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The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern
The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern is here in full — 332 sentences across 67 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern
Context Illustration Reading 1/66 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.
Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.
Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.
Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."
From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern is here in full — 332 sentences across 67 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/66 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.
Line 2
Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.
/ðaɪ laɪf ɪz laɪk ə ˈʃæd.oʊ fled ðaɪ pleɪs wiː noʊ nɑːt nɔːr dɪˈɡriː ðə stɑːk ðæt bɔːr ðiː skuːl ðæt bred jet ʃæl ðaɪ feɪm biː sʌŋ ənd sed/
Line 3
Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.
Line 4
Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."
Line 5
From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.
/frʌm ðə ˈlæŋɡwədʒ ʌv ðə ˈraɪtər ɪt siːmz klɪr ðæt hiː wɑːz ə ˈneɪtɪv ʌv sʌm ˌnɔːrˈθwestərn ˈdɪstrɪkt ʌv ˈɪŋɡlənd ənd ðæt hiː lɪvd ɪn ðə ˈsekənd hæf ʌv ðə ˈfɔːrˈtiːnθ ˈsentʃəri/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

authorship noun US /ˈɔːθərʃɪp/

the act of creating written works

From this reading “Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."”

Cleanness noun US /ˈkliːnɪs/

the state of being clean; without dirt or other impurities

From this reading “Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."”

Dante noun US /ˈdɑːnteɪ/

an Italian poet famous for writing the Divine Comedy that describes a journey through Hell and purgatory and paradise guided by Virgil and his idealized Beatrice (1265-1321)

From this reading “Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.”

dimmed adjective US /dɪmd/

made dim or less bright

From this reading “Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.”

dwells verb US /dwelz/

third-person singular of “dwell” — think moodily or anxiously about something

From this reading “Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.”

Fourteenth adjective US /ˈfɔːrˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the thirteenth in position

From this reading “From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.”

luster noun US /ˈlʌstər/

a quality that outshines the usual

From this reading “Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.”

Northwestern adjective US /ˌnɔːrˈθwestərn/

situated in or oriented toward the northwest

From this reading “From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.”

All words in this reading · 101

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

AliveadjectiveUS /əˈlaɪv/

possessing life

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

anonymousadjectiveUS /əˈnɑːnəməs/

having no known name or identity or known source

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

apparentlyadverbUS /əˈperəntli/

from appearances alone

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

authorshipnounUS /ˈɔːθərʃɪp/

the act of creating written works

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

BeatricenounUS /ˈbiːətrəs/

the woman who guided Dante through Paradise in the Divine Comedy

From this reading Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

boreverbUS /bɔːr/

cause to be bored

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

bredverbUS /bred/

inflected form of “breed” — call forth

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

CenturynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

CleannessnounUS /ˈkliːnɪs/

the state of being clean; without dirt or other impurities

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

containsverbUS /kənˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “contain” — include or contain; have as a component

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

DantenounUS /ˈdɑːnteɪ/

an Italian poet famous for writing the Divine Comedy that describes a journey through Hell and purgatory and paradise guided by Virgil and his idealized Beatrice (1265-1321)

From this reading Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

dimmedadjectiveUS /dɪmd/

made dim or less bright

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

districtnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

dwellsverbUS /dwelz/

third-person singular of “dwell” — think moodily or anxiously about something

From this reading Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

famenounUS /feɪm/

the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

fledverbUS /fled/

inflected form of “flee” — run away quickly

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

FourteenthadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the thirteenth in position

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

gaietynoun

a gay feeling

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

Gawayne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

GreennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.

HoldverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

KnightnounUS /naɪt/

originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

laurelledadjective

crowned with or as if with laurel symbolizing victory

From this reading Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

lovedadjectiveUS /lʌvd/

held dear

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

lusternounUS /ˈlʌstər/

a quality that outshines the usual

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

manuscriptnounUS /ˈmæn.jə.skrɪpt/

A book, document, or piece of music written by hand rather than typed or printed.

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

minepronounUS /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

MuseumnounUS /mjuːˈziːəm/

a depository for collecting and displaying objects having scientific or historical or artistic value

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

namelessadjectiveUS /ˈneɪm.ləs/

Having no name, or having a name that is kept secret or unknown.

From this reading Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

NorthwesternadjectiveUS /ˌnɔːrˈθwestərn/

situated in or oriented toward the northwest

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

OrconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

painnounUS /peɪn/

a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder

From this reading Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.

pardonverbUS /ˈpɑːrdən/

accept an excuse for

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

PatiencenounUS /ˈpeɪʃəns/

good-natured tolerance of delay or incompetence

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.

PearlnounUS /pɜːrl/

a smooth lustrous round structure inside the shell of a clam or oyster; much valued as a jewel

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

Pearl's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

poemsnounUS /ˈpoʊəmz/

plural of “poem” — a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

PoetnounUS /ˈpoʊət/

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

pureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

shadownounUS /ˈʃæd.oʊ/

A dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface.

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

stocknounUS /stɑːk/

the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

sungnounUS /sʌŋ/

the imperial dynasty of China from 960 to 1279; noted for art and literature and philosophy

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

tarnishèd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

theepronounUS /ðiː/

an old word for “you”, as the object, speaking to one person

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

ThydeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

touchverbUS /tʌtʃ/

make physical contact with, come in contact with

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

treasuresnounUS /ˈtreʒərz/

plural of “treasure” — accumulated wealth in the form of money or jewels etc.

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

visionnounUS /ˈvɪʒən/

a vivid mental image

From this reading Poet of beauty, pardon me If touch of mine have tarnishèd Thy Pearl's pure luster, loved by thee; Or dimmed thy vision of the dead Alive in light and gaiety.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

WhereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Among the treasures of the British Museum is a manuscript which contains four anonymous poems, apparently of common authorship: "The Pearl," "Cleanness," "Patience," "Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.

wondernounUS /ˈwʌndər/

the feeling aroused by something strange and surprising

From this reading Poet of wonder, pain, and peace, Hold high thy nameless, laurelled head Where Dante dwells with Beatrice.

writernounUS /ˈraɪtər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading From the language of the writer, it seems clear that he was a native of some Northwestern district of England, and that he lived in the second half of the Fourteenth Century.

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Thy life is like a shadow fled; Thy place we know not nor degree, The stock that bore thee, school that bred; Yet shall thy fame be sung and said.

Chapter 1 of The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern by Sophie Jewett holds 332 sentences, grouped into 67 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern contain?

Chapter 1 holds 332 sentences of The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern, unabridged, divided into 67 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern by Sophie Jewett exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 332 sentences, grouped into 67 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern?

Work through the 67 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 67 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern

Common questions about reading The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern by Sophie Jewett on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern?

Yes. All 332 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13211 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13211, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern take to read?

About 27 minutes of reading across 67 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern section by section

How to work through The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Beauty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pardon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Touch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tarnish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Pearl A Middle English Poem, A Modern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.