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The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia
The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia is here in full — 80 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/16 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.
"Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.
They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."
"That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.
"He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia is here in full — 80 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/16 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.
Line 2
"Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.
/jes ənd ɪn ˈevəri keɪs ɪf juː went tuː ðə ˈtrʌbəl tuː ɪɡˈzæmɪn ðoʊz triːz hiː wɑːz toʊld baɪ dɪk juː wʊd faɪnd ðæt ðeɪ wɜːr ˈrɑːtən æt ðə hɑːrt/
Line 3
They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."
/ðeɪ meɪ kiːp ɑːn ˈstændɪŋ ʌp wɪð ðə rest ənd siːm tuː biː pərˈfekt bʌt wen ðə waɪnd swiːps θruː ðə ˈfɔːrəst ɪt ˈsɜːrtʃɪz aʊt ðə wiːk ənd ˌɪmˈpɜːrfɪkt triːz ənd ˈtɑːpəlz ðem ˈoʊvər/
Line 4
"That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.
Line 5
"He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."
/hiː sez ðæt ˈneɪtʃər noʊz wʌt ɪz best fɔːr ˈevriθɪŋ ənd kiːps ˈθɪnɪŋ aʊt ðə wiːk wʌnz əˈlɔːŋ ˈevəri laɪn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

fittest adjective US /ˈfɪtəst/

superlative of “fit” — meeting adequate standards for a purpose

From this reading “"That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.”

imperfect adjective US /ˌɪmˈpɜːrfɪkt/

not perfect; defective or inadequate

From this reading “They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."”

monarch noun US /ˈmɑːnɑːrk/

a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right

From this reading “UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.”

searches noun US /ˈsɜːrtʃɪz/

plural of “search” — the activity of looking thoroughly in order to find something or someone

From this reading “They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."”

survival noun US /sərˈvaɪvəl/

a state of surviving; remaining alive

From this reading “"That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.”

sweeps noun US /swiːps/

plural of “sweep” — a wide scope

From this reading “They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."”

thinning noun US /ˈθɪnɪŋ/

the act of diluting something

From this reading “"He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."”

topples verb US /ˈtɑːpəlz/

third-person singular of “topple” — fall down, as if collapsing

From this reading “They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

through the forest preposition + article + noun counted as “through … forest”

In this reading “UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.”

some time adjective + noun

In this reading “UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.”

sweeps through verb + particle counted as “sweep through”

succeed at easily

In this reading “They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading "That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading "He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading "He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."

blownadjectiveUS /bloʊn/

being moved or acted upon by moving air or vapor

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

DicknounUS /dɪk/

someone who is a detective

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading "He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."

examineverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/

consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

FALLENadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

fittestadjectiveUS /ˈfɪtəst/

superlative of “fit” — meeting adequate standards for a purpose

From this reading "That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

FORESTnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

fourthnounUS /fɔːrθ/

following the third position; number four in a countable series

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

grandfathernounUS /ˈɡrændfɑːðər/

the father of your father or mother

From this reading "That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

I've

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

imperfectadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɜːrfɪkt/

not perfect; defective or inadequate

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

keepsnounUS /kiːps/

plural of “keep” — the financial means whereby one lives

From this reading "He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."

knowsnounUS /noʊz/

plural of “know” — the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people

From this reading "He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading "He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading "That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.

MONARCHnounUS /ˈmɑːnɑːrk/

a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

musedverbUS /mjuːzd/

past form of “muse” — reflect deeply on a subject

From this reading "That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.

NaturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading "He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

onesnounUS /wʌnz/

plural of “one” — the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number

From this reading "He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

remarkedverbUS /rɪˈmɑːrkt/

past form of “remark” — make mention of

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

Roger

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

rottenadjectiveUS /ˈrɑːtən/

very bad

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading "He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."

searchesnounUS /ˈsɜːrtʃɪz/

plural of “search” — the activity of looking thoroughly in order to find something or someone

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

survivalnounUS /sərˈvaɪvəl/

a state of surviving; remaining alive

From this reading "That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.

sweepsnounUS /swiːps/

plural of “sweep” — a wide scope

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

talksnounUS /tɔːks/

a discussion intended to produce an agreement

From this reading "That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

THEREadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

thinningnounUS /ˈθɪnɪŋ/

the act of diluting something

From this reading "He says that Nature knows what is best for everything, and keeps thinning out the weak ones along every line."

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

topplesverbUS /ˈtɑːpəlz/

third-person singular of “topple” — fall down, as if collapsing

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

UNDERprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

walkingadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːkɪŋ/

close enough to be walked to

From this reading UNDER THE FALLEN FOREST MONARCH "THERE! that makes the fourth tree I've seen blown down in the storm," remarked Roger, after they had been walking through the forest for some time.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

weakadjectiveUS /wiːk/

wanting in physical strength

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading "That must be what grandfather means when he talks about the 'survival of the fittest,'" Roger mused.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They may keep on standing up with the rest, and seem to be perfect, but when the wind sweeps through the forest it searches out the weak and imperfect trees, and topples them over."

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

YesnounUS /jes/

an affirmative

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Yes, and in every case if you went to the trouble to examine those trees," he was told by Dick, "you would find that they were rotten at the heart.

Chapter 19 of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia by St. George Rathborne holds 80 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia contain?

Chapter 19 holds 80 sentences of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia by St. George Rathborne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 80 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia

Common questions about reading The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia by St. George Rathborne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia?

Yes. All 3043 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #46799 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #46799, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia take to read?

About 253 minutes of reading across 609 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia section by section

How to work through The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Pioneer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Columbia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wilderness
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Pioneer Boys of the Columbia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.