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The Negro in American fiction
The Negro in American fiction

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Negro in American fiction is here in full — 288 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/57 · 5 lines
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NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.
They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.
Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.
They record what, according to the formula of taboos and restrictions, should be unmentioned.
In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Negro in American fiction

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Negro in American fiction is here in full — 288 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/57 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.
/nuː roʊdz ðə ˈpætərn ʌv ˈvaɪələns ˌɔːlˈðoʊ wiː hæv siːn ðæt sʌtʃ ˈɔːθərz æz wʊd ˈheɪwərd ˈædəmz ənd fræŋk rɪˈviːld ˈsʌðərn ˌɪnˈdʒʌstɪs tuː ðə ˈniːɡroʊ ɪt hæz rɪˈmeɪnd fɔːr ə ˈleɪtər ɡruːp ʌv ˈraɪtərz tuː ˈredʒɪstər ðə ˈfʊləst ˈsoʊʃəl ˈproʊtest/
Line 2
They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.
Line 3
Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.
Line 4
They record what, according to the formula of taboos and restrictions, should be unmentioned.
Line 5
In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

fullest adjective US /ˈfʊləst/

superlative of “full” — containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading “NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.”

Heyward noun US /ˈheɪwərd/

United States writer (1885-1940)

From this reading “NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.”

myrtles noun US /ˈmɜːrtəlz/

plural of “myrtle” — widely cultivated as a groundcover for its dark green shiny leaves and usually blue-violet flowers

From this reading “They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.”

restrictions noun US /riˈstrɪkʃənz/

plural of “restriction” — a principle that limits the extent of something

From this reading “They record what, according to the formula of taboos and restrictions, should be unmentioned.”

socially adverb US /ˈsoʊʃəli/

by or with respect to society

From this reading “Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.”

symbols noun US /ˈsɪmbəlz/

plural of “symbol” — an arbitrary sign (written or printed) that has acquired a conventional significance

From this reading “They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.”

taboos noun US /tæˈbuːz/

plural of “taboo” — a prejudice (especially in Polynesia and other South Pacific islands) that prohibits the use or mention of something because of its sacred nature

From this reading “They record what, according to the formula of taboos and restrictions, should be unmentioned.”

widespread adjective US /ˈwaɪdˈspred/

widely circulated or diffused

From this reading “In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

significant facts adjective + noun counted as “significant fact”

In this reading “Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.”

In spite preposition + noun

In this reading “In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.”

deal more verb + adjective

In this reading “They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.”

search for verb + particle

In this reading “Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.”

All words in this reading · 95

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading They record what, according to the formula of taboos and restrictions, should be unmentioned.

AdamsnounUS /ˈædəmz/

American Revolutionary leader and patriot; an organizer of the Boston Tea Party and signer of the Declaration of Independence (1722-1803)

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

addedverbUS /ˈædəd/

past form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

AlthoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

amusingadjectiveUS /əˈmjuːzɪŋ/

providing enjoyment; pleasantly entertaining

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

authorsnounUS /ˈɔːθərz/

plural of “author” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

AwareadjectiveUS /əˈwer/

(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading They record what, according to the formula of taboos and restrictions, should be unmentioned.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

chorusnounUS /ˈkɔːrəs/

any utterance produced simultaneously by a group

From this reading In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.

colornounUS /ˈkʌlər/

a visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

comfortableadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmfərtəbəl/

providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (“comfy” is informal)

From this reading In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.

darkeradjectiveUS /ˈdɑːrkər/

comparative of “dark” — devoid of or deficient in light or brightness; shadowed or black

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

factsnounUS /fækts/

plural of “fact” — a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

folk-lorists

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

formulanounUS /ˈfɔːrmjələ/

a group of symbols that make a mathematical statement

From this reading They record what, according to the formula of taboos and restrictions, should be unmentioned.

FrankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

fullestadjectiveUS /ˈfʊləst/

superlative of “full” — containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

groupnounUS /ɡruːp/

any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

harshadjectiveUS /hɑːrʃ/

unpleasantly stern

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

HeywardnounUS /ˈheɪwərd/

United States writer (1885-1940)

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

injusticenounUS /ˌɪnˈdʒʌstɪs/

an unjust act

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

insistverbUS /ˌɪnˈsɪst/

be emphatic or resolute and refuse to budge

From this reading In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

jasmines

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

long-standingadjective

having existed for a long time

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

myrtlesnounUS /ˈmɜːrtəlz/

plural of “myrtle” — widely cultivated as a groundcover for its dark green shiny leaves and usually blue-violet flowers

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

NegronounUS /ˈniːɡroʊ/

a person with African ancestry, "Negro" and "Negroid" are archaic and pejorative today

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

NEWadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

ostrich-like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.

overlookedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊvərlʊkt/

not taken into account

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

PatternnounUS /ˈpætərn/

a perceptual structure

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

peculiaradjectiveUS /pəˈkjuːljər/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

problemnounUS /ˈprɑːbləm/

a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved

From this reading In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.

protestnounUS /ˈproʊtest/

a formal and solemn declaration of objection

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

recordnounUS /rəˈkɔːrd/

anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events

From this reading They record what, according to the formula of taboos and restrictions, should be unmentioned.

regionalists

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

registerverbUS /ˈredʒɪstər/

record in writing; enter into a book of names or events or transactions

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

restrictionsnounUS /riˈstrɪkʃənz/

plural of “restriction” — a principle that limits the extent of something

From this reading They record what, according to the formula of taboos and restrictions, should be unmentioned.

revealverbUS /rɪˈviːl/

make visible

From this reading In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.

revealedverbUS /rɪˈviːld/

past form of “reveal” — make visible

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

ROADSnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

searchverbUS /sɜːrtʃ/

try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading They record what, according to the formula of taboos and restrictions, should be unmentioned.

significantadjectiveUS /səɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

important in effect or meaning

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

sociallyadverbUS /ˈsoʊʃəli/

by or with respect to society

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

solvedadjectiveUS /sɑːlvd/

explained or answered

From this reading In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.

southernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

spitenounUS /spaɪt/

feeling a need to see others suffer

From this reading In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

symbolsnounUS /ˈsɪmbəlz/

plural of “symbol” — an arbitrary sign (written or printed) that has acquired a conventional significance

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

taboosnounUS /tæˈbuːz/

plural of “taboo” — a prejudice (especially in Polynesia and other South Pacific islands) that prohibits the use or mention of something because of its sacred nature

From this reading They record what, according to the formula of taboos and restrictions, should be unmentioned.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading They know the land of the jasmines and myrtles; but they know a great deal more about it than those gentle symbols.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

traditionnounUS /trəˈdɪʃən/

an inherited pattern of thought or action

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

unmentioned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They record what, according to the formula of taboos and restrictions, should be unmentioned.

ViolencenounUS /ˈvaɪələns/

an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists)

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading They record what, according to the formula of taboos and restrictions, should be unmentioned.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Aware that one southern tradition--that of violence--is as long-standing as any, they have added darker color to the picture of the regionalists and folk-lorists, who often in their search for the peculiar and amusing, overlooked harsh and socially significant facts.

widespreadadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪdˈspred/

widely circulated or diffused

From this reading In spite of the chorus of comfortable and ostrich-like people who insist that in their state “the problem has been solved,” they reveal a widespread pattern of violence.

WoodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

writersnounUS /ˈraɪtərz/

plural of “writer” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading NEW ROADS _The Pattern of Violence._ Although we have seen that such authors as Wood, Heyward, Adams and Frank revealed southern injustice to the Negro, it has remained for a later group of writers to register the fullest social protest.

Chapter 12 of The Negro in American fiction by Sterling A. Brown holds 288 sentences, grouped into 58 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Negro in American fiction contain?

Chapter 12 holds 288 sentences of The Negro in American fiction, unabridged, divided into 58 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Negro in American fiction by Sterling A. Brown exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 288 sentences, grouped into 58 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Negro in American fiction?

Work through the 58 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 58 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Negro in American fiction

Common questions about reading The Negro in American fiction by Sterling A. Brown on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Negro in American fiction?

Yes. All 3099 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #71171 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Negro in American fiction is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #71171, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Negro in American fiction take to read?

About 258 minutes of reading across 620 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Negro in American fiction section by section

How to work through The Negro in American fiction section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Negro in American fiction

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Negro in American fiction, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Kennikat
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Negro in American fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Press
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Negro in American fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Washington
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Negro in American fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bronze
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Negro in American fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.