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The Old Dominion
The Old Dominion

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Old Dominion is here in full — 425 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Old Dominion
Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.
The mulatto looked about him with an evil eye.
"My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.
"He will not make the worse conspirator for that.
And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Old Dominion

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Old Dominion is here in full — 425 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.
Line 2
The mulatto looked about him with an evil eye.
/ðə məˈlɑːtoʊ lʊkt əˈbaʊt hɪm wɪð æn ˈiːvəl aɪ/
Line 3
"My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.
/maɪ frend hæz bɪn ɪn ˈtrʌbəl ɪt ɪz truː hiː sed stɪl ˈveri ˈsmuːðli/
Line 4
"He will not make the worse conspirator for that.
/hiː wɪl nɑːt meɪk ðə wɜːrs kənˈspɪrətər fɔːr ðæt/
Line 5
And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

commotion noun US /kəˈmoʊʃən/

a disorderly outburst or tumult

From this reading “This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.”

conspirator noun US /kənˈspɪrətər/

a member of a conspiracy

From this reading “"He will not make the worse conspirator for that.”

created verb US /kriˈeɪtəd/

past form of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading “This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.”

difference noun US /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading “And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?”

mulatto noun US /məˈlɑːtoʊ/

an offspring of a black and a white parent

From this reading “The mulatto looked about him with an evil eye.”

smoothly adverb US /ˈsmuːðli/

with no problems or difficulties

From this reading “"My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.”

speech noun US /spiːtʃ/

the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading “This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.”

worthy adjective US /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading “And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

evil eye noun + noun

a look that is believed to have the power of inflicting harm

In this reading “The mulatto looked about him with an evil eye.”

make a difference verb + article + noun counted as “make … difference”

In this reading “And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?”

looked about verb + particle counted as “look about”

In this reading “The mulatto looked about him with an evil eye.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The mulatto looked about him with an evil eye.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The mulatto looked about him with an evil eye.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?

commotionnounUS /kəˈmoʊʃən/

a disorderly outburst or tumult

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?

conspiratornounUS /kənˈspɪrətər/

a member of a conspiracy

From this reading "He will not make the worse conspirator for that.

createdverbUS /kriˈeɪtəd/

past form of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?

evilnounUS /ˈiːvəl/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading The mulatto looked about him with an evil eye.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading The mulatto looked about him with an evil eye.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "He will not make the worse conspirator for that.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The mulatto looked about him with an evil eye.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The mulatto looked about him with an evil eye.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading "He will not make the worse conspirator for that.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

mulattonounUS /məˈlɑːtoʊ/

an offspring of a black and a white parent

From this reading The mulatto looked about him with an evil eye.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "He will not make the worse conspirator for that.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?

Señors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?

smoothlyadverbUS /ˈsmuːðli/

with no problems or difficulties

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

smug-faced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

speechnounUS /spiːtʃ/

the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "He will not make the worse conspirator for that.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading This speech of the smug-faced man created something of a commotion, and one or two started to their feet.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading "My friend has been in trouble, it is true," he said, still very smoothly.

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading "He will not make the worse conspirator for that.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The mulatto looked about him with an evil eye.

worseadjectiveUS /wɜːrs/

(comparative of “bad”) inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability

From this reading "He will not make the worse conspirator for that.

worthyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading And why, worthy Señors, should you make a difference between him and one other I see in company?

Chapter 4 of The Old Dominion by Mary Johnston holds 425 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Old Dominion contain?

Chapter 4 holds 425 sentences of The Old Dominion, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Old Dominion by Mary Johnston exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 425 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Old Dominion?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Old Dominion

Common questions about reading The Old Dominion by Mary Johnston on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Old Dominion?

Yes. All 6359 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48258 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Old Dominion is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48258, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Old Dominion take to read?

About 529 minutes of reading across 1272 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Old Dominion section by section

How to work through The Old Dominion section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of The Old Dominion to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Old Dominion

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Old Dominion, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old Dominion; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Order
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old Dominion; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Company
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old Dominion; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Audrey
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old Dominion; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.