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The Plowshare and the Sword
The Plowshare and the Sword

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of The Plowshare and the Sword is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
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OB AND AZURE.
After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.
Another resolute attack must have driven them from their position.
But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.
Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Plowshare and the Sword

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of The Plowshare and the Sword is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OB AND AZURE.
Line 2
After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.
/ˈæftər ðæt kəmˈpliːt riˈpʌls ʌv ðə ˈɪrəkwɔɪ traɪbz ðə frentʃ faʊnd ðemˈselvz soʊ wiːk æz tuː biː ˈpræktɪkli æt ðə ˈmɜːrsi ʌv ə foʊ/
Line 3
Another resolute attack must have driven them from their position.
/əˈnʌðər ˈrezəluːt əˈtæk mʌst hæv ˈdrɪvən ðem frʌm ðer pəˈzɪʃən/
Line 4
But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.
Line 5
Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bourbon noun US /ˈbɜːrbən/

a reactionary politician in the United States (usually from the South)

From this reading “But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.”

maritime adjective US /ˈmerətaɪm/

relating to or involving ships or shipping or navigation or seamen

From this reading “But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.”

Nova noun US /ˈnoʊvə/

a star that ejects some of its material in the form of a cloud and becomes more luminous in the process

From this reading “But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.”

reinforcement noun US /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːrsmənt/

a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission

From this reading “Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.”

repulse verb US /riˈpʌls/

force or drive back

From this reading “After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.”

Scotsman noun US /ˈskɑːtsmən/

a native or inhabitant of Scotland

From this reading “But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.”

territories noun US /ˈterətɔːriz/

plural of “territory” — a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading “But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.”

wrested verb US /ˈrestɪd/

past form of “wrest” — obtain by seizing forcibly or violently, also metaphorically

From this reading “But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

wrested from verb + particle counted as “wrest from”

In this reading “But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.”

far more adverb + adjective

In this reading “Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.”

at the mercy preposition + article + noun counted as “at … mercy”

In this reading “After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.”

in the east preposition + article + noun counted as “in … east”

In this reading “But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.”

arrive from verb + particle

In this reading “Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.”

by side preposition + noun

In this reading “But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.”

with the sword preposition + article + noun counted as “with … sword”

In this reading “Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

ammunitionnounUS /ˌæmjəˈnɪʃən/

projectiles to be fired from a gun

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading OB AND AZURE.

AnotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Another resolute attack must have driven them from their position.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

arriveverbUS /ərˈaɪv/

reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

attacknounUS /əˈtæk/

(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading Another resolute attack must have driven them from their position.

attemptingverbUS /əˈtemptɪŋ/

-ing form of “attempt” — make an effort or attempt

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

AZUREnounUS /ˈæʒər/

a light shade of blue

From this reading OB AND AZURE.

bandsnounUS /bændz/

plural of “band” — an unofficial association of people or groups

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

BourbonnounUS /ˈbɜːrbən/

a reactionary politician in the United States (usually from the South)

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

bringingnounUS /ˈbrɪŋɪŋ/

the act of delivering or distributing something (as goods or mail)

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

coloniseverb

settle as a colony; of countries in the developing world

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

combinationnounUS /ˌkɑːmbəˈneɪʃən/

a collection of things that have been combined; an assemblage of separate parts or qualities

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

completelyadverbUS /kəmˈpliːtli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

continueverbUS /kənˈtɪnjuː/

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

disorganisedadjective

lacking order or methodical arrangement or function

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading Another resolute attack must have driven them from their position.

eastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

errornounUS /ˈerər/

a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

foenounUS /foʊ/

an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Another resolute attack must have driven them from their position.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Another resolute attack must have driven them from their position.

HousenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

inadequateadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnædəkwət/

lacking the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

includingverbUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “include” — have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

IroquoisnounUS /ˈɪrəkwɔɪ/

any member of the warlike North American Indian peoples formerly living in New York State; the Iroquois League were allies of the British during the American Revolution

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

maritimeadjectiveUS /ˈmerətaɪm/

relating to or involving ships or shipping or navigation or seamen

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

MarseillesnounUS /mɑːrˈsaɪləs/

a port city in southeastern France on the Mediterranean

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

menaceverbUS /ˈmenəs/

pose a threat to; present a danger to

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

mercynounUS /ˈmɜːrsi/

leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Another resolute attack must have driven them from their position.

NewfoundlandnounUS /ˈnuːfəndlənd/

a breed of very large heavy dogs with a thick coarse usually black coat; highly intelligent dogs and vigorous swimmers; developed in Newfoundland

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

NovanounUS /ˈnoʊvə/

a star that ejects some of its material in the form of a cloud and becomes more luminous in the process

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

OBnoun

a major river of western Siberia; flows generally northward and westward to the Gulf of Ob and the Kara Sea

From this reading OB AND AZURE.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading Another resolute attack must have driven them from their position.

practicallyadverbUS /ˈpræktɪkli/

almost; nearly

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

provincesnounUS /ˈprɑːvənsəz/

plural of “province” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

provisionsnounUS /prəˈvɪʒənz/

a stock or supply of foods

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

questionedverbUS /ˈkwestʃənd/

past form of “question” — challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

reinforcementnounUS /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːrsmənt/

a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

remnantnounUS /ˈremnənt/

a small part or portion that remains after the main part no longer exists

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

repulseverbUS /riˈpʌls/

force or drive back

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

resoluteadjectiveUS /ˈrezəluːt/

firm in purpose or belief; characterized by firmness and determination

From this reading Another resolute attack must have driven them from their position.

scatteredadjectiveUS /ˈskætərd/

occurring or distributed over widely spaced and irregular intervals in time or space

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

Scotia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

ScotsnounUS /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

ScotsmannounUS /ˈskɑːtsmən/

a native or inhabitant of Scotland

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

settledadjectiveUS /ˈsetəld/

established or decided beyond dispute or doubt

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

settlersnounUS /ˈsetlərz/

plural of “settler” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

SoonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

supremacynounUS /səˈpreməsi/

power to dominate or defeat

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

territoriesnounUS /ˈterətɔːriz/

plural of “territory” — a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Another resolute attack must have driven them from their position.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Another resolute attack must have driven them from their position.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Soon another ship would arrive from Marseilles, bringing, not only provisions and ammunition, but a reinforcement of men, prepared to till the ground as settlers should, but far more ready to continue the French error of attempting to colonise with the sword.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

tribesnounUS /traɪbz/

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

weakadjectiveUS /wiːk/

wanting in physical strength

From this reading After that complete repulse of the Iroquois tribes the French found themselves so weak as to be practically at the mercy of a foe.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

wrestedverbUS /ˈrestɪd/

past form of “wrest” — obtain by seizing forcibly or violently, also metaphorically

From this reading But the Iroquois bands were completely disorganised; the few English scattered about the maritime provinces, including that remnant of Scots in the east, who had settled Newfoundland and Nova Scotia only to see their territories wrested from them, were entirely inadequate even in combination to menace the supremacy of the House of Bourbon; and it may be questioned whether, at that time, any Scotsman would have stood to fight side by side with the English.

Chapter 22 of The Plowshare and the Sword by John Trevena holds 123 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of The Plowshare and the Sword contain?

Chapter 22 holds 123 sentences of The Plowshare and the Sword, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of The Plowshare and the Sword by John Trevena exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 123 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of The Plowshare and the Sword?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Plowshare and the Sword

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Is this the complete text of The Plowshare and the Sword?

Yes. All 5281 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35141 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Plowshare and the Sword is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35141, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Plowshare and the Sword take to read?

About 440 minutes of reading across 1057 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Plowshare and the Sword section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in The Plowshare and the Sword

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Plowshare and the Sword, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Empire
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Plowshare and the Sword; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Vision
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Plowshare and the Sword; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Young
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Plowshare and the Sword; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Evening
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Plowshare and the Sword; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.