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The Oxford Book of American Essays
The Oxford Book of American Essays

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Oxford Book of American Essays is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.
I find that I have been rather understating the troubles of the march.
It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.
But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.
We must take the risk and stand the suffering, whatever it was.
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The Oxford Book of American Essays

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Oxford Book of American Essays is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.
/əˈbaʊt ˈmɪdnaɪt ˈaʊər frendz ʌv ðə eɪtθ hæd dʒɔɪnd ʌs ənd ˈaʊər hoʊl ˈlɪtəl ˈɑːrmi ˈstrʌɡəld ɑːn təˈɡeðər/
Line 2
I find that I have been rather understating the troubles of the march.
/aɪ faɪnd ðæt aɪ hæv bɪn ˈræðər ˈʌndərsteɪtɪŋ ðə ˈtrʌbəlz ʌv ðə mɑːrtʃ/
Line 3
It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.
/ɪt siːmz ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl ðæt sʌtʃ ˈdɪfəkəlti kʊd biː ɪnˈkaʊntərd wɪˈðɪn ˈtwenti maɪlz ʌv ðə ˈkæpətəl ʌv ˈaʊər ˈneɪʃən/
Line 4
But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.
/bʌt wiː wɜːr ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə rʌʃ tuː pʊt aʊərˈselvz ɪn ðæt ˈkæpətəl ənd wiː kʊd nɑːt prəˈsiːd ɪn ðə sloʊ ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk weɪ ʌv æn ədˈvænsɪŋ ˈɑːrmi/
Line 5
We must take the risk and stand the suffering, whatever it was.
/wiː mʌst teɪk ðə rɪsk ənd stænd ðə ˈsʌfərɪŋ ˌwʌˈtevər ɪt wɑːz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

advancing adjective US /ədˈvænsɪŋ/

moving forward

From this reading “But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.”

Eighth adjective US /eɪtθ/

coming next after the seventh and just before the ninth in position

From this reading “About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.”

encountered verb US /ɪnˈkaʊntərd/

past form of “encounter” — come together

From this reading “It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.”

proceed verb US /prəˈsiːd/

continue talking

From this reading “But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.”

struggled verb US /ˈstrʌɡəld/

past form of “struggle” — make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading “About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.”

systematic adjective US /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk/

characterized by order and planning

From this reading “But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.”

troubles noun US /ˈtrʌbəlz/

plural of “trouble” — a source of difficulty

From this reading “I find that I have been rather understating the troubles of the march.”

understating verb US /ˈʌndərsteɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “understate” — represent as less significant or important

From this reading “I find that I have been rather understating the troubles of the march.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

twenty miles noun + noun counted as “twenty mile”

In this reading “It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.”

within twenty preposition + noun

In this reading “It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.”

About midnight preposition + noun

In this reading “About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.”

seems impossible verb + adjective counted as “seem impossible”

In this reading “It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.”

take the risk verb + article + noun counted as “take … risk”

In this reading “We must take the risk and stand the suffering, whatever it was.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

AboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

advancingadjectiveUS /ədˈvænsɪŋ/

moving forward

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I find that I have been rather understating the troubles of the march.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.

EighthadjectiveUS /eɪtθ/

coming next after the seventh and just before the ninth in position

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

encounteredverbUS /ɪnˈkaʊntərd/

past form of “encounter” — come together

From this reading It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading I find that I have been rather understating the troubles of the march.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I find that I have been rather understating the troubles of the march.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I find that I have been rather understating the troubles of the march.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.

joinedadjectiveUS /dʒɔɪnd/

of or relating to two people who are married to each other

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

marchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading I find that I have been rather understating the troubles of the march.

midnightnounUS /ˈmɪdnaɪt/

12 o'clock at night; the middle of the night

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading We must take the risk and stand the suffering, whatever it was.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

ourselvespronounUS /aʊərˈselvz/

used when we are both doing the action and receiving it

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

proceedverbUS /prəˈsiːd/

continue talking

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading I find that I have been rather understating the troubles of the march.

risknounUS /rɪsk/

a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading We must take the risk and stand the suffering, whatever it was.

rushverbUS /rʌʃ/

move hurridly

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading We must take the risk and stand the suffering, whatever it was.

struggledverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəld/

past form of “struggle” — make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.

sufferingnounUS /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/

a state of acute pain

From this reading We must take the risk and stand the suffering, whatever it was.

systematicadjectiveUS /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk/

characterized by order and planning

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading We must take the risk and stand the suffering, whatever it was.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I find that I have been rather understating the troubles of the march.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

troublesnounUS /ˈtrʌbəlz/

plural of “trouble” — a source of difficulty

From this reading I find that I have been rather understating the troubles of the march.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.

understatingverbUS /ˈʌndərsteɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “understate” — represent as less significant or important

From this reading I find that I have been rather understating the troubles of the march.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading We must take the risk and stand the suffering, whatever it was.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But we were making a rush to put ourselves in that capital, and we could not proceed in the slow, systematic way of an advancing army.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading We must take the risk and stand the suffering, whatever it was.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading About midnight our friends of the Eighth had joined us, and our whole little army struggled on together.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading It seems impossible that such difficulty could be encountered within twenty miles of the capital of our nation.

Chapter 10 of The Oxford Book of American Essays by Brander [Editor] Matthews holds 416 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Oxford Book of American Essays contain?

Chapter 10 holds 416 sentences of The Oxford Book of American Essays, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Oxford Book of American Essays by Brander [Editor] Matthews exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 416 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Oxford Book of American Essays?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Oxford Book of American Essays

Common questions about reading The Oxford Book of American Essays by Brander [Editor] Matthews on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Oxford Book of American Essays?

Yes. All 6383 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #40196 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Oxford Book of American Essays is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #40196, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Oxford Book of American Essays take to read?

About 531 minutes of reading across 1277 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Oxford Book of American Essays section by section

How to work through The Oxford Book of American Essays section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 16 chapters of The Oxford Book of American Essays to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Oxford Book of American Essays

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Oxford Book of American Essays, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Professor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Oxford Book of American Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Columbia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Oxford Book of American Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
University
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Oxford Book of American Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Member
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Oxford Book of American Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.