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The Norsemen in the West
The Norsemen in the West

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Norsemen in the West is here in full — 398 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/79 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.
"Show them to me," said Karlsefin, with much interest.
"Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."
"Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.
But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Norsemen in the West

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Norsemen in the West is here in full — 398 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.
Line 2
"Show them to me," said Karlsefin, with much interest.
Line 3
"Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."
/ˈjɑːndər ðeɪ ɑːr rɪˈplaɪd ðə ˈwʊmən ˈpɔɪntɪŋ təˈwɔːrdz ə ˈsændi spɑːt ɑːn hɜːr left ənd hiː huː meɪd ðem mʌst hæv bɪn ə ˈdʒaɪənt ðeɪ ɑːr soʊ lɑːrdʒ/
Line 4
"Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.
Line 5
But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

footprints noun US /ˈfʊtprɪnts/

plural of “footprint” — a mark of a foot or shoe on a surface

From this reading “"Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.”

giant noun US /ˈdʒaɪənt/

any creature of exceptional size

From this reading “"Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."”

huts noun US /hʌts/

plural of “hut” — temporary military shelter

From this reading “But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.”

pointing verb US /ˈpɔɪntɪŋ/

-ing form of “point” — indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively

From this reading “"Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."”

sand noun US /sænd/

a loose material consisting of grains of rock or coral

From this reading “"Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.”

sandy adjective US /ˈsændi/

of hair color; pale yellowish to yellowish brown

From this reading “"Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."”

Scots noun US /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading “"Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.”

Yonder adjective US /ˈjɑːndər/

distant but within sight (“yon” is dialectal)

From this reading “"Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.

comfortableadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmfərtəbəl/

providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (“comfy” is informal)

From this reading But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

dangerousadjectiveUS /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/

involving or causing danger or risk; liable to hurt or harm

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

footprintsnounUS /ˈfʊtprɪnts/

plural of “footprint” — a mark of a foot or shoe on a surface

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

giantnounUS /ˈdʒaɪənt/

any creature of exceptional size

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

Gunhild

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

hutsnounUS /hʌts/

plural of “hut” — temporary military shelter

From this reading But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading "Show them to me," said Karlsefin, with much interest.

Karlsefin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Show them to me," said Karlsefin, with much interest.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

laughingadjectiveUS /ˈlæfɪŋ/

showing or feeling mirth or pleasure or happiness

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "Show them to me," said Karlsefin, with much interest.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading "Show them to me," said Karlsefin, with much interest.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

NeverthelessadverbUS /ˌnevərðəˈles/

in spite of what has just been said

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

observedadjectiveUS /əbˈzɜːrvd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

pointingverbUS /ˈpɔɪntɪŋ/

-ing form of “point” — indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

remarkedverbUS /rɪˈmɑːrkt/

past form of “remark” — make mention of

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

repliedverbUS /rɪˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “reply” — react verbally

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "Show them to me," said Karlsefin, with much interest.

sandnounUS /sænd/

a loose material consisting of grains of rock or coral

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

sandyadjectiveUS /ˈsændi/

of hair color; pale yellowish to yellowish brown

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

ScotsnounUS /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

ShowverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading "Show them to me," said Karlsefin, with much interest.

Sigrid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

supper-time

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading "Show them to me," said Karlsefin, with much interest.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "Show them to me," said Karlsefin, with much interest.

toothachenoun

an ache localized in or around a tooth

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

TrulyadverbUS /ˈtruːli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading "Truly, a dangerous giant to meet with," observed Karlsefin, laughing, when he reached the place, "these are none other, Gunhild, than the footprints of the bear that the two Scots sent away with the toothache.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading But come, we will open these huts and have them put in order and made comfortable against supper-time.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "Show them to me," said Karlsefin, with much interest.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading "Nevertheless, Sigrid and I have seen footprints in the sand," remarked the woman Gunhild, coming up at that moment.

YonderadjectiveUS /ˈjɑːndər/

distant but within sight (“yon” is dialectal)

From this reading "Yonder they are," replied the woman, pointing towards a sandy spot on her left, "and he who made them must have been a giant, they are so large."

Chapter 4 of The Norsemen in the West by R. M. (Robert Michael) Ballantyne holds 398 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Norsemen in the West contain?

Chapter 4 holds 398 sentences of The Norsemen in the West, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Norsemen in the West by R. M. (Robert Michael) Ballantyne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 398 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Norsemen in the West?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Norsemen in the West

Common questions about reading The Norsemen in the West by R. M. (Robert Michael) Ballantyne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Norsemen in the West?

Yes. All 3988 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21753 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Norsemen in the West is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #21753, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Norsemen in the West take to read?

About 332 minutes of reading across 798 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Norsemen in the West

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Norsemen in the West, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Norsemen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Norsemen in the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ballantyne
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Norsemen in the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chapter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Norsemen in the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
America
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Norsemen in the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.