Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Old Merchant Marine
The Old Merchant Marine

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Old Merchant Marine is here in full — 180 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Old Merchant Marine
Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.
The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.
It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.
The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.
Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Old Merchant Marine

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Old Merchant Marine is here in full — 180 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.
/wʌn θɪŋks ʌv ðə oʊld ˈmɜːr.tʃənt mərˈiːn ɪn tɜːrmz ʌv ðə ˈklɪpər ʃɪp ənd ˈdɪstənt pɔːrts/
Line 2
The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.
Line 3
It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.
/ɪt ɪz ə ˈtræfɪk wɪtʃ ˈflɜːrɪʃt frʌm ðə bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ ˌɪnˈdʒiːnjəsli əˈdæptɪŋ ˌɪtˈself tuː nuː kənˈdɪʃənz ənˈtʃekt baɪ wɔːr ənd sərˈvaɪvɪŋ wɪð ˈsplendɪd ˈvɪɡər ˈʌndər stiːm ənd seɪl ɪn ðɪs ˈmɑːdərn ˈerə/
Line 4
The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.
Line 5
Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adapting verb US /əˈdæptɪŋ/

-ing form of “adapt” — make fit for, or change to suit a new purpose

From this reading “It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.”

clipper noun US /ˈklɪpər/

(electronics) a nonlinear electronic circuit whose output is limited in amplitude; used to limit the instantaneous amplitude of a waveform (to clip off the peaks of a waveform)

From this reading “One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.”

coasting verb US /ˈkoʊstɪŋ/

-ing form of “coast” — move effortlessly; by force of gravity

From this reading “The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.”

fleets noun US /fliːts/

plural of “fleet” — group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading “The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.”

ingeniously adverb US /ˌɪnˈdʒiːnjəsli/

in an ingenious manner

From this reading “It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.”

shoals noun US /ʃoʊlz/

plural of “shoal” — a sandbank in a stretch of water that is visible at low tide

From this reading “Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.”

tempestuous adjective US /ˌtemˈpestʃuːəs/

characterized by violent emotions or behavior

From this reading “The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.”

unchecked adjective US /ənˈtʃekt/

not restrained or controlled

From this reading “It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1859

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

adaptingverbUS /əˈdæptɪŋ/

-ing form of “adapt” — make fit for, or change to suit a new purpose

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

adventureverbUS /ædˈventʃər/

take a risk in the hope of a favorable outcome

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

AtlanticnounUS /ətˈlæntɪk/

the 2nd largest ocean; separates North and South America on the west from Europe and Africa on the east

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

besetverbUS /bɪˈset/

annoy continually or chronically

From this reading Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

clippernounUS /ˈklɪpər/

(electronics) a nonlinear electronic circuit whose output is limited in amplitude; used to limit the instantaneous amplitude of a waveform (to clip off the peaks of a waveform)

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

coastingverbUS /ˈkoʊstɪŋ/

-ing form of “coast” — move effortlessly; by force of gravity

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

coastwiseadjective

along or following a coast

From this reading Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.

commercenounUS /ˈkɑːmərs/

transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

conditionsnounUS /kənˈdɪʃənz/

the prevailing context that influences the performance or the outcome of a process

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

decaynounUS /dɪˈkeɪ/

the process of gradually becoming inferior

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

deep-wateradjective

of or carried on in waters of great depth

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

eranounUS /ˈerə/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

fleetsnounUS /fliːts/

plural of “fleet” — group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

flourishedverbUS /ˈflɜːrɪʃt/

past form of “flourish” — grow vigorously

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

FognounUS /fɑːɡ/

droplets of water vapor suspended in the air near the ground

From this reading Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.

frequentverbUS /ˈfriːkwənt/

do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of

From this reading Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

hazardousadjectiveUS /ˈhæzərdəs/

involving risk or danger

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

ingeniouslyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdʒiːnjəsli/

in an ingenious manner

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

ketches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

largeradjectiveUS /ˈlɑːrdʒər/

large or big relative to something else

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

leenounUS /liː/

United States filmmaker whose works explore the richness of black culture in America (born in 1957)

From this reading Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.

marineadjectiveUS /mərˈiːn/

of or relating to the sea

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

merchantnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

misfortunenounUS /mɪˈsfɔːrtʃən/

unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

overlookedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊvərlʊkt/

not taken into account

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

overtakenverbUS /ˈoʊvərteɪkən/

inflected form of “overtake” — catch up with and possibly overtake

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

pioneersnounUS /ˌpaɪəˈnɪrz/

plural of “pioneer” — someone who helps to open up a new line of research or technology or art

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

pitifullyadverbUS /ˈpɪtɪfəli/

to a pitiful degree

From this reading Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.

portnounUS /pɔːrt/

a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

portsnounUS /pɔːrts/

plural of “port” — a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

prolongedadjectiveUS /prəˈlɔːŋd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

sailorsnounUS /ˈseɪlərz/

plural of “sailor” — any member of a ship's crew

From this reading Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.

seafaringnoun

the work of a sailor

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

shallops

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

shipwrecks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.

shoalsnounUS /ʃoʊlz/

plural of “shoal” — a sandbank in a stretch of water that is visible at low tide

From this reading Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.

shoresnounUS /ʃɔːrz/

plural of “shore” — the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

sloops

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

songnounUS /sɔːŋ/

a short musical composition with words

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

splendidadjectiveUS /ˈsplendɪd/

having great beauty and splendor

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

steamverbUS /stiːm/

travel by means of steam power

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

survivingadjectiveUS /sərˈvaɪvɪŋ/

still in existence

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

tempestuousadjectiveUS /ˌtemˈpestʃuːəs/

characterized by violent emotions or behavior

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

termsnounUS /tɜːrmz/

status with respect to the relations between people or groups

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.

thinksnounUS /θɪŋks/

plural of “think” — an instance of deliberate thinking

From this reading One thinks of the old merchant marine in terms of the clipper ship and distant ports.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

tinyadjectiveUS /ˈtaɪni/

very small

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

trafficnounUS /ˈtræfɪk/

the aggregation of things (pedestrians or vehicles) coming and going in a particular locality during a specified period of time

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

uncheckedadjectiveUS /ənˈtʃekt/

not restrained or controlled

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

vigornounUS /ˈvɪɡər/

forceful exertion

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

VirginianounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjə/

a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

voyagenounUS /ˈvɔɪədʒ/

an act of traveling by water

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Fog and shoals and lee shores beset these coastwise sailors, and shipwrecks were pitifully frequent.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It is a traffic which flourished from the beginning, ingeniously adapting itself to new conditions, unchecked by war, and surviving with splendid vigor, under steam and sail, in this modern era.

wonnounUS /wʌn/

the basic unit of money in South Korea

From this reading The seafaring pioneers won their way from port to port of the tempestuous Atlantic coast in tiny ketches, sloops, and shallops when the voyage of five hundred miles from New England to Virginia was a prolonged and hazardous adventure.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading The coasting trade has been overlooked in song and story; yet, since the year 1859, its fleets have always been larger and more important than the American deep-water commerce nor have decay and misfortune overtaken them.

Chapter 10 of The Old Merchant Marine by Ralph Delahaye Paine holds 180 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Old Merchant Marine contain?

Chapter 10 holds 180 sentences of The Old Merchant Marine, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Old Merchant Marine by Ralph Delahaye Paine exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 180 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Old Merchant Marine?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Old Merchant Marine

Common questions about reading The Old Merchant Marine by Ralph Delahaye Paine on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Old Merchant Marine?

Yes. All 1561 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3099 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Old Merchant Marine is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3099, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Old Merchant Marine take to read?

About 130 minutes of reading across 313 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Old Merchant Marine section by section

How to work through The Old Merchant Marine section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of The Old Merchant Marine to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Old Merchant Marine

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Old Merchant Marine, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old Merchant Marine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
American
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old Merchant Marine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ships
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old Merchant Marine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sailors
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Old Merchant Marine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.