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The Mountains of California
The Mountains of California

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Mountains of California is here in full — 587 sentences across 118 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/117 · 5 lines
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THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.
More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.
A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.
Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.
Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Mountains of California

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Mountains of California is here in full — 587 sentences across 118 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/117 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.
Line 2
More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.
/mɔːr ðæn ˈsɪksti jɪrz əˈɡoʊ ˈdeɪvɪd ˈdʌɡləs æn ɪnˌθuːziˈæstɪk ˈbɑːtənɪst ənd triː ˈlʌvər ˈwɑːndərd əˈloʊn θruː faɪn ˈsekʃənz ʌv ðə ˈʃʊɡər paɪn ənd ˈsɪlvər fɜːr wʊdz waɪld wɪð dɪˈlaɪt/
Line 3
A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.
/ə fjuː jɪrz ˈleɪtər ˈʌðər ˈbɑːtənɪsts meɪd ʃɔːrt ˈdʒɜːrniz frʌm ðə koʊst ˈɪntuː ðə ˈloʊər wʊdz/
Line 4
Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed bysheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.
Line 5
Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.
/ðen ðə joʊˈsemɪti ˈvæli wɑːz dɪˈskʌvərd ənd ˈθaʊzəndz ʌv ædˈmaɪrɪŋ ˈtʊrəsts pæst θruː ˈsekʃənz ʌv ðə ˈloʊər ənd ˈmɪdəl zoʊnz ɑːn ðer weɪ tuː ðæt ˈwʌndərfəl pɑːrk ənd ɡeɪnd faɪn ˈɡlɪmpsɪz ʌv ðə ˈʃʊɡər paɪnz ənd ˈsɪlvər fɜːrz əˈlɔːŋ ðə ˈedʒəz ʌv ˈdʌsti treɪlz ənd roʊdz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

belts noun US /belts/

plural of “belt” — endless loop of flexible material between two rotating shafts or pulleys

From this reading “Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.”

botanist noun US /ˈbɑːtənɪst/

a biologist specializing in the study of plants

From this reading “More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.”

botanists noun US /ˈbɑːtənɪsts/

plural of “botanist” — a biologist specializing in the study of plants

From this reading “A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.”

coniferous adjective US /kəˈnɪfərəs/

of or relating to or part of trees or shrubs bearing cones and evergreen leaves

From this reading “THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.”

grandest adjective US /ˈɡrændəst/

superlative of “grand” — of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading “THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.”

Sierra noun US /siˈerə/

a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)

From this reading “THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.”

Yosemite noun US /joʊˈsemɪti/

a series of waterfalls in Yosemite National Park in California; is reduced to a trickle for part of each year

From this reading “Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.”

zones noun US /zoʊnz/

plural of “zone” — a locally circumscribed place characterized by some distinctive features

From this reading “Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

accessibleadjectiveUS /ækˈsesəbəl/

capable of being reached

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

admiringverbUS /ædˈmaɪrɪŋ/

-ing form of “admire” — feel admiration for

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

beltsnounUS /belts/

plural of “belt” — endless loop of flexible material between two rotating shafts or pulleys

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

blindnounUS /blaɪnd/

people who have severe visual impairments, considered as a group

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

botanistnounUS /ˈbɑːtənɪst/

a biologist specializing in the study of plants

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

botanistsnounUS /ˈbɑːtənɪsts/

plural of “botanist” — a biologist specializing in the study of plants

From this reading A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

chasednounUS /tʃeɪst/

a person who is being chased

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

climatenounUS /ˈklaɪmət/

the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.

coniferousadjectiveUS /kəˈnɪfərəs/

of or relating to or part of trees or shrubs bearing cones and evergreen leaves

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

DavidnounUS /ˈdeɪvɪd/

patron saint of Wales (circa 520-600)

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

delightverbUS /dɪˈlaɪt/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

delightfuladjectiveUS /dɪˈlaɪtfəl/

greatly pleasing or entertaining

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

DouglasnounUS /ˈdʌɡləs/

United States politician who proposed that individual territories be allowed to decide whether they would have slavery; he engaged in a famous series of debates with Abraham Lincoln (1813-1861)

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

dustyadjectiveUS /ˈdʌsti/

covered with a layer of dust

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

edgesnounUS /ˈedʒəz/

plural of “edge” — the boundary of a surface

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

enthusiasticadjectiveUS /ɪnˌθuːziˈæstɪk/

having or showing great excitement and interest

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

FirnounUS /fɜːr/

nonresinous wood of a fir tree

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

FirsnounUS /fɜːrz/

plural of “fir” — nonresinous wood of a fir tree

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

flocksnounUS /flɑːks/

plural of “flock” — a church congregation guided by a pastor

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

foot-hill

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

FORESTSnounUS /ˈfɔːrəsts/

plural of “forest” — the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.

gainedverbUS /ɡeɪnd/

past form of “gain” — obtain

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

glimpsesnounUS /ˈɡlɪmpsɪz/

plural of “glimpse” — a quick look

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

gold-dust

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

grandestadjectiveUS /ˈɡrændəst/

superlative of “grand” — of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

growverbUS /ɡroʊ/

pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

interestingadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.

journeysnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrniz/

plural of “journey” — the act of traveling from one place to another

From this reading A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.

lovernounUS /ˈlʌvər/

a person who loves someone or is loved by someone

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

minersnounUS /ˈmaɪnərz/

plural of “miner” — laborer who works in a mine

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

MoreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

mostlyadverbUS /ˈmoʊstli/

in large part; mainly or chiefly

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

mountain-ranges

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

multitudenounUS /ˈmʌltətuːd/

a large indefinite number

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

parknounUS /pɑːrk/

a large area of land preserved in its natural state as public property

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

PinenounUS /paɪn/

a coniferous tree

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

PinesnounUS /paɪnz/

plural of “pine” — a coniferous tree

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

rangenounUS /reɪndʒ/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

roadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

sectionsnounUS /ˈsekʃənz/

plural of “section” — a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

sheepmen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading A few years later, other botanists made short journeys from the coast into the lower woods.

SierranounUS /siˈerə/

a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

SilvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

sixtyadjectiveUS /ˈsɪksti/

being ten more than fifty

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

SugarnounUS /ˈʃʊɡər/

a white crystalline carbohydrate used as a sweetener and preservative

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

thousandsnounUS /ˈθaʊzəndz/

plural of “thousand” — the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

touristsnounUS /ˈtʊrəsts/

plural of “tourist” — someone who travels for pleasure

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

trailsnounUS /treɪlz/

plural of “trail” — a track or mark left by something that has passed

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

ValleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

wanderedverbUS /ˈwɑːndərd/

past form of “wander” — move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

wonderfuladjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərfəl/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

woodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

woolnounUS /wʊl/

a fabric made from the hair of sheep

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading More than sixty years ago David Douglas, an enthusiastic botanist and tree lover, wandered alone through fine sections of the Sugar Pine and Silver Fir woods wild with delight.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading THE FORESTS The coniferous forests of the Sierra are the grandest and most beautiful in the world, and grow in a delightful climate on the most interesting and accessible of mountain-ranges, yet strange to say they are not well known.

YosemitenounUS /joʊˈsemɪti/

a series of waterfalls in Yosemite National Park in California; is reduced to a trickle for part of each year

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

zonenounUS /zoʊn/

a locally circumscribed place characterized by some distinctive features

From this reading Then came the wonderful multitude of miners into the foot-hill zone, mostly blind with gold-dust, soon followed by “sheepmen,” who, with wool over their eyes, chased their flocks through all the forest belts from one end of the range to the other.

zonesnounUS /zoʊnz/

plural of “zone” — a locally circumscribed place characterized by some distinctive features

From this reading Then the Yosemite Valley was discovered, and thousands of admiring tourists passed through sections of the lower and middle zones on their way to that wonderful park, and gained fine glimpses of the Sugar Pines and Silver Firs along the edges of dusty trails and roads.

Chapter 7 of The Mountains of California by John Muir holds 587 sentences, grouped into 118 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Mountains of California contain?

Chapter 7 holds 587 sentences of The Mountains of California, unabridged, divided into 118 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Mountains of California by John Muir exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 587 sentences, grouped into 118 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Mountains of California?

Work through the 118 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 118 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Mountains of California

Common questions about reading The Mountains of California by John Muir on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Mountains of California?

Yes. All 2557 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #10012 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Mountains of California is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #10012, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Mountains of California take to read?

About 213 minutes of reading across 512 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Mountains of California section by section

How to work through The Mountains of California section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of The Mountains of California to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Mountains of California

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Mountains of California, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Small
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mountains of California; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Residual
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mountains of California; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Glaciers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mountains of California; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mentioned
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mountains of California; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.