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The Paladins of Edwin the Great
The Paladins of Edwin the Great

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of The Paladins of Edwin the Great is here in full — 124 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.
He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.
The decadence of art had been very rapid since the days of Gallienus.
All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.
It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Paladins of Edwin the Great

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of The Paladins of Edwin the Great is here in full — 124 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.
Line 2
He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.
/hiː wɑːz ˈeɪbəl tuː red ənd raɪt ənd hæd ˈiːvɪn traɪd hɪz hænd ɑːn ðə daɪz fɔːr ˈstæmpɪŋ kɔɪnz/
Line 3
The decadence of art had been very rapid since the days of Gallienus.
Line 4
All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.
Line 5
It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Antioch noun US /ˈæntiɑːk/

a town in southern Turkey; ancient commercial center and capital of Syria; an early center of Christianity

From this reading “IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.”

decadence noun US /ˈdekədəns/

the state of being degenerate in mental or moral qualities

From this reading “The decadence of art had been very rapid since the days of Gallienus.”

effigy noun US /ˈefɪdʒi/

a representation of a person (especially in the form of sculpture)

From this reading “It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.”

inscriptions noun US /ˌɪnˈskrɪpʃənz/

plural of “inscription” — letters inscribed (especially words engraved or carved) on something

From this reading “It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.”

iran noun US /ˌɪˈrɑːn/

a theocratic Islamic republic in the Middle East in western Asia; Iran was the core of the ancient empire that was known as Persia until 1935; rich in oil

From this reading “IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.”

mint noun US /mɪnt/

(often followed by “of”) a large number or amount or extent

From this reading “IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.”

orb noun US /ɔːrb/

the ball-shaped capsule containing the vertebrate eye

From this reading “All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.”

stamping verb US /ˈstæmpɪŋ/

-ing form of “stamp” — walk heavily

From this reading “He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

beyond the powers preposition + article + noun counted as “beyond … power”

In this reading “It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.”

since the days preposition + article + noun counted as “since … days”

In this reading “The decadence of art had been very rapid since the days of Gallienus.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

angelnounUS /ˈeɪndʒəl/

spiritual being attendant upon God

From this reading All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.

AntiochnounUS /ˈæntiɑːk/

a town in southern Turkey; ancient commercial center and capital of Syria; an early center of Christianity

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading The decadence of art had been very rapid since the days of Gallienus.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

attemptsnounUS /əˈtempts/

plural of “attempt” — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The decadence of art had been very rapid since the days of Gallienus.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

cleveradjectiveUS /ˈklevər/

showing self-interest and shrewdness in dealing with others

From this reading It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

coinsnounUS /kɔɪnz/

plural of “coin” — a flat metal piece (usually a disc) used as money

From this reading He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.

companionsnounUS /kəmˈpænjənz/

plural of “companion” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

copynounUS /ˈkɑːpi/

a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record)

From this reading It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

crossverbUS /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The decadence of art had been very rapid since the days of Gallienus.

decadencenounUS /ˈdekədəns/

the state of being degenerate in mental or moral qualities

From this reading The decadence of art had been very rapid since the days of Gallienus.

diesnounUS /daɪz/

plural of “die” — a small cube with 1 to 6 spots on the six faces; used in gambling to generate random numbers

From this reading He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.

disappearedverbUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd/

past form of “disappear” — get lost, as without warning or explanation

From this reading All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.

effigynounUS /ˈefɪdʒi/

a representation of a person (especially in the form of sculpture)

From this reading It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

EmperornounUS /ˈempərər/

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.

Gallienus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The decadence of art had been very rapid since the days of Gallienus.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

inscriptionsnounUS /ˌɪnˈskrɪpʃənz/

plural of “inscription” — letters inscribed (especially words engraved or carved) on something

From this reading It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

intelligentadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtelədʒənt/

having the capacity for thought and reason especially to a high degree

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

IRANnounUS /ˌɪˈrɑːn/

a theocratic Islamic republic in the Middle East in western Asia; Iran was the core of the ancient empire that was known as Persia until 1935; rich in oil

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

learntverbUS /lɜːrnt/

inflected form of “learn” — gain knowledge or skills

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

mintnounUS /mɪnt/

(often followed by “of”) a large number or amount or extent

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The decadence of art had been very rapid since the days of Gallienus.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.

orbnounUS /ɔːrb/

the ball-shaped capsule containing the vertebrate eye

From this reading All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.

portraiturenoun

a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.

powersnounUS /ˈpaʊərz/

plural of “power” — possession of controlling influence

From this reading It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

quick-wittedadjective

mentally nimble and resourceful

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

rapidadjectiveUS /ˈræpəd/

done or occurring in a brief period of time

From this reading The decadence of art had been very rapid since the days of Gallienus.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.

reverseverbUS /rɪˈvɜːrs/

change to the contrary

From this reading All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading The decadence of art had been very rapid since the days of Gallienus.

Sivel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

stampingverbUS /ˈstæmpɪŋ/

-ing form of “stamp” — walk heavily

From this reading He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.

teachverbUS /tiːtʃ/

impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.

toolnounUS /tuːl/

an implement used in the practice of a vocation

From this reading It was not beyond the powers of a clever boy like Sivel to tool the inscriptions, and even to copy the rough effigy of the good Emperor.

treasurynounUS /ˈtreʒəri/

the funds of a government or institution or individual

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

triedadjectiveUS /traɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading IRAN Sivel was a very intelligent and quick-witted boy, and he rapidly learnt all his companions could teach him in the treasury office at Antioch and in the mint.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading All attempts at portraiture on the coins had disappeared, though there was still a head, and an angel with orb and cross on the reverse.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading He was able to read and write, and had even tried his hand on the dies for stamping coins.

Chapter 13 of The Paladins of Edwin the Great by Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir Markham holds 124 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of The Paladins of Edwin the Great contain?

Chapter 13 holds 124 sentences of The Paladins of Edwin the Great, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of The Paladins of Edwin the Great by Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir Markham exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 124 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of The Paladins of Edwin the Great?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Paladins of Edwin the Great

Common questions about reading The Paladins of Edwin the Great by Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir Markham on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 3541 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #45543 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #45543, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 295 minutes of reading across 709 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Paladins of Edwin the Great

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Paladins of Edwin the Great, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Clements
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Paladins of Edwin the Great; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Markham
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Paladins of Edwin the Great; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Little
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Paladins of Edwin the Great; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Known
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Paladins of Edwin the Great; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.