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The O'Ruddy: A Romance
The O'Ruddy: A Romance

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The O'Ruddy: A Romance is here in full — 238 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The O'Ruddy: A Romance
Context Illustration Reading 1/47 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.
Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.
My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.
But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.
Before the end he sent for me to come to his bedside.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The O'Ruddy: A Romance

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The O'Ruddy: A Romance is here in full — 238 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/47 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.
Line 2
Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.
Line 3
My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.
/maɪ ˈænsestərz lɪvd ɪn ˈkæsəlz wɪtʃ wɜːr laɪk ˈtʃɜːrtʃɪz stʌk ɑːn end ənd ðeɪ dræŋk ðə best ʌv ˈevriθɪŋ əˈmɪd ðə ˈdʒɔɪəs kraɪz ʌv ə dɪˈvoʊtɪd ˈpezəntri/
Line 4
But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.
Line 5
Before the end he sent for me to come to his bedside.
/bɪˈfɔːr ðə end hiː sent fɔːr miː tuː kʌm tuː hɪz ˈbedsaɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bedside noun US /ˈbedsaɪd/

space by the side of a bed (especially the bed of a sick or dying person)

From this reading “Before the end he sent for me to come to his bedside.”

castles noun US /ˈkæsəlz/

plural of “castle” — a large and stately mansion

From this reading “My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.”

chieftain noun US /ˈtʃiːftən/

the leader of a group of people

From this reading “My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.”

churches noun US /ˈtʃɜːrtʃɪz/

plural of “church” — one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading “My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.”

farmers noun US /ˈfɑːrmərz/

plural of “farmer” — a person who operates a farm

From this reading “But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.”

men's noun US /menz/

a public toilet for men

From this reading “Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.”

peasantry noun US /ˈpezəntri/

the class of peasants

From this reading “My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.”

seaports noun US /ˈsiːpɔːrts/

plural of “seaport” — a sheltered port where ships can take on or discharge cargo

From this reading “Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.”

All words in this reading · 103

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

amidprepositionUS /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

ancestorsnounUS /ˈænsestərz/

plural of “ancestor” — someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent)

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

bedsidenounUS /ˈbedsaɪd/

space by the side of a bed (especially the bed of a sick or dying person)

From this reading Before the end he sent for me to come to his bedside.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before the end he sent for me to come to his bedside.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

boatsnounUS /boʊts/

plural of “boat” — a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

castlesnounUS /ˈkæsəlz/

plural of “castle” — a large and stately mansion

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

centuriesnounUS /ˈsentʃəriz/

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

chieftainnounUS /ˈtʃiːftən/

the leader of a group of people

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

churchesnounUS /ˈtʃɜːrtʃɪz/

plural of “church” — one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Before the end he sent for me to come to his bedside.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

criesnounUS /kraɪz/

plural of “cry” — a loud utterance; often in protest or opposition

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

dareverbUS /der/

take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

devotedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvoʊtɪd/

zealous in devotion or affection

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

dieverbUS /daɪ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

disappointmentnounUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/

a feeling of dissatisfaction that results when your expectations are not realized

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

drankverbUS /dræŋk/

inflected form of “drink” — take in liquids

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

eighteenadjectiveUS /eɪˈtiːn/

being one more than seventeen

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

EuropenounUS /ˈjʊrəp/

the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use “Europe” to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

exchangenounUS /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/

chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

farmersnounUS /ˈfɑːrmərz/

plural of “farmer” — a person who operates a farm

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

fisher-folk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

Glandore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

HardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Before the end he sent for me to come to his bedside.

HeadnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Before the end he sent for me to come to his bedside.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

joyousadjectiveUS /ˈdʒɔɪəs/

full of or characterized by joy

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

Kinsale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

law-abidingadjective

(of individuals) adhering strictly to laws and rules and customs

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Before the end he sent for me to come to his bedside.

men'snounUS /menz/

a public toilet for men

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

nobodypronounUS /ˈnoʊbɑːdiː/

no person; not anyone

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

peasantrynounUS /ˈpezəntri/

the class of peasants

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

puttingnounUS /ˈpʌtɪŋ/

hitting a golf ball that is on the green using a putter

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

seaportsnounUS /ˈsiːpɔːrts/

plural of “seaport” — a sheltered port where ships can take on or discharge cargo

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Before the end he sent for me to come to his bedside.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

stuckadjectiveUS /stʌk/

caught or fixed

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

tonguesnounUS /tʌŋz/

plural of “tongue” — a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading My chieftain ancestors had lived at Glandore for many centuries and were very well known.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading My ancestors lived in castles which were like churches stuck on end, and they drank the best of everything amid the joyous cries of a devoted peasantry.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading But the good time passed away soon enough, and when I had reached the age of eighteen we had nobody on the land but a few fisher-folk and small farmers, people who were almost law-abiding, and my father came to die more from disappointment than from any other cause.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Hardly a ship could pass the Old Head of Kinsale without some boats putting off to exchange the time of day with her, and our family name was on men's tongues in half the seaports of Europe, I dare say.

Chapter 1 of The O'Ruddy: A Romance by Stephen Crane holds 238 sentences, grouped into 48 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The O'Ruddy: A Romance contain?

Chapter 1 holds 238 sentences of The O'Ruddy: A Romance, unabridged, divided into 48 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The O'Ruddy: A Romance by Stephen Crane exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 238 sentences, grouped into 48 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The O'Ruddy: A Romance?

Work through the 48 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 48 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The O'Ruddy: A Romance

Common questions about reading The O'Ruddy: A Romance by Stephen Crane on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The O'Ruddy: A Romance?

Yes. All 5713 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #29573 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The O'Ruddy: A Romance is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #29573, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The O'Ruddy: A Romance take to read?

About 476 minutes of reading across 1143 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The O'Ruddy: A Romance section by section

How to work through The O'Ruddy: A Romance section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in The O'Ruddy: A Romance

Words and structures a reader meets early in The O'Ruddy: A Romance, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chieftain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The O'Ruddy: A Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ancestors
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The O'Ruddy: A Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lived
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The O'Ruddy: A Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Glandore
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The O'Ruddy: A Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.