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The Parisians — Volume 12
The Parisians — Volume 12

Chapter XIII

Cover illustration for The Parisians — Volume 12
Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.
All false news was believed as truth; all truthful news abhorred as falsehood.
Listen to the groups round the cafes.
"The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).
"Ay," cries a National Guard, "read extracts from La Liberte.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Parisians — Volume 12

Chapter XIII

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.
Line 2
All false news was believed as truth; all truthful news abhorred as falsehood.
Line 3
Listen to the groups round the cafes.
Line 4
"The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).
Line 5
"Ay," cries a National Guard, "read extracts from La Liberte.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “"The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “"The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).”

Per preposition US /pɜːr/

for each

From this reading “"The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).”

Seemed noun US /seemed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.”

Within preposition US /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading “In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

abhorred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All false news was believed as truth; all truthful news abhorred as falsehood.

All

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All false news was believed as truth; all truthful news abhorred as falsehood.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading All false news was believed as truth; all truthful news abhorred as falsehood.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

Ay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ay," cries a National Guard, "read extracts from La Liberte.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

believed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All false news was believed as truth; all truthful news abhorred as falsehood.

Berlin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

besiegers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

Bourse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

cafes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Listen to the groups round the cafes.

cannon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

capital

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

cent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

clerk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

cries

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ay," cries a National Guard, "read extracts from La Liberte.

enemy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

extracts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ay," cries a National Guard, "read extracts from La Liberte.

faith

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

fallen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

false

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All false news was believed as truth; all truthful news abhorred as falsehood.

falsehood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All false news was believed as truth; all truthful news abhorred as falsehood.

famine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "Ay," cries a National Guard, "read extracts from La Liberte.

funds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

ghost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

gripe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

groups

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Listen to the groups round the cafes.

Guard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ay," cries a National Guard, "read extracts from La Liberte.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

increase

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

La

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ay," cries a National Guard, "read extracts from La Liberte.

Liberte

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ay," cries a National Guard, "read extracts from La Liberte.

Listen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Listen to the groups round the cafes.

Louvier's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

National

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ay," cries a National Guard, "read extracts from La Liberte.

nearer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

news

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All false news was believed as truth; all truthful news abhorred as falsehood.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

Parisians

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

perprepositionUS /pɜːr/

for each

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

proportion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

Prussian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

read

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ay," cries a National Guard, "read extracts from La Liberte.

roar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

round

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Listen to the groups round the cafes.

sanctity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

says

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

scorn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

seemednounUS /seemed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

sharper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

skill

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

threadbare

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

three

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Prussian funds have fallen three per cent. at Berlin," says a threadbare ghost of the Bourse (he had been a clerk of Louvier's).

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

truth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All false news was believed as truth; all truthful news abhorred as falsehood.

truthful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All false news was believed as truth; all truthful news abhorred as falsehood.

walls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading All false news was believed as truth; all truthful news abhorred as falsehood.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading In proportion to the nearer roar of the besiegers' cannon, and the sharper gripe of famine within the walls, the Parisians seemed to increase their scorn for the skill of the enemy, and their faith in the sanctity of the capital.