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The Native Born
The Native Born

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Native Born is here in full — 239 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/47 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.
The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.
Up to the year 18--the state had been to all practical purposes independent.
Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.
That time had come under the reign of Behar Asor--then Behar Singh.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Native Born

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Native Born is here in full — 239 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/47 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.
Line 2
The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.
/ðə ˈɡreɪtər ˈnʌmbər wɜːr ˈhɪnduːz ʌv ðə ˈstrɪktəst taɪp ənd pərˈhæps ˈoʊɪŋ tuː ðer ˈnætʃərəl kənˈsɜːrvətɪzəm ðeɪ hæd səkˈsiːdɪd ɪn ˈkiːpɪŋ ðer rɪˈlɪdʒən kəmˈperətɪvli friː frʌm ðə əˈbjuːsɪz ənd dɪˈstɔːrʃənz wɪtʃ ɪt wɑːz fɔːrst tuː ˌʌndərˈɡoʊ ɪn ˈʌðər ˈriːdʒənz/
Line 3
Up to the year 18--the state had been to all practical purposes independent.
Line 4
Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.
/ɪts ˈpɑːvərti ənd əˈnjuːʒuːəl ˈɪntəɡrəl koʊˈhiːʒən meɪd ɪt æt wʌns ə ˈdeɪndʒərəs ˈenəmi ənd æn ˌʌndɪˈzaɪrəbəl dɪˈpendənt wɪtʃ ɪt wɑːz ˈtæsɪtli əˈɡriːd tuː let əˈloʊn ənˈtɪl sʌtʃ taɪm wen ˈækʃən ʃʊd bɪˈkʌm ˌɪmˈperətɪv/
Line 5
That time had come under the reign of Behar Asor--then Behar Singh.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Aryan noun US /ˈɑːriən/

(according to Nazi doctrine) a Caucasian person of Nordic descent (and not a Jew)

From this reading “CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.”

cohesion noun US /koʊˈhiːʒən/

the state of cohering or sticking together

From this reading “Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.”

conservatism noun US /kənˈsɜːrvətɪzəm/

a political or theological orientation advocating the preservation of the best in society and opposing radical changes

From this reading “The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.”

distortions noun US /dɪˈstɔːrʃənz/

plural of “distortion” — a change for the worse

From this reading “The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.”

Hindus noun US /ˈhɪnduːz/

plural of “hindu” — a native or inhabitant of Hindustan or India

From this reading “The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.”

integral adjective US /ˈɪntəɡrəl/

existing as an essential constituent or characteristic

From this reading “Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.”

tacitly adverb US /ˈtæsɪtli/

in a tacit manner; by unexpressed agreement

From this reading “Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.”

undesirable adjective US /ˌʌndɪˈzaɪrəbəl/

not wanted

From this reading “Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.”

All words in this reading · 108

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

18

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Up to the year 18--the state had been to all practical purposes independent.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

abusesnounUS /əˈbjuːsɪz/

plural of “abuse” — cruel or inhumane treatment

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

agreedadjectiveUS /əˈɡriːd/

united by being of the same opinion

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Up to the year 18--the state had been to all practical purposes independent.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

aloofadjectiveUS /əˈluːf/

remote in manner

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

AryannounUS /ˈɑːriən/

(according to Nazi doctrine) a Caucasian person of Nordic descent (and not a Jew)

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

Asor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That time had come under the reign of Behar Asor--then Behar Singh.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

authoritynounUS /əˈθɔːrəti/

the power or right to give orders or make decisions

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Up to the year 18--the state had been to all practical purposes independent.

Behar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That time had come under the reign of Behar Asor--then Behar Singh.

branchnounUS /bræntʃ/

a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

CIRCEnoun

(Greek mythology) a sorceress who detained Odysseus on her island and turned his men into swine

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

cohesionnounUS /koʊˈhiːʒən/

the state of cohering or sticking together

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading That time had come under the reign of Behar Asor--then Behar Singh.

comparativelyadverbUS /kəmˈperətɪvli/

in a relative manner; by comparison to something else

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

conservatismnounUS /kənˈsɜːrvətɪzəm/

a political or theological orientation advocating the preservation of the best in society and opposing radical changes

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

countlessadjectiveUS /ˈkaʊntləs/

too numerous to be counted

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

curiouslyadverbUS /ˈkjʊriəsli/

in a manner differing from the usual or expected

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

dangerousadjectiveUS /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/

involving or causing danger or risk; liable to hurt or harm

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

dependentadjectiveUS /dɪˈpendənt/

relying on or requiring a person or thing for support, supply, or what is needed

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

distortionsnounUS /dɪˈstɔːrʃənz/

plural of “distortion” — a change for the worse

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

dominionnounUS /dəˈmɪnjən/

dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

exercisedverbUS /ˈeksərsaɪzd/

past form of “exercise” — put to use

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

extendingverbUS /ɪkˈstendɪŋ/

-ing form of “extend” — extend in scope or range or area

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

generationsnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “generation” — all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

HindusnounUS /ˈhɪnduːz/

plural of “hindu” — a native or inhabitant of Hindustan or India

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

imperativeadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈperətɪv/

requiring attention or action

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

independentadjectiveUS /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/

free from external control and constraint

From this reading Up to the year 18--the state had been to all practical purposes independent.

inhabitedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈhæbətəd/

having inhabitants; lived in

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

integraladjectiveUS /ˈɪntəɡrəl/

existing as an essential constituent or characteristic

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

keepingnounUS /ˈkiːpɪŋ/

conformity or harmony

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

Nehal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

neighborsnounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

plural of “neighbor” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

owingadjectiveUS /ˈoʊɪŋ/

owed as a debt

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

partialadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːrʃəl/

being or affecting only a part; not total

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

povertynounUS /ˈpɑːvərti/

the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

practicaladjectiveUS /ˈpræktəkəl/

concerned with actual use or practice

From this reading Up to the year 18--the state had been to all practical purposes independent.

purposesnounUS /ˈpɜːrpəsəz/

plural of “purpose” — an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading Up to the year 18--the state had been to all practical purposes independent.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

Rajahnoun

a prince or king in India

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

regionsnounUS /ˈriːdʒənz/

plural of “region” — the extended spatial location of something

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

reignverbUS /reɪn/

have sovereign power

From this reading That time had come under the reign of Behar Asor--then Behar Singh.

religionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

Singh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

sparely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Up to the year 18--the state had been to all practical purposes independent.

strictestadjectiveUS /ˈstrɪktəst/

superlative of “strict” — rigidly accurate; allowing no deviation from a standard

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

succeededverbUS /səkˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

tacitlyadverbUS /ˈtæsɪtli/

in a tacit manner; by unexpressed agreement

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That time had come under the reign of Behar Asor--then Behar Singh.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading That time had come under the reign of Behar Asor--then Behar Singh.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

tractnounUS /trækt/

an extended area of land

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

typenounUS /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading That time had come under the reign of Behar Asor--then Behar Singh.

undergoverbUS /ˌʌndərˈɡoʊ/

pass through

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

undesirableadjectiveUS /ˌʌndɪˈzaɪrəbəl/

not wanted

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

unfruitfuladjective

not fruitful; not conducive to abundant production

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

unusualadjectiveUS /əˈnjuːʒuːəl/

not usual or common or ordinary

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

UpadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Up to the year 18--the state had been to all practical purposes independent.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The greater number were Hindus of the strictest type, and perhaps owing to their natural conservatism they had succeeded in keeping their religion comparatively free from the abuses and distortions which it was forced to undergo in other regions.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Its poverty and unusual integral cohesion made it at once a dangerous enemy and an undesirable dependent, which it was tacitly agreed to let alone until such time when action should become imperative.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading CIRCE The dominion over which Rajah Nehal Singh exercised his partial authority was a tract of unfruitful land extending over about two hundred square miles and sparely inhabited by a branch of the Aryan race which through countless generations had kept itself curiously aloof from its neighbors.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Up to the year 18--the state had been to all practical purposes independent.

Chapter 3 of The Native Born by I. A. R. (Ida Alexa Ross) Wylie holds 239 sentences, grouped into 48 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Native Born contain?

Chapter 3 holds 239 sentences of The Native Born, unabridged, divided into 48 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Native Born by I. A. R. (Ida Alexa Ross) Wylie exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 239 sentences, grouped into 48 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Native Born?

Work through the 48 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 48 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Native Born

Common questions about reading The Native Born by I. A. R. (Ida Alexa Ross) Wylie on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Native Born?

Yes. All 7592 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #7940 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Native Born is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #7940, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Native Born take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1519 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Native Born section by section

How to work through The Native Born section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of The Native Born to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Native Born

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Native Born, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Dancing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Native Born; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Resumed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Native Born; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
India--adore
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Native Born; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Simply
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Native Born; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.