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The Old Man
The Old Man

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Old Man is here in full — 94 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Old Man
Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.
[Sidenote: AN OBLIGING CICERONE.]
As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.
He has the appearance of one with whom the world has gone smoothly.
His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Old Man

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Old Man is here in full — 94 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.
Line 2
[Sidenote: AN OBLIGING CICERONE.]
Line 3
As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.
Line 4
He has the appearance of one with whom the world has gone smoothly.
/hiː hæz ðə əˈpɪrəns ʌv wʌn wɪð huːm ðə wɜːrld hæz ɡɔːn ˈsmuːðli/
Line 5
His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cicerone noun US /ˈsɪsəroʊn/

a guide who conducts and informs sightseers

From this reading “[Sidenote: AN OBLIGING CICERONE.]”

convex adjective US /kənˈveks/

curving or bulging outward

From this reading “His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.”

corduroy noun US /ˈkɔːrdərɔɪ/

a cut pile fabric with vertical ribs; usually made of cotton

From this reading “As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.”

crags noun US /kræɡz/

plural of “crag” — a steep rugged rock or cliff

From this reading “THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.”

defection noun US /dɪˈfekʃən/

withdrawing support or help despite allegiance or responsibility

From this reading “THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.”

incumbent adjective US /ˌɪnˈkʌmbənt/

lying or leaning on something else

From this reading “THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.”

loiter verb US /ˈlɔɪtər/

be about

From this reading “As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.”

pervading verb US /pərˈveɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “pervade” — spread or diffuse through

From this reading “His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

double chin verb + noun

a fold of fatty tissue under the chin

In this reading “His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.”

CHURCH CLOCK noun + noun

In this reading “THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.”

black coat adjective + noun

In this reading “As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.”

loiter about verb + particle

In this reading “As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.”

FROM THE SUMMIT preposition + article + noun counted as “from … summit”

In this reading “THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.”

OLD CHURCH adjective + noun

In this reading “THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.”

All words in this reading · 117

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading [Sidenote: AN OBLIGING CICERONE.]

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

APPEARANCEnounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

arrayedadjectiveUS /ərˈeɪd/

in ceremonial attire and paraphernalia

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

ASCENTnounUS /əˈsent/

an upward slope or grade (as in a road)

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

BADadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

bellynounUS /ˈbeli/

the region of the body of a vertebrate between the thorax and the pelvis

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

benevolentadjectiveUS /bəˈnevələnt/

intending or showing kindness

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

BRITISHnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

CAMPnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

CAUSESnounUS /ˈkɑːzəz/

plural of “cause” — events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

cheerfuladjectiveUS /ˈtʃɪrfəl/

being full of or promoting cheer; having or showing good spirits

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

chinnounUS /tʃɪn/

the protruding part of the lower jaw

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

CHURCHnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

church-yard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

CICERONEnounUS /ˈsɪsəroʊn/

a guide who conducts and informs sightseers

From this reading [Sidenote: AN OBLIGING CICERONE.]

CLOCKnounUS /klɑːk/

a timepiece that shows the time of day

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

coatnounUS /koʊt/

an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

CONISTONE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

contentedadjectiveUS /kənˈtentəd/

satisfied or showing satisfaction with things as they are

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

continuations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

CONTRE-TEMPS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

CONVERSATIONnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/

the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

convexadjectiveUS /kənˈveks/

curving or bulging outward

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

corduroynounUS /ˈkɔːrdərɔɪ/

a cut pile fabric with vertical ribs; usually made of cotton

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

COUNTRYnounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

CRAGSnounUS /kræɡz/

plural of “crag” — a steep rugged rock or cliff

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

CUSTOMSnounUS /ˈkʌstəmz/

money collected under a tariff

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

DEFECTIONnounUS /dɪˈfekʃən/

withdrawing support or help despite allegiance or responsibility

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

DESCENTnounUS /dɪˈsent/

An action of moving downward, dropping, or falling into a deeper place.

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

doubleverbUS /ˈdʌbəl/

increase twofold

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

DOW

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

elderlyadjectiveUS /ˈeldərli/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

endingnounUS /ˈendɪŋ/

the end of a word (a suffix or inflectional ending or final morpheme)

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

fastenedadjectiveUS /ˈfæsənd/

firmly closed or secured

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

FROMprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

GAITS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading He has the appearance of one with whom the world has gone smoothly.

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He has the appearance of one with whom the world has gone smoothly.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He has the appearance of one with whom the world has gone smoothly.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

INCUMBENTadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkʌmbənt/

lying or leaning on something else

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

indicateverbUS /ˈɪndəkeɪt/

be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

inevitablyadverbUS /ˌɪˈnevətəbli/

in such a manner as could not be otherwise

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

kneesnounUS /niːz/

plural of “knee” — hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

leathernounUS /ˈleðər/

an animal skin made smooth and flexible by removing the hair and then tanning

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

linedadjectiveUS /laɪnd/

bordered by a line of things

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

loiterverbUS /ˈlɔɪtər/

be about

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

lotnounUS /lɑːt/

(often followed by “of”) a large number or amount or extent

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

MANNERnounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

muttonnounUS /ˈmʌtən/

meat from a mature domestic sheep

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

never-mention-thems

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

OBLIGINGadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒɪŋ/

showing a cheerful willingness to do favors for others

From this reading [Sidenote: AN OBLIGING CICERONE.]

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

OLDadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He has the appearance of one with whom the world has gone smoothly.

peacefuladjectiveUS /ˈpiːsfəl/

not disturbed by strife or turmoil or war

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

personagenoun

another word for person; a person not meriting identification

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

pervadingverbUS /pərˈveɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “pervade” — spread or diffuse through

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

PREACHINGnounUS /ˈpriːtʃɪŋ/

an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

PRESENTverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

RETURNverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

salutedverbUS /səˈluːtɪd/

past form of “salute” — propose a toast to

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

SCARnounUS /skɑːr/

a mark left (usually on the skin) by the healing of injured tissue

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

SEATHWAITE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

shoesnounUS /ʃuːz/

a particular situation

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

shouldersnounUS /ˈʃoʊldərz/

plural of “shoulder” — the part of the body between the neck and the upper arm

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

Sidenote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Sidenote: AN OBLIGING CICERONE.]

smoothlyadverbUS /ˈsmuːðli/

with no problems or difficulties

From this reading He has the appearance of one with whom the world has gone smoothly.

stockingsnounUS /ˈstɑːkɪŋz/

plural of “stocking” — close-fitting hosiery to cover the foot and leg; come in matched pairs (usually used in the plural)

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

sturdyadjectiveUS /ˈstɜːrdi/

having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

SUMMITnounUS /ˈsʌmət/

the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

TOWNnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

under-limbs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

UNDERCRAG

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

VALEnounUS /veɪl/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

venerableadjectiveUS /ˈvenərəbəl/

impressive by reason of age

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

VERSUS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

VIEWnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

WALNA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

WATERnounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

well-developed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

whangs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He has the appearance of one with whom the world has gone smoothly.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading His double chin, broad convex shoulders, “fair round belly with” fell mutton “lined,” sturdy, well-developed under-limbs, and, above all, the cheerful and benevolent expression pervading his venerable features, all indicate one whose lot in life has been peaceful, happy, and contented.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

WITHINprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading THE PRESENT INCUMBENT OF SEATHWAITE—HIS APPEARANCE, MANNER, CONVERSATION, AND PREACHING—A CONTRE-TEMPS—CAUSES OF DEFECTION—UNDERCRAG—“A VALE WITHIN A VALE”—“THE OLD CHURCH CLOCK”—“BAD CUSTOMS”—COUNTRY VERSUS TOWN—ASCENT OF WALNA SCAR—OLD BRITISH CAMP?—VIEW FROM THE SUMMIT AND DESCENT OF WALNA SCAR—GAITS WATER AND DOW CRAGS—RETURN TO CONISTONE.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading He has the appearance of one with whom the world has gone smoothly.

yarnnounUS /jɑːrn/

the act of giving an account describing incidents or a course of events

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading As you loiter about the church-yard, you will be inevitably saluted by an elderly personage arrayed in an elderly black coat, corduroy “never-mention-thems” ending at the knees, dark rough yarn stockings, by way of continuations, and strong country made shoes fastened with leather whangs.

Chapter 7 of The Old Man by Alexander Craig Gibson holds 94 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Old Man contain?

Chapter 7 holds 94 sentences of The Old Man, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Old Man by Alexander Craig Gibson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 94 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Old Man?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Old Man

Common questions about reading The Old Man by Alexander Craig Gibson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Old Man?

Yes. All 1171 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56462 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Old Man is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56462, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Old Man take to read?

About 97 minutes of reading across 235 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Old Man section by section

How to work through The Old Man section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of The Old Man to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Old Man

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Old Man, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Ravings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old Man; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ramblings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old Man; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Round
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old Man; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Conistone
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old Man; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.