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The Old East Indiamen
The Old East Indiamen

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of The Old East Indiamen is here in full — 112 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
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THE WARREN HASTINGS AND THE PIÉMONTAISE One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.
The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.
James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.
And I shall make no apology for availing myself of his detailed story.
The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Old East Indiamen

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of The Old East Indiamen is here in full — 112 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THEWARREN HASTINGSAND THEPIÉMONTAISEOne of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.
Line 2
The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.
Line 3
James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.
/dʒeɪmz hæz ˈhæpəli prəˈzɜːrvd tuː pɑːˈsterəti ə fʊl əˈkaʊnt ʌv ðɪs ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ɪn sʌm ˈɪnstənsəz hiː hæz nɑːt ˈɔːlweɪz dʌn fʊl ˈkredət tuː ðə ˈɡæləntri ənd dɪˌtɜːrməˈneɪʃən ʌv ðiːz ˈmɜːr.tʃənt ʃɪps/
Line 4
And I shall make no apology for availing myself of his detailed story.
Line 5
The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

affords verb US /əˈfɔːrdz/

third-person singular of “afford” — be able to spare or give up

From this reading “The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.”

detailed adjective US /dɪˈteɪld/

developed or executed with care and in minute detail

From this reading “And I shall make no apology for availing myself of his detailed story.”

duels noun US /ˈduːəlz/

plural of “duel” — a prearranged fight with deadly weapons by two people (accompanied by seconds) in order to settle a quarrel over a point of honor

From this reading “THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.”

gallantry noun US /ˈɡæləntri/

the qualities of a hero or heroine; exceptional or heroic courage when facing danger (especially in battle)

From this reading “James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.”

haul verb US /hɔːl/

draw slowly or heavily

From this reading “THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.”

hostilities noun US /hɑːˈstɪlətiz/

fighting; acts of overt warfare

From this reading “The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.”

posterity noun US /pɑːˈsterəti/

all of the offspring of a given progenitor

From this reading “James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.”

tons noun US /tʌnz/

a large number or amount

From this reading “The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

several times adjective + noun

In this reading “THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.”

four hours noun + noun

In this reading “THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.”

excellent example adjective + noun

In this reading “The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.”

haul off verb + particle

take away by means of a vehicle

In this reading “THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.”

most gallant adverb + adjective

In this reading “THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.”

full account adjective + noun

In this reading “James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.”

consisted of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.”

full credit adjective + noun

In this reading “James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.”

All words in this reading · 108

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1200

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.

1805

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

196

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.

44

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

affordsverbUS /əˈfɔːrdz/

third-person singular of “afford” — be able to spare or give up

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

apologynounUS /əˈpɑːlədʒiː/

an expression of regret at having caused trouble for someone

From this reading And I shall make no apology for availing myself of his detailed story.

armedadjectiveUS /ɑːrmd/

(used of persons or the military) characterized by having or bearing arms

From this reading The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

availing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And I shall make no apology for availing myself of his detailed story.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.

capturedverbUS /ˈkæptʃərd/

past form of “capture” — succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

compelledverbUS /kəmˈpeld/

inflected form of “compel” — force somebody to do something

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

consistedverbUS /kənˈsɪstəd/

past form of “consist” — originate

From this reading The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.

creditnounUS /ˈkredət/

approval

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

crewnounUS /kruː/

the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.

detailedadjectiveUS /dɪˈteɪld/

developed or executed with care and in minute detail

From this reading And I shall make no apology for availing myself of his detailed story.

determinationnounUS /dɪˌtɜːrməˈneɪʃən/

the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

duelsnounUS /ˈduːəlz/

plural of “duel” — a prearranged fight with deadly weapons by two people (accompanied by seconds) in order to settle a quarrel over a point of honor

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

EastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

engagementnounUS /enˈɡeɪdʒmənt/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

eventuallyadverbUS /ɪˈventʃəwəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

excellentadjectiveUS /ˈeksələnt/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

featurenounUS /ˈfiːtʃər/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

foughtverbUS /fɔːt/

inflected form of “fight” — be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

gallantadjectiveUS /ˈɡælənt/

unflinching in battle or action

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

gallantrynounUS /ˈɡæləntri/

the qualities of a hero or heroine; exceptional or heroic courage when facing danger (especially in battle)

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

gunsnounUS /ɡʌnz/

plural of “gun” — a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.

happilyadverbUS /ˈhæpəli/

in a joyous manner

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

HASTINGSnounUS /ˈheɪstɪŋz/

United States architect who formed and important architectural firm with John Merven Carrere (1860-1929)

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

haulverbUS /hɔːl/

draw slowly or heavily

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading And I shall make no apology for availing myself of his detailed story.

hostilitiesnounUS /hɑːˈstɪlətiz/

fighting; acts of overt warfare

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading And I shall make no apology for availing myself of his detailed story.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

incidentnounUS /ˈɪnsədənt/

a single distinct event

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

Indiamen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

instancesnounUS /ˈɪnstənsəz/

plural of “instance” — an occurrence of something

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

lastedverbUS /ˈlæstəd/

past form of “last” — persist for a specified period of time

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading And I shall make no apology for availing myself of his detailed story.

man-of-warnoun

a warship intended for combat

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.

merchantnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading And I shall make no apology for availing myself of his detailed story.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading And I shall make no apology for availing myself of his detailed story.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

occurredverbUS /əˈkɜːrd/

inflected form of “occur” — come to pass

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

PIÉMONTAISE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

posteritynounUS /pɑːˈsterəti/

all of the offspring of a given progenitor

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

preservedadjectiveUS /prəˈzɜːrvd/

prevented from decaying or spoiling and prepared for future use

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

readinessnounUS /ˈredinəs/

the state of having been made ready or prepared for use or action (especially military action)

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading And I shall make no apology for availing myself of his detailed story.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

shipsnounUS /ʃɪps/

plural of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The incident, in fact, affords an excellent example of the readiness for hostilities which was so marked a feature of the old East Indiamen.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading And I shall make no apology for availing myself of his detailed story.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading James has happily preserved to posterity a full account of this, although in some instances he has not always done full credit to the gallantry and determination of these merchant ships.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

tonsnounUS /tʌnz/

a large number or amount

From this reading The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.

vesselnounUS /ˈvesəl/

a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.

WARRENnounUS /ˈwɔːrən/

United States writer and poet (1905-1989)

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The _Warren Hastings_ was a vessel of 1200 tons, was armed with 44 guns, and her crew consisted of 196 men and boys.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading THE “WARREN HASTINGS” AND THE “PIÉMONTAISE” One of the most gallant duels which was ever fought between a merchant ship and a man-of-war is that which occurred in the year 1805: and though eventually the former was at last captured, yet the engagement none the less remains to her credit, since the fight lasted for four hours and the enemy was compelled to haul off several times during the action.

Chapter 21 of The Old East Indiamen by E. Keble (Edward Keble) Chatterton holds 112 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of The Old East Indiamen contain?

Chapter 21 holds 112 sentences of The Old East Indiamen, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of The Old East Indiamen by E. Keble (Edward Keble) Chatterton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 112 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of The Old East Indiamen?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Old East Indiamen

Common questions about reading The Old East Indiamen by E. Keble (Edward Keble) Chatterton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Old East Indiamen?

Yes. All 3333 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #54561 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Old East Indiamen is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #54561, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Old East Indiamen take to read?

About 277 minutes of reading across 667 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Old East Indiamen section by section

How to work through The Old East Indiamen section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 23 chapters of The Old East Indiamen to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Old East Indiamen

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Old East Indiamen, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old East Indiamen; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old East Indiamen; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Invite
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old East Indiamen; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Reader
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old East Indiamen; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.