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The Oppressed English
The Oppressed English

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Oppressed English is here in full — 357 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Oppressed English
Context Illustration Reading 1/71 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.
As a Scotsman, the English people have my profound sympathy.
In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.
In practice, what is he?
The whipping-boy of the British Empire.
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Oppressed English

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Oppressed English is here in full — 357 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/71 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.
Line 2
As a Scotsman, the English people have my profound sympathy.
/æz ə ˈskɑːtsmən ðə ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ˈpiːpəl hæv maɪ proʊˈfaʊnd ˈsɪmpəθi/
Line 3
In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.
Line 4
In practice, what is he?
/ɪn ˈpræktəs wʌt ɪz hiː/
Line 5
The whipping-boy of the British Empire.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arrogant adjective US /ˈerəɡənt/

having or showing feelings of unwarranted importance out of overbearing pride

From this reading “In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.”

comic adjective US /ˈkɑːmɪk/

arousing or provoking laughter

From this reading “In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.”

countries noun US /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading “In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.”

depicted adjective US /dɪˈpɪktəd/

represented graphically by sketch or design or lines

From this reading “In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.”

Empire noun US /ˈempaɪər/

the domain ruled by an emperor or empress; the region over which imperial dominion is exercised

From this reading “The whipping-boy of the British Empire.”

Englishman noun US /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃmən/

a man who is a native or inhabitant of England

From this reading “In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.”

Scotsman noun US /ˈskɑːtsmən/

a native or inhabitant of Scotland

From this reading “As a Scotsman, the English people have my profound sympathy.”

tyrannical adjective US /tərˈænɪkəl/

marked by unjust severity or arbitrary behavior

From this reading “In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

comic papers adjective + noun

In this reading “In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.”

Hundred Thousand noun + noun

the cardinal number that is the fifth power of ten

In this reading “Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.”

All words in this reading · 44

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

arrogantadjectiveUS /ˈerəɡənt/

having or showing feelings of unwarranted importance out of overbearing pride

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As a Scotsman, the English people have my profound sympathy.

AuthornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading The whipping-boy of the British Empire.

comicadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmɪk/

arousing or provoking laughter

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

countriesnounUS /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

depictedadjectiveUS /dɪˈpɪktəd/

represented graphically by sketch or design or lines

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

EmpirenounUS /ˈempaɪər/

the domain ruled by an emperor or empress; the region over which imperial dominion is exercised

From this reading The whipping-boy of the British Empire.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading As a Scotsman, the English people have my profound sympathy.

EnglishmannounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃmən/

a man who is a native or inhabitant of England

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

Etc

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.

GettingnounUS /ˈɡetɪŋ/

the act of acquiring something

From this reading Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading As a Scotsman, the English people have my profound sympathy.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In practice, what is he?

HundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

MatchverbUS /mætʃ/

be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics

From this reading Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading As a Scotsman, the English people have my profound sympathy.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

papersnounUS /ˈpeɪpərz/

writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading As a Scotsman, the English people have my profound sympathy.

practicenounUS /ˈpræktəs/

a customary way of operation or behavior

From this reading In practice, what is he?

profoundadjectiveUS /proʊˈfaʊnd/

showing intellectual penetration or emotional depth

From this reading As a Scotsman, the English people have my profound sympathy.

purseproud

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

SafetynounUS /ˈseɪfti/

the state of being certain that adverse effects will not be caused by some agent under defined conditions

From this reading Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.

ScotsmannounUS /ˈskɑːtsmən/

a native or inhabitant of Scotland

From this reading As a Scotsman, the English people have my profound sympathy.

stupidadjectiveUS /ˈstuːpəd/

lacking or marked by lack of intellectual acuity

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

sympathynounUS /ˈsɪmpəθi/

an inclination to support or be loyal to or to agree with an opinion

From this reading As a Scotsman, the English people have my profound sympathy.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.

thick-skinnedadjective

insensitive to criticism

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

ThousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.

TogetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading Author of "The First Hundred Thousand," "Getting Together," "A Safety Match," Etc.

tyrannicaladjectiveUS /tərˈænɪkəl/

marked by unjust severity or arbitrary behavior

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In the comic papers of all countries the Englishman is depicted--or was in the days of peace--as stupid, purseproud, thick-skinned, arrogant, and tyrannical.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading In practice, what is he?

whipping-boy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The whipping-boy of the British Empire.

Chapter 1 of The Oppressed English by Ian Hay holds 357 sentences, grouped into 72 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Oppressed English contain?

Chapter 1 holds 357 sentences of The Oppressed English, unabridged, divided into 72 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Oppressed English by Ian Hay exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 357 sentences, grouped into 72 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Oppressed English?

Work through the 72 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 72 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Oppressed English

Common questions about reading The Oppressed English by Ian Hay on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Oppressed English?

Yes. All 357 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #41448 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Oppressed English is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #41448, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Oppressed English take to read?

About 29 minutes of reading across 72 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Oppressed English section by section

How to work through The Oppressed English section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of The Oppressed English to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Oppressed English

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Oppressed English, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Oppressed English; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Oppressed English; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hundred
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Oppressed English; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thousand
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Oppressed English; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.