Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474
The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474 is here in full — 469 sentences across 94 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474
Context Illustration Reading 20/93 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."
By the way, I suppose you have seen "Glenarvon."
Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.
It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.
As for the likeness, the picture can't be good--I did not sit long enough.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474 is here in full — 469 sentences across 94 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 20/93 · 5 reading units · Lines 96–100

Line 1
I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."
Line 2
By the way, I suppose you have seen "Glenarvon."
Line 3
Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.
Line 4
It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.
Line 5
As for the likeness, the picture can't be good--I did not sit long enough.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Alps noun US /ælps/

a large mountain system in south-central Europe; scenic beauty and winter sports make them a popular tourist attraction

From this reading “I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."”

entertaining adjective US /ˌentərˈteɪnɪŋ/

agreeably diverting

From this reading “It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.”

lent noun US /lent/

a period of 40 weekdays from Ash Wednesday to Holy Saturday

From this reading “Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.”

likeness noun US /ˈlaɪknəs/

similarity in appearance or character or nature between persons or things

From this reading “As for the likeness, the picture can't be good--I did not sit long enough.”

renewal noun US /rɪˈnuːəl/

the conversion of wasteland into land suitable for use of habitation or cultivation

From this reading “I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."”

romantic adjective US /roʊˈmæntɪk/

belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts

sinned verb US /sɪnd/

inflected form of “sin” — commit a sin; violate a law of God or a moral law

From this reading “I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."”

verse noun US /vɜːrs/

literature in metrical form

From this reading “I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

AlpsnounUS /ælps/

a large mountain system in south-central Europe; scenic beauty and winter sports make them a popular tourist attraction

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

authoressnoun

a woman author

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

autumnnounUS /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading As for the likeness, the picture can't be good--I did not sit long enough.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading By the way, I suppose you have seen "Glenarvon."

can't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As for the likeness, the picture can't be good--I did not sit long enough.

Copet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.

crossedadjectiveUS /krɔːst/

placed crosswise

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading As for the likeness, the picture can't be good--I did not sit long enough.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading As for the likeness, the picture can't be good--I did not sit long enough.

entertainingadjectiveUS /ˌentərˈteɪnɪŋ/

agreeably diverting

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

estro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

feelingnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋ/

the experiencing of affective and emotional states

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading As for the likeness, the picture can't be good--I did not sit long enough.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.

Glenarvon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By the way, I suppose you have seen "Glenarvon."

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading As for the likeness, the picture can't be good--I did not sit long enough.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.

lentnounUS /lent/

a period of 40 weekdays from Ash Wednesday to Holy Saturday

From this reading Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.

likenessnounUS /ˈlaɪknəs/

similarity in appearance or character or nature between persons or things

From this reading As for the likeness, the picture can't be good--I did not sit long enough.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading As for the likeness, the picture can't be good--I did not sit long enough.

MadamenounUS /ˈmædəm/

title used for a married Frenchwoman

From this reading Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading As for the likeness, the picture can't be good--I did not sit long enough.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.

renewalnounUS /rɪˈnuːəl/

the conversion of wasteland into land suitable for use of habitation or cultivation

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

romancenounUS /roʊˈmæns/

a relationship between two lovers

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

romanticadjectiveUS /roʊˈmæntɪk/

belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading By the way, I suppose you have seen "Glenarvon."

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

sinnedverbUS /sɪnd/

inflected form of “sin” — commit a sin; violate a law of God or a moral law

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

sitverbUS /sɪt/

be seated

From this reading As for the likeness, the picture can't be good--I did not sit long enough.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

Staël

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading By the way, I suppose you have seen "Glenarvon."

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Madame de Staël lent it me to read from Copet last autumn.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

tunelessadjective

not having a musical sound or pleasing tune

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

versenounUS /vɜːrs/

literature in metrical form

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading By the way, I suppose you have seen "Glenarvon."

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading It seems to me that, if the authoress had written the _truth_, and nothing but the truth--the whole truth--the romance would not only have been more _romantic_, but more entertaining.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading I have not yet sinned against it in verse, nor do I know that I shall do so, having been tuneless since I crossed the Alps, and feeling, as yet, no renewal of the "estro."

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading By the way, I suppose you have seen "Glenarvon."

Chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474 by Various holds 469 sentences, grouped into 94 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 469 sentences of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474, unabridged, divided into 94 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474 by Various exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 469 sentences, grouped into 94 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474?

Work through the 94 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 94 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474

Common questions about reading The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474 by Various on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474?

Yes. All 469 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12685 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12685, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474 take to read?

About 39 minutes of reading across 94 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474 section by section

How to work through The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mirror
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Literature
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Amusement
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Instruction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement — No. 474; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.