɡəniz/

plural of “agony” — intense feelings of suffering; acute mental or physical pain

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

announcedadjectiveUS /əˈnaʊnst/

declared publicly; made widely known

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

apparatusnounUS /ˌæpərˈætəs/

equipment designed to serve a specific function

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

armnounUS /ɑːrm/

a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

From this reading Sir Thomas took me by the arm as he passed, and signified that he wished me to accompany him.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

assistedadjectiveUS /əˈsɪstɪd/

having help; often used as a combining form

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

beholdverbUS /bɪˈhoʊld/

see with attention

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading I did so.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading In that moment, a rush from the scaffold forced me from the door.

eternitynounUS /ɪˈtɜːrnəti/

time without end

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

expeditiouslyadverbUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃəsli/

with efficiency; in an efficient manner

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

finaladjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəl/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading In that moment, a rush from the scaffold forced me from the door.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading In that moment, a rush from the scaffold forced me from the door.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Sir Thomas took me by the arm as he passed, and signified that he wished me to accompany him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I did so.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In that moment, a rush from the scaffold forced me from the door.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

lumberingnounUS /ˈlʌmbərɪŋ/

the trade of cutting or preparing or selling timber

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In that moment, a rush from the scaffold forced me from the door.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading In that moment, a rush from the scaffold forced me from the door.

noisenounUS /nɔɪz/

sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

obeyedverbUS /oʊˈbeɪd/

past form of “obey” — be obedient to

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

occasionedverbUS /əˈkeɪʒənd/

past form of “occasion” — give occasion to

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Sir Thomas took me by the arm as he passed, and signified that he wished me to accompany him.

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

platformnounUS /ˈplætfɔːrm/

a raised horizontal surface

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

preparingverbUS /priˈperɪŋ/

-ing form of “prepare” — make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

quitted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

rushverbUS /rʌʃ/

move hurridly

From this reading In that moment, a rush from the scaffold forced me from the door.

scaffoldnounUS /ˈskæfəld/

a platform from which criminals are executed (hanged or beheaded)

From this reading In that moment, a rush from the scaffold forced me from the door.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

sheriffsnounUS /ˈʃerəfs/

plural of “sheriff” — the principal law-enforcement officer in a county

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

signifiednounUS /ˈsɪɡnəfaɪd/

the meaning of a word or expression; the way in which a word or expression or situation can be interpreted

From this reading Sir Thomas took me by the arm as he passed, and signified that he wished me to accompany him.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading Sir Thomas took me by the arm as he passed, and signified that he wished me to accompany him.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I did so.

sufferersnounUS /ˈsʌfərərz/

plural of “sufferer” — a person suffering from an illness

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A lumbering noise, occasioned by the falling of part of the apparatus, announced that it had been obeyed.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

ThomasnounUS /ˈtɑːməs/

United States clockmaker who introduced mass production (1785-1859)

From this reading Sir Thomas took me by the arm as he passed, and signified that he wished me to accompany him.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Sir Thomas took me by the arm as he passed, and signified that he wished me to accompany him.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Sir Thomas took me by the arm as he passed, and signified that he wished me to accompany him.

under-sheriff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

unhappyadjectiveUS /ənˈhæpi/

experiencing or marked by or causing sadness or sorrow or discontent

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The sheriffs, the under-sheriff, the ordinary, the gentleman who had assisted him in preparing the sufferers for eternity, and several other persons quitted the platform as expeditiously as possible, that they might not behold the final agonies of the unhappy men.

wishedverbUS /wɪʃt/

past form of “wish” — hope for; have a wish

From this reading Sir Thomas took me by the arm as he passed, and signified that he wished me to accompany him.

Chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 by Various holds 412 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 412 sentences of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 by Various exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 412 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271

Common questions about reading The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 by Various on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271?

Yes. All 412 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11401 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11401, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 take to read?

About 34 minutes of reading across 83 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 section by section

How to work through The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mirror
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Literature
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Amusement
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Instruction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.