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The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere
The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere is here in full — 7 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.
Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....
It must be examined in what condition THE ASSAILANT is.--_Michael de Montaigne_.
_Citizen_.
I fear there will a worse one come in his place.
_Cassius_.
He were no lion, were not Romans hinds.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere is here in full — 7 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/1 · 7 reading units · Lines 1–7

Line 1
JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.
Line 2
Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....
/ɡʊd dʌz nɑːt ˌnesəˈserəli səkˈsiːd ˈiːvəl əˈnʌðər ˈiːvəl meɪ səkˈsiːd ənd ə wɜːrs æz ɪt ˈhæpənd wɪð ˈsiːzərz ˈkɪlərz huː brɔːt ðə riˈpʌblək tuː sʌtʃ ə pæs ðæt ðeɪ hæd ˈriːzən tuː rɪˈpent ðer ˈmedəlɪŋ wɪð ɪt/
Line 3
It must be examined in what condition THE ASSAILANT is.--_Michael de Montaigne_.
Line 4
_Citizen_.
/ˈsɪtəzən/
Line 5
I fear there will a worse one come in his place.
/aɪ fɪr ðer wɪl ə wɜːrs wʌn kʌm ɪn hɪz pleɪs/
Line 6
_Cassius_.
Line 7
He were no lion, were not Romans hinds.
/hiː wɜːr noʊ ˈlaɪən wɜːr nɑːt ˈroʊmənz haɪndz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assailant noun US /əˈseɪlənt/

someone who attacks

From this reading “It must be examined in what condition THE ASSAILANT is.--_Michael de Montaigne_.”

Caesar's noun US /ˈsiːzərz/

possessive form of “caesar” — conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)

From this reading “Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....”

diseases noun US /dɪˈziːzəz/

plural of “disease” — an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning

From this reading “JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.”

empirical adjective US /ˌemˈpɪrɪkəl/

derived from experiment and observation rather than theory

From this reading “JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.”

hinds noun US /haɪndz/

plural of “hind” — any of several mostly spotted fishes that resemble groupers

From this reading “He were no lion, were not Romans hinds.”

killers noun US /ˈkɪlərz/

plural of “killer” — someone who causes the death of a person or animal

From this reading “Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....”

meddling noun US /ˈmedəlɪŋ/

the act of altering something secretly or improperly

From this reading “Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....”

Romans noun US /ˈroʊmənz/

a New Testament book containing an exposition of the doctrines of Saint Paul; written in AD 58

From this reading “He were no lion, were not Romans hinds.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

ASSAILANTnounUS /əˈseɪlənt/

someone who attacks

From this reading It must be examined in what condition THE ASSAILANT is.--_Michael de Montaigne_.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It must be examined in what condition THE ASSAILANT is.--_Michael de Montaigne_.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

CAESARnounUS /ˈsiːzər/

conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)

From this reading JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.

Caesar'snounUS /ˈsiːzərz/

possessive form of “caesar” — conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

Cassiusnoun

prime mover in the conspiracy against Julius Caesar (died in 42 BC)

From this reading _Cassius_.

CitizennounUS /ˈsɪtəzən/

a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading _Citizen_.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading I fear there will a worse one come in his place.

COMMON-WEAL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading It must be examined in what condition THE ASSAILANT is.--_Michael de Montaigne_.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading It must be examined in what condition THE ASSAILANT is.--_Michael de Montaigne_.

DISEASESnounUS /dɪˈziːzəz/

plural of “disease” — an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning

From this reading JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

EMPIRICALadjectiveUS /ˌemˈpɪrɪkəl/

derived from experiment and observation rather than theory

From this reading JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.

evilnounUS /ˈiːvəl/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

examinedverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmənd/

past form of “examine” — consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading It must be examined in what condition THE ASSAILANT is.--_Michael de Montaigne_.

EXPLAINEDverbUS /ɪkˈspleɪnd/

past form of “explain” — make plain and comprehensible

From this reading JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading I fear there will a worse one come in his place.

GoodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He were no lion, were not Romans hinds.

hindsnounUS /haɪndz/

plural of “hind” — any of several mostly spotted fishes that resemble groupers

From this reading He were no lion, were not Romans hinds.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading I fear there will a worse one come in his place.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I fear there will a worse one come in his place.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It must be examined in what condition THE ASSAILANT is.--_Michael de Montaigne_.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

JULIUS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.

killersnounUS /ˈkɪlərz/

plural of “killer” — someone who causes the death of a person or animal

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

lionnounUS /ˈlaɪən/

large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male

From this reading He were no lion, were not Romans hinds.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

meddlingnounUS /ˈmedəlɪŋ/

the act of altering something secretly or improperly

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

MichaelnounUS /ˈmaɪkəl/

(Old Testament) the guardian archangel of the Jews

From this reading It must be examined in what condition THE ASSAILANT is.--_Michael de Montaigne_.

Montaignenoun

French writer regarded as the originator of the modern essay (1533-1592)

From this reading It must be examined in what condition THE ASSAILANT is.--_Michael de Montaigne_.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading It must be examined in what condition THE ASSAILANT is.--_Michael de Montaigne_.

necessarilyadverbUS /ˌnesəˈserəli/

in an essential manner

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He were no lion, were not Romans hinds.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading I fear there will a worse one come in his place.

ORconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading I fear there will a worse one come in his place.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

repentverbUS /rɪˈpent/

turn away from sin or do penitence

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

republicnounUS /riˈpʌblək/

a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

RomansnounUS /ˈroʊmənz/

a New Testament book containing an exposition of the doctrines of Saint Paul; written in AD 58

From this reading He were no lion, were not Romans hinds.

succeedverbUS /səkˈsiːd/

attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading I fear there will a worse one come in his place.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

TREATMENTnounUS /ˈtriːtmənt/

care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)

From this reading JULIUS CAESAR; OR, THE EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN DISEASES OF THE COMMON-WEAL EXPLAINED.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He were no lion, were not Romans hinds.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading It must be examined in what condition THE ASSAILANT is.--_Michael de Montaigne_.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading I fear there will a worse one come in his place.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

worseadjectiveUS /wɜːrs/

(comparative of “bad”) inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability

From this reading Good does not necessarily succeed evil; another evil may succeed, and a worse, as it happened with Caesar's killers, who brought the republic to such a pass that they had reason to repent their meddling with it....

Chapter 21 of The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere by Delia Salter Bacon holds 7 sentences, grouped into 2 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere contain?

Chapter 21 holds 7 sentences of The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere, unabridged, divided into 2 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere by Delia Salter Bacon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 7 sentences, grouped into 2 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere?

Work through the 2 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 2 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 7510 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8207 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #8207, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 1502 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Julius
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Caesar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Coriolanus
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scientific
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.