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The optimist
The optimist

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The optimist is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The optimist
Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Canon looked surprised.
I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.
Our evening readings-aloud have seen to that.”
Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.
Do eschew the use of slang _absolutely_, at least in writing!
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The optimist

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The optimist is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Canon looked surprised.
/ðə ˈkænən lʊkt sərˈpraɪzd/
Line 2
I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.
Line 3
Our evening readings-aloud have seen to that.”
Line 4
Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.
Line 5
Do eschew the use of slang _absolutely_, at least in writing!
/duː esˈtʃuː ðə juːs ʌv slæŋ ˌæbsəˈluːtli æt liːst ɪn ˈraɪtɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

average adjective US /ˈævərɪdʒ/

approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value

From this reading ““I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.”

Canon noun US /ˈkænən/

a rule or especially body of rules or principles generally established as valid and fundamental in a field of art or philosophy

From this reading “The Canon looked surprised.”

correspondence noun US /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndəns/

communication by the exchange of letters

From this reading “Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.”

eschew verb US /esˈtʃuː/

avoid and stay away from deliberately; stay clear of

From this reading ““Do eschew the use of slang _absolutely_, at least in writing!”

infrequently adverb US /ˌɪnˈfriːkwəntli/

not many times

From this reading “Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.”

methods noun US /ˈmeθədz/

plural of “method” — a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading ““I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.”

sheets noun US /ʃiːts/

plural of “sheet” — any broad thin expanse or surface

From this reading “Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.”

slang verb US /slæŋ/

use slang or vulgar language

From this reading ““Do eschew the use of slang _absolutely_, at least in writing!”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

picked up verb + adjective counted as “pick up”

take and lift upward

In this reading “Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.”

modern methods adjective + noun counted as “modern method”

In this reading ““I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.”

much more adverb + adjective

In this reading “Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.”

looked surprised verb + adjective counted as “look surprised”

In this reading “The Canon looked surprised.”

in writing preposition + noun

written or drawn or engraved

In this reading ““Do eschew the use of slang _absolutely_, at least in writing!”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading “Do eschew the use of slang _absolutely_, at least in writing!

Adrian's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading “Do eschew the use of slang _absolutely_, at least in writing!

averageadjectiveUS /ˈævərɪdʒ/

approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

awareadjectiveUS /əˈwer/

(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

CanonnounUS /ˈkænən/

a rule or especially body of rules or principles generally established as valid and fundamental in a field of art or philosophy

From this reading The Canon looked surprised.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

correspondencenounUS /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndəns/

communication by the exchange of letters

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

Doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading “Do eschew the use of slang _absolutely_, at least in writing!

eschewverbUS /esˈtʃuː/

avoid and stay away from deliberately; stay clear of

From this reading “Do eschew the use of slang _absolutely_, at least in writing!

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading Our evening readings-aloud have seen to that.”

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Our evening readings-aloud have seen to that.”

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

infrequentlyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈfriːkwəntli/

not many times

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading “Do eschew the use of slang _absolutely_, at least in writing!

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The Canon looked surprised.

Lucilla

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

methodsnounUS /ˈmeθədz/

plural of “method” — a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

Morchard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

OurdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Our evening readings-aloud have seen to that.”

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

pickedverbUS /pɪkt/

past form of “pick” — select carefully from a group

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

readings-aloud

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Our evening readings-aloud have seen to that.”

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Our evening readings-aloud have seen to that.”

sheetsnounUS /ʃiːts/

plural of “sheet” — any broad thin expanse or surface

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

slangverbUS /slæŋ/

use slang or vulgar language

From this reading “Do eschew the use of slang _absolutely_, at least in writing!

slip-shod

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

surprisedadjectiveUS /sərˈpraɪzd/

taken unawares or suddenly and feeling wonder or astonishment

From this reading The Canon looked surprised.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading “I am aware that modern methods are slip-shod, but Adrian’s knowledge of French is much above the average.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Canon looked surprised.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Our evening readings-aloud have seen to that.”

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading “Do eschew the use of slang _absolutely_, at least in writing!

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

wondernounUS /ˈwʌndər/

the feeling aroused by something strange and surprising

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

wonderingadjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərɪŋ/

showing curiosity

From this reading Lucilla picked up the sheets of paper again, wondering if there was very much more of the letter to come--a wonder not infrequently felt by those with whom Canon Morchard was in correspondence.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading “Do eschew the use of slang _absolutely_, at least in writing!

Chapter 8 of The optimist by E. M. Delafield holds 408 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The optimist contain?

Chapter 8 holds 408 sentences of The optimist, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The optimist by E. M. Delafield exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 408 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The optimist?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The optimist

Common questions about reading The optimist by E. M. Delafield on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The optimist?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The optimist is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The optimist take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The optimist section by section

How to work through The optimist section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of The optimist to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The optimist

Words and structures a reader meets early in The optimist, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The optimist, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of The optimist, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The optimist, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.