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The Nether World
The Nether World

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of The Nether World is here in full — 303 sentences across 61 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/60 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.
Why, what have you been doing to your hair?’ he asked abruptly.
A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.
The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.
Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Nether World

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of The Nether World is here in full — 303 sentences across 61 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/60 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.
Line 2
Why, what have you been doing to your hair?’ he asked abruptly.
/waɪ wʌt hæv juː bɪn ˈduːɪŋ tuː jɔːr her hiː æskt əˈbrʌptli/
Line 3
A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.
Line 4
The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.
/ðə ʃɔːrt bɪrd ənd ˈwɪskərz wɜːr ˈɔːlsoʊ ʌv ˈrɪtʃər ˈkʌlər ðæn kəmˈpɔːrtəd wɪð ðə rest ʌv ðə mænz əˈpɪrəns/
Line 5
Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

comported verb US /kəmˈpɔːrtəd/

past form of “comport” — behave well or properly

From this reading “The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.”

gloss noun US /ɡlɔːs/

an explanation or definition of an obscure word in a text

From this reading “A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.”

Judging noun US /ˈdʒʌdʒɪŋ/

the cognitive process of reaching a decision or drawing conclusions

From this reading “Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.”

richer adjective US /ˈrɪtʃər/

comparative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading “The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.”

sparse adjective US /spɑːrs/

not dense

From this reading “A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.”

superfluous adjective US /ˈsuːpərflwʌs/

serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being

From this reading “A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.”

unusually adverb US /əˈnjuːʒuːəli/

to a remarkable degree or extent

From this reading “A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.”

whiskers noun US /ˈwɪskərz/

the hair growing on the lower part of a man's face

From this reading “The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

abruptlyadverbUS /əˈbrʌptli/

quickly and without warning

From this reading ‘Why, what have you been doing to your hair?’ he asked abruptly.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading ‘Why, what have you been doing to your hair?’ he asked abruptly.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

beardnounUS /bɪrd/

the hair growing on the lower part of a man's face

From this reading The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading ‘Why, what have you been doing to your hair?’ he asked abruptly.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

changedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/

made or become different in nature or form

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

colouradjectiveUS /ˈkʌlər/

having or capable of producing colors

From this reading The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.

comportedverbUS /kəmˈpɔːrtəd/

past form of “comport” — behave well or properly

From this reading The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading ‘Why, what have you been doing to your hair?’ he asked abruptly.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

FAMILYnounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

glossnounUS /ɡlɔːs/

an explanation or definition of an obscure word in a text

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

greetverbUS /ɡriːt/

express greetings upon meeting someone

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading ‘Why, what have you been doing to your hair?’ he asked abruptly.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading ‘Why, what have you been doing to your hair?’ he asked abruptly.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

Hewett's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

huenounUS /hjuː/

the quality of a color as determined by its dominant wavelength

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

JudgingnounUS /ˈdʒʌdʒɪŋ/

the cognitive process of reaching a decision or drawing conclusions

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

Kirkwood's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.

new-comer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

preservedadjectiveUS /prəˈzɜːrvd/

prevented from decaying or spoiling and prepared for future use

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

reflectedadjectiveUS /rɪˈflektɪd/

(especially of incident sound or light) bent or sent back

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.

richeradjectiveUS /ˈrɪtʃər/

comparative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.

sixtyadjectiveUS /ˈsɪksti/

being ten more than fifty

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

sparseadjectiveUS /spɑːrs/

not dense

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

strangernounUS /ˈstreɪndʒər/

anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

SUPERFLUOUSadjectiveUS /ˈsuːpərflwʌs/

serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

surprisenounUS /sərˈpraɪz/

the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY Kirkwood’s face, as he turned to greet the new-comer, changed suddenly to an expression of surprise.

two-and-fifty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

unusuallyadverbUS /əˈnjuːʒuːəli/

to a remarkable degree or extent

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading ‘Why, what have you been doing to your hair?’ he asked abruptly.

whiskersnounUS /ˈwɪskərz/

the hair growing on the lower part of a man's face

From this reading The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.

WhynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading ‘Why, what have you been doing to your hair?’ he asked abruptly.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The short beard and whiskers were also of richer colour than comported with the rest of the man’s appearance.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading A stranger would have seen nothing remarkable in John Hewett’s hair, unless he had reflected that, being so sparse, it had preserved its dark hue and its gloss somewhat unusually.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Judging from his features alone, one would have taken John for sixty at least; his years were in truth not quite two-and-fifty.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading ‘Why, what have you been doing to your hair?’ he asked abruptly.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading ‘Why, what have you been doing to your hair?’ he asked abruptly.

Chapter 2 of The Nether World by George Gissing holds 303 sentences, grouped into 61 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of The Nether World contain?

Chapter 2 holds 303 sentences of The Nether World, unabridged, divided into 61 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of The Nether World by George Gissing exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 303 sentences, grouped into 61 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of The Nether World?

Work through the 61 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 61 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Nether World

Common questions about reading The Nether World by George Gissing on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Nether World?

Yes. All 9513 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4301 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Nether World is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4301, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Nether World take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1903 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Nether World section by section

How to work through The Nether World section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Nether World to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Nether World

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Nether World, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Unyoking
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Nether World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Highways
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Nether World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Byways
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Nether World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Clerkenwell
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Nether World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.