Chapter V · Chapter 5

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

plural of “action” — something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Every schoolboy knows that a stone is lighter in water than in air.

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

weapons considered collectively

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

the lower side of anything

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

with self-possession (especially in times of stress)

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

a steep high face of rock

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

state of uncertainty or perplexity especially as requiring a choice between equally unfavorable options

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

having a specified kind of border or edge

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

at any time

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Every schoolboy knows that a stone is lighter in water than in air.

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

past form of “grasp” — hold firmly

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

death of a person

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Every schoolboy knows that a stone is lighter in water than in air.

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Every schoolboy knows that a stone is lighter in water than in air.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

plural of “know” — the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people

From this reading Every schoolboy knows that a stone is lighter in water than in air.

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

a projecting ridge on a mountain or submerged under water

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

raise from a lower to a higher position

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

a substance used to ignite or kindle a fire

From this reading Every schoolboy knows that a stone is lighter in water than in air.

for more time

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

a particular point in time

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

any of various long-tailed primates (excluding the prosimians)

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

immediately following in time or order

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

on one occasion

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

above and across; more than

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

trouble or confusion resulting from complexity

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

a specialist in philosophy

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

past form of “pick” — select carefully from a group

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

-ing form of “resign” — leave (a job, post, or position) voluntarily

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

express in words

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

the place where some action occurs

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

a boy attending school

From this reading Every schoolboy knows that a stone is lighter in water than in air.

lacking physical depth; having little spatial extension downward or inward from an outer surface or backward or outward from a center

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

a clergyman who watches over a group of people

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading Every schoolboy knows that a stone is lighter in water than in air.

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

final or last in your life or progress

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Every schoolboy knows that a stone is lighter in water than in air.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Every schoolboy knows that a stone is lighter in water than in air.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

in the direction of

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

not to be trusted

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading Every schoolboy knows that a stone is lighter in water than in air.

filled with water

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading How the monkey knew this, or whether he did or did not, it is impossible to say, but his actions were certainly those of a philosopher.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading For, instead of resigning himself to his fate, he bent down and grasped the stone which held him to his watery grave, picked it up in his arms, and walked calmly along the bottom towards the shore.

in the company of; together with

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

past form of “witness” — be a witness to

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.

showing curiosity

From this reading With a supreme effort he next got the stone edged on to a half-submerged ledge; but now that it was half out of the water it was once more too heavy to lift, and Tricky lay in great perplexity in the shallow water, wondering how ever he was to get out of this fresh dilemma.

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading If the shepherd had stood looking over the cliff for one moment longer he would have witnessed a curious scene.