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The Pagan's Progress
The Pagan's Progress

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of The Pagan's Progress is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.
“One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.”
And he thought of what he would do when he caught up with them.
He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.
By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Pagan's Progress

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of The Pagan's Progress is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.
/ðə treɪl ʌv tuː ˈsʌnraɪz ræn ɪn ə ɡreɪt ˈsɜːrkəl ənd faʊnd wer ðə treɪl ʌv dɔːn ənd ðə mæn left ðə ˈɡræsi ɡleɪd ənd ˈbendɪŋ tuː ðə raɪt waʊnd əˈlɔːŋ əˈmʌŋ ðə ˈfʊthɪlz ʌv ðə ˈmaʊntənz/
Line 2
“One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.”
/wʌn rʌnz ˈfæstər ðæn tuː sed ˈsʌnraɪz ənd ðer ɪz naʊ noʊ niːd ʌv ˈhɜːri/
Line 3
And he thought of what he would do when he caught up with them.
/ənd hiː θɔːt ʌv wʌt hiː wʊd duː wen hiː kɑːt ʌp wɪð ðem/
Line 4
He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.
/hiː wɑːz naʊ ɪn ðə kəmˈpliːt pəˈzeʃən ʌv hɪz əˈbɪlətiːz kɑːm dɪˈlɪbərət ənd kənˈstrʌktɪv/
Line 5
By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.
/baɪ ˈstepɪŋ ɪn ðə mænz træks ˈsʌnraɪz wɑːz ˈeɪbəl tuː ˈkælkjəleɪt hɪz straɪd ənd ðə spiːd æt wɪtʃ hiː hæd bɪn ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abilities noun US /əˈbɪlətiːz/

plural of “ability” — the quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment

From this reading “He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.”

calculate verb US /ˈkælkjəleɪt/

make a mathematical calculation or computation

From this reading “By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.”

constructive adjective US /kənˈstrʌktɪv/

constructing or tending to construct or improve or promote development

From this reading “He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.”

deliberate adjective US /dɪˈlɪbərət/

carefully thought out in advance

From this reading “He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.”

foothills noun US /ˈfʊthɪlz/

plural of “foothill” — a relatively low hill on the lower slope of a mountain

From this reading “THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.”

glade noun US /ɡleɪd/

a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area

From this reading “THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.”

grassy adjective US /ˈɡræsi/

abounding in grass

From this reading “THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.”

stride noun US /straɪd/

a step in walking or running

From this reading “By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

runs faster verb + particle counted as “run faster”

In this reading ““One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.””

complete possession verb + noun

In this reading “He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.”

caught up verb + adjective counted as “catch up”

reach the point where one should be after a delay

In this reading “And he thought of what he would do when he caught up with them.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

abilitiesnounUS /əˈbɪlətiːz/

plural of “ability” — the quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment

From this reading He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.

bendingnounUS /ˈbendɪŋ/

movement that causes the formation of a curve

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.

calculateverbUS /ˈkælkjəleɪt/

make a mathematical calculation or computation

From this reading By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.

calmverbUS /kɑːm/

make calm or still

From this reading He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.

caughtverbUS /kɑːt/

inflected form of “catch” — discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state

From this reading And he thought of what he would do when he caught up with them.

circlenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəl/

ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.

constructiveadjectiveUS /kənˈstrʌktɪv/

constructing or tending to construct or improve or promote development

From this reading He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.

DawnnounUS /dɔːn/

the first light of day

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

deliberateadjectiveUS /dɪˈlɪbərət/

carefully thought out in advance

From this reading He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading And he thought of what he would do when he caught up with them.

fasteradverbUS /ˈfæstər/

more quickly

From this reading “One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.”

foothillsnounUS /ˈfʊthɪlz/

plural of “foothill” — a relatively low hill on the lower slope of a mountain

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

gladenounUS /ɡleɪd/

a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.

grassyadjectiveUS /ˈɡræsi/

abounding in grass

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading And he thought of what he would do when he caught up with them.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.

hurrynounUS /ˈhɜːri/

a condition of urgency making it necessary to hurry

From this reading “One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.”

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.”

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading “One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.”

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading “One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.”

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading “One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.”

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.”

possessionnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

runsnounUS /rʌnz/

plural of “run” — a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely

From this reading “One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.”

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.”

speedverbUS /spiːd/

move hurridly

From this reading By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.

steppingverbUS /ˈstepɪŋ/

inflected form of “step” — shift or move by taking a step

From this reading By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.

stridenounUS /straɪd/

a step in walking or running

From this reading By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.

SunrisenounUS /ˈsʌnraɪz/

the first light of day

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading “One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.”

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading And he thought of what he would do when he caught up with them.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading “One runs faster than two,” said Sunrise, “and there is now no need of hurry.”

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading And he thought of what he would do when he caught up with them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

tracksnounUS /træks/

plural of “track” — a line or route along which something travels or moves

From this reading By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.

TRAILnounUS /treɪl/

a track or mark left by something that has passed

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

TWOnounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading And he thought of what he would do when he caught up with them.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was now in the complete possession of his abilities, calm deliberate and constructive.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading And he thought of what he would do when he caught up with them.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading And he thought of what he would do when he caught up with them.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading By stepping in the man’s tracks Sunrise was able to calculate his stride and the speed at which he had been going.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading And he thought of what he would do when he caught up with them.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading And he thought of what he would do when he caught up with them.

woundnounUS /waʊnd/

an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

From this reading THE TRAIL OF TWO Sunrise ran in a great circle and found where the trail of Dawn and the man left the grassy glade, and bending to the right, wound along among the foothills of the mountains.

Chapter 21 of The Pagan's Progress by Gouverneur Morris holds 59 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of The Pagan's Progress contain?

Chapter 21 holds 59 sentences of The Pagan's Progress, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of The Pagan's Progress by Gouverneur Morris exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 59 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of The Pagan's Progress?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in The Pagan's Progress

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Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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