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The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1
The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 is here in full — 40 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1
Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_August 4th_, 1767.
It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.
As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.
But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.
He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 is here in full — 40 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_August 4th_, 1767.
Line 2
It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.
/ɪt hæz bɪn maɪ mɪˈsfɔːrtʃən ˈnevər tuː hæv hæd ˈeni ˈneɪbərz huːz ˈstʌdiz hæv led ðem təˈwɔːrdz ðə pərˈsuːt ʌv ˈnætʃərəl ˈnɑːlədʒ soʊ ðæt fɔːr wɑːnt ʌv ə kəmˈpænjən tuː ˈkwɪkən maɪ ˈɪndəstri ənd ˈʃɑːrpən maɪ əˈtenʃən aɪ hæv meɪd bʌt ˈslendər ˈprɑːɡres ɪn ə kaɪnd ʌv ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən tuː wɪtʃ aɪ hæv bɪn əˈtætʃt frʌm maɪ ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/
Line 3
As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.
Line 4
But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.
Line 5
He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.
/hiː toʊld miː ðæt aʊt ʌv hɪz ɡreɪt ker tuː prəˈzɜːrv ðem hiː pʊt ðem ɪn ə ˈpeɪpər bæɡ ənd hʌŋ ðem baɪ ðə ˈkɪtʃən ˈfaɪər wer ðeɪ wɜːr ˈsʌfəkeɪtɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assures verb US /əˈʃʊrz/

third-person singular of “assure” — make certain of

From this reading “But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.”

battlements noun US /ˈbætəlmənts/

plural of “battlement” — a rampart built around the top of a castle with regular gaps for firing arrows or guns

From this reading “But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.”

quicken verb US /ˈkwɪkən/

move faster

From this reading “It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.”

sharpen verb US /ˈʃɑːrpən/

make sharp or sharper

From this reading “It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.”

suffocated verb US /ˈsʌfəkeɪtɪd/

past form of “suffocate” — deprive of oxygen and prevent from breathing

From this reading “He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.”

swallows noun US /ˈswɑːloʊz/

plural of “swallow” — a small amount of liquid food

From this reading “As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.”

swifts noun US /swɪfts/

plural of “swift” — United States meat-packer who began the use of refrigerated railroad cars (1839-1903)

From this reading “But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.”

torpid adjective US /ˈtɔːrpəd/

slow and apathetic

From this reading “As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.”

All words in this reading · 118

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1767

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _August 4th_, 1767.

4

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _August 4th_, 1767.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

apodes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

assuresverbUS /əˈʃʊrz/

third-person singular of “assure” — make certain of

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

attachedadjectiveUS /əˈtætʃt/

being joined in close association

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

attendingnounUS /əˈtendɪŋ/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading _August 4th_, 1767.

bagnounUS /bæɡ/

a flexible container with a single opening

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

battlementsnounUS /ˈbætəlmənts/

plural of “battlement” — a rampart built around the top of a castle with regular gaps for firing arrows or guns

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

childhoodnounUS /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/

the time of person's life when they are a child

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

clergymannounUS /ˈklɜːrdʒimən/

a member of the clergy and a spiritual leader of the Christian Church

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

companionnounUS /kəmˈpænjən/

a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

hirundines

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

industrynounUS /ˈɪndəstri/

the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

informationnounUS /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/

a message received and understood

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

inquisitiveadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkwɪzɪtɪv/

showing curiosity

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

IslenounUS /aɪl/

a small island

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

kitchennounUS /ˈkɪtʃən/

a room equipped for preparing meals

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

misfortunenounUS /mɪˈsfɔːrtʃən/

unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

neighboursnounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

plural of “neighbour” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

preserveverbUS /prəˈzɜːrv/

keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

pullingnounUS /ˈpʊlɪŋ/

the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

pursuitnounUS /pərˈsuːt/

the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

quickenverbUS /ˈkwɪkən/

move faster

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

revivedadjectiveUS /rɪˈvaɪvd/

restored to consciousness or life or vigor

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

rubbishnounUS /ˈrʌbɪʃ/

worthless material that is to be disposed of

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

rusticae

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

sharpenverbUS /ˈʃɑːrpən/

make sharp or sharper

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

slenderadjectiveUS /ˈslendər/

being of delicate or slender build

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

studiesnounUS /ˈstʌdiz/

plural of “study” — a detailed critical inspection

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

suffocatedverbUS /ˈsʌfəkeɪtɪd/

past form of “suffocate” — deprive of oxygen and prevent from breathing

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

swallowsnounUS /ˈswɑːloʊz/

plural of “swallow” — a small amount of liquid food

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

swiftsnounUS /swɪfts/

plural of “swift” — United States meat-packer who began the use of refrigerated railroad cars (1839-1903)

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

thnounUS /ˈtiːˈeɪtʃ/

the fifth day of the week; the fourth working day

From this reading _August 4th_, 1767.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

torpidadjectiveUS /ˈtɔːrpəd/

slow and apathetic

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

towernounUS /ˈtaʊər/

a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He told me, that out of his great care to preserve them, he put them in a paper bag, and hung them by the kitchen fire, where they were suffocated.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading It has been my misfortune never to have had any neighbours whose studies have led them towards the pursuit of natural knowledge; so that, for want of a companion to quicken my industry and sharpen my attention, I have made but slender progress in a kind of information to which I have been attached from my childhood.

WightnounUS /waɪt/

a human being; “wight” is an archaic term

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

workmennounUS /ˈwɜːrkmɪn/

plural of “workman” — an employee who performs manual or industrial labor

From this reading But a clergyman, of an inquisitive turn, assures me, that when he was a great boy, some workmen, in pulling down the battlements of a church tower early in the spring, found two or three swifts (_hirundines apodes_) among the rubbish, which were at first appearance dead, but on being carried towards the fire revived.

worthnounUS /wɜːrθ/

an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

From this reading As to swallows (_hirundines rusticae_) being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to.

Chapter 7 of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 by Gilbert White holds 40 sentences, grouped into 8 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 contain?

Chapter 7 holds 40 sentences of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1, unabridged, divided into 8 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 by Gilbert White exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 40 sentences, grouped into 8 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1?

Work through the 8 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 8 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1

Common questions about reading The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 by Gilbert White on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1?

Yes. All 1583 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #20933 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #20933, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 take to read?

About 131 minutes of reading across 317 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 section by section

How to work through The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Parish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Selborne
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Extreme
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Eastern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.