Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

later than; following

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

in addition

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

a state in south central United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

the childhood of a boy

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

a ravine formed by a river in an area with little rainfall

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sides were then ceiled and roofed, and it served its purpose of a trading-post.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

past form of “erect” — construct, build, or erect

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

to certain extent or degree

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

widely known and esteemed

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

having or given a form or shape

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

the dressed hairy coat of a mammal

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

equally distant from the extremes

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

plural of “hunter” — someone who hunts game

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

past form of “initiate” — bring into being

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The sides were then ceiled and roofed, and it served its purpose of a trading-post.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

apprehended with certainty

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

a native or inhabitant of Mexico

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

the northwestern region of the United States

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

plural of “picket” — a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

plural of “prairie” — a treeless grassy plain

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

belonging to an early stage of technical development; characterized by simplicity and (often) crudeness

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

a member of any of about two dozen Native American peoples called “Pueblos” by the Spanish because they live in pueblos (villages built of adobe and rock)

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading The sides were then ceiled and roofed, and it served its purpose of a trading-post.

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

covered with a roof; having a roof as specified (often used in combination)

From this reading The sides were then ceiled and roofed, and it served its purpose of a trading-post.

socially incorrect in behavior

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

past form of “serve” — serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading The sides were then ceiled and roofed, and it served its purpose of a trading-post.

established or decided beyond dispute or doubt

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The sides were then ceiled and roofed, and it served its purpose of a trading-post.

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

the money risked on a gamble

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

fortification consisting of a fence made of a line of stout posts set firmly for defense

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading It was, of course, a rude affair, formed of long stakes or pickets driven into the ground, after the Mexican style known as jacal.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The sides were then ceiled and roofed, and it served its purpose of a trading-post.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

plural of “town” — an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading This primitive fort was situated on the left or north bank of the river, about halfway between Pueblo and Canyon City, those beautiful mountain towns of to-day.

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sides were then ceiled and roofed, and it served its purpose of a trading-post.

(psychoanalysis) the process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another; during psychoanalysis the displacement of feelings toward others (usually the parents) is onto the analyst

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

someone who sets traps for animals (usually to obtain their furs)

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

plural of “trapper” — someone who sets traps for animals (usually to obtain their furs)

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

the topmost one of two

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.

at the time that

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

in or at the place that

From this reading In 1826, almost immediately after the transference of the fur trade to the valley of the Arkansas, when the commerce of the prairies was fairly initiated, the three Bents and Ceran St. Vrain, also a French-Canadian and trapper, settled on the Upper Arkansas, where they erected a stockade.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The famous Bent brothers, William, George, Robert, and Charles, were French-Canadian hunters and trappers, and had been employed almost from boyhood, in the early days of the border, by the American Fur Company in the mountains of the Northwest.