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The Natural History of the Gent
The Natural History of the Gent

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Natural History of the Gent is here in full — 21 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/4 · 5 lines
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OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.
No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.
Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.
When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.
He prefers the top of the cabin-door—the steps of the paddle-boxes—the platform on which the steersman is elevated, and the like situations.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Natural History of the Gent

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Natural History of the Gent is here in full — 21 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/4 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.
Line 2
No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.
Line 3
Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.
Line 4
When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.
/wen ˈdʒɔɪnɪŋ ə ˈstiːmboʊt ɪkˈskɜːrʒən ðə dʒent ˈnevər sɪts ɑːn ðə ˈreɡjələr ˈbentʃɪz pleɪst fɔːr ðæt ˈpɜːrpəs/
Line 5
He prefers the top of the cabin-door—the steps of the paddle-boxes—the platform on which the steersman is elevated, and the like situations.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

converge verb US /kənˈvɜːrdʒ/

be adjacent or come together

From this reading “No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.”

gentility noun US /dʒenˈtɪlɪti/

elegance by virtue of fineness of manner and expression

From this reading “Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.”

gents noun US /dʒents/

plural of “gent” — informal abbreviation of “gentleman”

From this reading “OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.”

prefers verb US /prəˈfɜːrz/

third-person singular of “prefer” — like better; value more highly

From this reading “He prefers the top of the cabin-door—the steps of the paddle-boxes—the platform on which the steersman is elevated, and the like situations.”

steamboat noun US /ˈstiːmboʊt/

a boat propelled by a steam engine

From this reading “When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.”

steamboats noun US /ˈstiːmboʊts/

plural of “steamboat” — a boat propelled by a steam engine

From this reading “OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.”

tawdry adjective US /ˈtɔːdri/

tastelessly showy

From this reading “No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.”

vulgarity noun US /vəlˈɡerɪti/

the quality of lacking taste and refinement

From this reading “No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

peculiarly adapted adverb + adjective

In this reading “Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.”

utterly incapable adverb + adjective

In this reading “Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.”

on board preposition + noun

on a ship, train, plane or other vehicle

In this reading “OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.”

labouring man adjective + noun

In this reading “Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.”

carrying out verb + adjective counted as “carry out”

put in effect

In this reading “Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.”

far more adverb + adjective

In this reading “Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.”

in the world preposition + article + noun counted as “in … world”

In this reading “No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.”

met with verb + particle counted as “meet with”

In this reading “OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

adaptedadjectiveUS /əˈdæptɪd/

changed in order to improve or made more fit for a particular purpose

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

admitverbUS /ədˈmɪt/

declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

apenounUS /eɪp/

any of various primates with short tails or no tail at all

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

appearsverbUS /əˈpɪrz/

third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

assumeverbUS /əˈsuːm/

take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

attemptsnounUS /əˈtempts/

plural of “attempt” — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

badadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

benchesnounUS /ˈbentʃɪz/

plural of “bench” — a long seat for more than one person

From this reading When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.

boardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

cabin-door

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He prefers the top of the cabin-door—the steps of the paddle-boxes—the platform on which the steersman is elevated, and the like situations.

carryingverbUS /ˈkæriɪŋ/

-ing form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

convergeverbUS /kənˈvɜːrdʒ/

be adjacent or come together

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

costumenounUS /kɑːˈstuːm/

the attire worn in a play or at a fancy dress ball

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

countlessadjectiveUS /ˈkaʊntləs/

too numerous to be counted

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

drearyadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪri/

lacking in liveliness or charm or surprise

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

effortsnounUS /ˈefərts/

plural of “effort” — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

elevatedadjectiveUS /ˈeləveɪtɪd/

raised above the ground

From this reading He prefers the top of the cabin-door—the steps of the paddle-boxes—the platform on which the steersman is elevated, and the like situations.

excursionnounUS /ɪkˈskɜːrʒən/

a journey taken for pleasure

From this reading When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.

gatheringnounUS /ˈɡæðərɪŋ/

a group of persons together in one place

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

GentnounUS /dʒent/

informal abbreviation of “gentleman”

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

gentilitynounUS /dʒenˈtɪlɪti/

elegance by virtue of fineness of manner and expression

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

GENTSnounUS /dʒents/

plural of “gent” — informal abbreviation of “gentleman”

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

grandadjectiveUS /ɡrænd/

of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

holidaynounUS /ˈhɑːlədeɪ/

leisure time away from work devoted to rest or pleasure

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

incapableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkeɪpəbəl/

(followed by “of”) lacking capacity or ability

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

joiningnounUS /ˈdʒɔɪnɪŋ/

the act of bringing two things into contact (especially for communication)

From this reading When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.

labouringadjective

doing arduous or unpleasant work

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading He prefers the top of the cabin-door—the steps of the paddle-boxes—the platform on which the steersman is elevated, and the like situations.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

ludicrousadjectiveUS /ˈluːdəkrəs/

broadly or extravagantly humorous; resembling farce

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

myriads

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

paddle-boxes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He prefers the top of the cabin-door—the steps of the paddle-boxes—the platform on which the steersman is elevated, and the like situations.

painfuladjectiveUS /ˈpeɪnfəl/

causing physical or psychological pain

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

peculiarlyadverbUS /pɪˈkjuːljərli/

uniquely or characteristically

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.

platformnounUS /ˈplætfɔːrm/

a raised horizontal surface

From this reading He prefers the top of the cabin-door—the steps of the paddle-boxes—the platform on which the steersman is elevated, and the like situations.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

prefersverbUS /prəˈfɜːrz/

third-person singular of “prefer” — like better; value more highly

From this reading He prefers the top of the cabin-door—the steps of the paddle-boxes—the platform on which the steersman is elevated, and the like situations.

producesnounUS /prəˈduːsəz/

plural of “produce” — fresh fruits and vegetable grown for the market

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

regularadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjələr/

in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle

From this reading When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.

respectableadjectiveUS /rɪˈspektəbəl/

characterized by socially or conventionally acceptable morals

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

RIVERnounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

réunion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

sitsverbUS /sɪts/

third-person singular of “sit” — be seated

From this reading When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.

situationsnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “situation” — the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading He prefers the top of the cabin-door—the steps of the paddle-boxes—the platform on which the steersman is elevated, and the like situations.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

specimensnounUS /ˈspesəmənz/

plural of “specimen” — an example regarded as typical of its class

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

steamboatnounUS /ˈstiːmboʊt/

a boat propelled by a steam engine

From this reading When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.

steamboatsnounUS /ˈstiːmboʊts/

plural of “steamboat” — a boat propelled by a steam engine

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

steersmannoun

the person who steers a ship

From this reading He prefers the top of the cabin-door—the steps of the paddle-boxes—the platform on which the steersman is elevated, and the like situations.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading He prefers the top of the cabin-door—the steps of the paddle-boxes—the platform on which the steersman is elevated, and the like situations.

strenuousadjectiveUS /ˈstrenjuːəs/

characterized by or performed with much energy or force

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

SundaynounUS /ˈsʌndeɪ/

first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

tawdryadjectiveUS /ˈtɔːdri/

tastelessly showy

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading He prefers the top of the cabin-door—the steps of the paddle-boxes—the platform on which the steersman is elevated, and the like situations.

tournure

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

universaladjectiveUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəl/

of worldwide scope or applicability

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

utterlyadverbUS /ˈʌtərli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

varietiesnounUS /vərˈaɪətiz/

plural of “variety” — a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

vulgaritynounUS /vəlˈɡerɪti/

the quality of lacking taste and refinement

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When joining a steamboat excursion the Gent never sits on the regular benches placed for that purpose.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading OF GENTS ON THE RIVER THE grand gathering of Gents is only to be met with as one universal réunion of all their varieties, on board the Sunday steamboats.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading Their strenuous attempts to ape gentility—a bad style of word, we admit, but one peculiarly adapted to our purpose—are to us more painful than ludicrous: and the labouring man, dressed in the usual costume of his class is, in our eyes, far more respectable than the Gent, in his dreary efforts to assume a style and tournure which he is so utterly incapable of carrying out.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading No city in the world produces so many holiday specimens of tawdry vulgarity as London: and the river appears to be the point towards which all the countless myriads converge.

Chapter 10 of The Natural History of the Gent by Albert Smith holds 21 sentences, grouped into 5 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Natural History of the Gent contain?

Chapter 10 holds 21 sentences of The Natural History of the Gent, unabridged, divided into 5 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Natural History of the Gent by Albert Smith exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 21 sentences, grouped into 5 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Natural History of the Gent?

Work through the 5 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 5 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Natural History of the Gent

Common questions about reading The Natural History of the Gent by Albert Smith on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Natural History of the Gent?

Yes. All 435 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #66323 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Natural History of the Gent is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #66323, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Natural History of the Gent take to read?

About 36 minutes of reading across 87 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Natural History of the Gent section by section

How to work through The Natural History of the Gent section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 14 chapters of The Natural History of the Gent to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Natural History of the Gent

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Natural History of the Gent, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Albert
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Natural History of the Gent; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Smith
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Natural History of the Gent; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
David
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Natural History of the Gent; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bogue
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Natural History of the Gent; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.