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The Personal History of David Copperfield
The Personal History of David Copperfield

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Personal History of David Copperfield is here in full — 567 sentences across 114 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/113 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MR.
MICAWBER'S GAUNTLET.
Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.
In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.
The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Personal History of David Copperfield

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Personal History of David Copperfield is here in full — 567 sentences across 114 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/113 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MR.
/ˈmɪstər/
Line 2
MICAWBER'S GAUNTLET.
Line 3
Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.
Line 4
In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.
Line 5
The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.
/ðə ˈkwɑːntəti ʌv ˈwɔːkɪŋ ˈeksərsaɪz aɪ tʊk wɑːz nɑːt ɪn ðɪs rɪˈspekt əˈtendɪd wɪð ɪts ˈjuːʒəwəl ˈkɑːnsəkwəns æz ðə ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt ˈkaʊntəræktɪd ðə freʃ er/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

appetite noun US /ˈæpətaɪt/

a feeling of craving something

From this reading “In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.”

counteracted verb US /ˈkaʊntəræktɪd/

past form of “counteract” — act in opposition to

From this reading “The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.”

entertain verb US /ˌentərˈteɪn/

provide entertainment for

From this reading “Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.”

gauntlet noun US /ˈɡɔːntlət/

to offer or accept a challenge

From this reading “MICAWBER'S GAUNTLET.”

languished verb US /ˈlæŋɡwɪʃt/

past form of “languish” — lose vigor, health, or flesh, as through grief

From this reading “In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.”

perfidy noun US /ˈpɜːrfɪdi/

betrayal of a trust

From this reading “In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.”

principally adverb US /ˈprɪnsɪpli/

for the most part

From this reading “Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.”

relish noun US /ˈrelɪʃ/

vigorous and enthusiastic enjoyment

From this reading “In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fresh air adjective + noun

In this reading “The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.”

old friends adjective + noun counted as “old friend”

In this reading “Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.”

act of verb + particle

In this reading “In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

actverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

appetitenounUS /ˈæpətaɪt/

a feeling of craving something

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

coffeenounUS /ˈkɑːfi/

a beverage consisting of an infusion of ground coffee beans

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

consequencenounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

counteractedverbUS /ˈkaʊntəræktɪd/

past form of “counteract” — act in opposition to

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

dinnernounUS /ˈdɪnər/

the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

disappointmentnounUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/

a feeling of dissatisfaction that results when your expectations are not realized

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

Dora

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

entertainverbUS /ˌentərˈteɪn/

provide entertainment for

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

GAUNTLETnounUS /ˈɡɔːntlət/

to offer or accept a challenge

From this reading MICAWBER'S GAUNTLET.

gladadjectiveUS /ɡlæd/

showing or causing joy and pleasure; especially made happy

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

languishedverbUS /ˈlæŋɡwɪʃt/

past form of “languish” — lose vigor, health, or flesh, as through grief

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

love-lorn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

MICAWBER'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MICAWBER'S GAUNTLET.

MRnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading MR.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

newly-found

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

perfidynounUS /ˈpɜːrfɪdi/

betrayal of a trust

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

principallyadverbUS /ˈprɪnsɪpli/

for the most part

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

quantitynounUS /ˈkwɑːntəti/

how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

relishnounUS /ˈrelɪʃ/

vigorous and enthusiastic enjoyment

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

UntilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

walkingadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːkɪŋ/

close enough to be walked to

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Until the day arrived on which I was to entertain my newly-found old friends, I lived principally on Dora and coffee.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The quantity of walking exercise I took, was not in this respect attended with its usual consequence, as the disappointment counteracted the fresh air.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading In my love-lorn condition, my appetite languished; and I was glad of it, for I felt as though it would have been an act of perfidy towards Dora to have a natural relish for my dinner.

Chapter 12 of The Personal History of David Copperfield by Charles Dickens holds 567 sentences, grouped into 114 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Personal History of David Copperfield contain?

Chapter 12 holds 567 sentences of The Personal History of David Copperfield, unabridged, divided into 114 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Personal History of David Copperfield by Charles Dickens exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 567 sentences, grouped into 114 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Personal History of David Copperfield?

Work through the 114 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 114 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Personal History of David Copperfield

Common questions about reading The Personal History of David Copperfield by Charles Dickens on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Personal History of David Copperfield?

Yes. All 18363 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43111 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Personal History of David Copperfield is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43111, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Personal History of David Copperfield take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 3673 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Personal History of David Copperfield section by section

How to work through The Personal History of David Copperfield section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Personal History of David Copperfield

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Personal History of David Copperfield, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Personal History of David Copperfield; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represents
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Personal History of David Copperfield; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pointing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Personal History of David Copperfield; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Right
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Personal History of David Copperfield; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.