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The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1
The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 is here in full — 61 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1
Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SELBORNE, _May 29th_, 1769.
Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.
Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.
On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.
We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 is here in full — 61 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SELBORNE, _May 29th_, 1769.
Line 2
Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.
Line 3
Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.
Line 4
On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.
Line 5
We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.
/wiː ʃɑːt ə kɑːk ənd ə hen ðeɪ wɜːr plʌmp ənd ɪn haɪ kənˈdɪʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

April noun US /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading “On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.”

Banks noun US /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading “Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.”

birds noun US /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading “On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.”

cock verb US /kɑːk/

tilt or slant to one side

From this reading “We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.”

collections noun US /kəˈlekʃənz/

plural of “collection” — several things grouped together or considered as a whole

From this reading “Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.”

discover verb US /dɪˈskʌvər/

discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading “Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.”

hen noun US /hen/

adult female chicken

From this reading “We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.”

plump adjective US /plʌmp/

sufficiently fat so as to have a pleasing fullness of figure

From this reading “We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

13th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

1769

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SELBORNE, _May 29th_, 1769.

29

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SELBORNE, _May 29th_, 1769.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

BanksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

cockverbUS /kɑːk/

tilt or slant to one side

From this reading We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.

collectionsnounUS /kəˈlekʃənz/

plural of “collection” — several things grouped together or considered as a whole

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.

DearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

discoververbUS /dɪˈskʌvər/

discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.

fullo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.

hennounUS /hen/

adult female chicken

From this reading We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

Maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading SELBORNE, _May 29th_, 1769.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

observedadjectiveUS /əbˈzɜːrvd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

pleasedadjectiveUS /pliːzd/

experiencing or manifesting pleasure

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

plumpadjectiveUS /plʌmp/

sufficiently fat so as to have a pleasing fullness of figure

From this reading We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.

ring-ousels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

scaraboeus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

sea-coastnoun

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

SELBORNE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SELBORNE, _May 29th_, 1769.

sheep-down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

shotnounUS /ʃɑːt/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

thnounUS /ˈtiːˈeɪtʃ/

the fifth day of the week; the fourth working day

From this reading SELBORNE, _May 29th_, 1769.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Mr. Banks told me he thought it might be found on the sea-coast.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading We shot a cock and a hen; they were plump and in high condition.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading On the 13th April I went to the sheep-down, where the _ring-ousels_ have been observed to make their appearance at spring and fall, in their way perhaps to the north or south, and was much pleased to see these birds about the usual spot.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading Dear Sir,--The _scaraboeus fullo_ I know very well, having seen it in collections, but have never been able to discover one wild in its natural state.

Chapter 17 of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 by Gilbert White holds 61 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 contain?

Chapter 17 holds 61 sentences of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 by Gilbert White exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 61 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1

Common questions about reading The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 by Gilbert White on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1?

Yes. All 1583 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #20933 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #20933, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 take to read?

About 131 minutes of reading across 317 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 section by section

How to work through The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Parish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Selborne
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Extreme
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Eastern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.