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The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271
The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 is here in full — 412 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271
Context Illustration Reading 42/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.
Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.
The cap was then withdrawn.
There was nothing terrific in the aspect of the deceased.
I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 is here in full — 412 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 42/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 206–210

Line 1
This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.
/ðɪs ɑːn ˌɪnˈkwaɪriː ˈbiːɪŋ meɪd aɪ lɜːrnd wɑːz dʌn ðæt ðə ˈbaɪstændərz maɪt nɑːt biː ʃɑːkt baɪ ˈwɪtnəsɪŋ ˈeni dɪˈstɔːrʃən ʌv ˈkaʊntənəns/
Line 2
Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.
/sɜːr ˈtɑːməs smaɪld æt ðə æŋˈzaɪəti ʌv ðə mæn tuː meɪk ɪt əˈpɪr ðæt hɪz wɜːrk hæd bɪn wel pərˈfɔːrmd/
Line 3
The cap was then withdrawn.
/ðə kæp wɑːz ðen wɪθˈdrɔːn/
Line 4
There was nothing terrific in the aspect of the deceased.
/ðer wɑːz ˈnʌθɪŋ tərˈɪfɪk ɪn ðə ˈæspekt ʌv ðə dɪˈsiːst/
Line 5
I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.
/aɪ ˈrekəɡnaɪzd ðə ˈfiːtʃərz ʌv ðə jʌŋ mæn huː hæd bɪn soʊ ˈwaɪldli soʊ ˈvaɪələntli ˈædʒəteɪtɪd wen əˈbaʊt tuː ˈsʌfər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bystanders noun US /ˈbaɪstændərz/

plural of “bystander” — a nonparticipant spectator

From this reading “This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.”

deceased noun US /dɪˈsiːst/

someone who is no longer alive

From this reading “There was nothing terrific in the aspect of the deceased.”

distortion noun US /dɪˈstɔːrʃən/

a change for the worse

From this reading “This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.”

shocked adjective US /ʃɑːkt/

struck with fear, dread, or consternation

From this reading “This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.”

terrific adjective US /tərˈɪfɪk/

very great or intense

From this reading “There was nothing terrific in the aspect of the deceased.”

wildly adverb US /ˈwaɪldli/

to an extreme or greatly exaggerated degree

From this reading “I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.”

withdrawn adjective US /wɪθˈdrɔːn/

withdrawn from society; seeking solitude

From this reading “The cap was then withdrawn.”

witnessing verb US /ˈwɪtnəsɪŋ/

-ing form of “witness” — be a witness to

From this reading “This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.

agitatedadjectiveUS /ˈædʒəteɪtɪd/

troubled emotionally and usually deeply

From this reading I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.

anxietynounUS /æŋˈzaɪəti/

(psychiatry) a relatively permanent state of worry and nervousness occurring in a variety of mental disorders, usually accompanied by compulsive behavior or attacks of panic

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

appearverbUS /əˈpɪr/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

aspectnounUS /ˈæspekt/

a distinct feature or element in a problem

From this reading There was nothing terrific in the aspect of the deceased.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

bystandersnounUS /ˈbaɪstændərz/

plural of “bystander” — a nonparticipant spectator

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

capnounUS /kæp/

a tight-fitting headdress

From this reading The cap was then withdrawn.

countenancenounUS /ˈkaʊntənəns/

the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

deceasednounUS /dɪˈsiːst/

someone who is no longer alive

From this reading There was nothing terrific in the aspect of the deceased.

distortionnounUS /dɪˈstɔːrʃən/

a change for the worse

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There was nothing terrific in the aspect of the deceased.

inquirynounUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪriː/

a search for knowledge

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading There was nothing terrific in the aspect of the deceased.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

performedverbUS /pərˈfɔːrmd/

past form of “perform” — carry out or perform an action

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

recognizedadjectiveUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪzd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.

shockedadjectiveUS /ʃɑːkt/

struck with fear, dread, or consternation

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

smiledverbUS /smaɪld/

past form of “smile” — change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.

sufferverbUS /ˈsʌfər/

undergo or be subjected to

From this reading I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.

terrificadjectiveUS /tərˈɪfɪk/

very great or intense

From this reading There was nothing terrific in the aspect of the deceased.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The cap was then withdrawn.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was nothing terrific in the aspect of the deceased.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

ThomasnounUS /ˈtɑːməs/

United States clockmaker who introduced mass production (1785-1859)

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

violentlyadverbUS /ˈvaɪələntli/

in a violent manner

From this reading I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.

wildlyadverbUS /ˈwaɪldli/

to an extreme or greatly exaggerated degree

From this reading I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.

withdrawnadjectiveUS /wɪθˈdrɔːn/

withdrawn from society; seeking solitude

From this reading The cap was then withdrawn.

witnessingverbUS /ˈwɪtnəsɪŋ/

-ing form of “witness” — be a witness to

From this reading This, on inquiry being made, I learned was done that the bystanders might not be shocked by witnessing any distortion of countenance.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Sir Thomas smiled at the anxiety of the man to make it appear that his work had been well performed.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading I recognized the features of the young man who had been so wildly, so violently agitated, when about to suffer.

Chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 by Various holds 412 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 412 sentences of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 by Various exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 412 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271

Common questions about reading The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 by Various on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271?

Yes. All 412 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11401 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11401, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 take to read?

About 34 minutes of reading across 83 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 section by section

How to work through The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mirror
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Literature
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Amusement
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Instruction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 271; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.