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The Pioneers
The Pioneers

Chapter XXXI

Cover illustration for The Pioneers
Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
“Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”
--Pope.
Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.
It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.
The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Pioneers

Chapter XXXI

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
“Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”
Line 2
--Pope.
Line 3
Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.
Line 4
It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.
Line 5
The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.”

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading ““Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.””

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.”

Part noun US /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.”

Themselves pronoun US /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading “It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.”

Until preposition US /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

afterward

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”

arrest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

base

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

buried

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

business

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

centre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

circulated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

coin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

completely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

constables

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

counterfeiters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

deputies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

described

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

duties

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

early

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

earth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”

end

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

entered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

evennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

evening

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

exercise

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

expedition

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

following

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

four

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

gang

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

head

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

late

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”

lunar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”

malefactors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

manufacture

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

measured

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”

midnight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”

official

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

partnounUS /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

period

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

pinioned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

Pope

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --Pope.

portion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

posse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

records

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”

return

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

Richard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

rode

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

sheriff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

spheres

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”

starry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”

successful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

superintend

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

traced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”

Union

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Richard did not return from the exercise of his official duties until late in the evening of the following day.

village

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

WhopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The expedition had been completely successful, and about midnight the sheriff entered the village, at the head of a posse of deputies and constables, in the centre of whom rode, pinioned, four of the malefactors.

woods

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been one portion of his business to superintend the arrest of part of a gang of counterfeiters, that had, even at that early period, buried themselves in the woods, to manufacture their base coin, which they afterward circulated from one end of the Union to the other.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Who measured earth, described the starry spheres, And traced the long records of lunar years.”