Chapter XXIII

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

a church associated with a monastery or convent

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

a large-scale farming enterprise

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

past form of “belong” — be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

French physiologist noted for research on secretions of the alimentary canal and the glycogenic function of the liver (1813-1878)

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

the part of the face above the eyes

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

an edible emulsion of fat globules made by churning milk or cream; for cooking and table use

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

tall annual cereal grass bearing kernels on large ears: widely cultivated in America in many varieties; the principal cereal in Mexico and Central and South America since pre-Columbian times

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

a very small circular shape

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

oval reproductive body of a fowl (especially a hen) used as food

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

one or the other of two

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

an erect penis

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

the wool of a sheep or similar animal

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

moving swiftly

From this reading THE QUEEN'S "FLYING SQUADRON."

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

a sweet yellow liquid produced by bees

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

having no employment

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc.

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

a caustic substance produced by heating limestone

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

a fabric woven with fibers from the flax plant

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

plural of “monastery” — the residence of a religious community

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

of communal life sequestered from the world under religious vows

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

plural of “monk” — a male religious living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

a structure erected to commemorate persons or events

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

A viscous liquid derived from petroleum or plants, stored in large earthen jars.

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

have ownership or possession of

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

a domesticated gallinaceous bird thought to be descended from the red jungle fowl

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

making claim to or creating an appearance of (often undeserved) importance or distinction

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

first in rank or degree

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

possessive form of “queen” — the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading THE QUEEN'S "FLYING SQUADRON."

concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

anything indispensable

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

plural of “residence” — any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

a loose material consisting of grains of rock or coral

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

having great beauty and splendor

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading THE QUEEN'S "FLYING SQUADRON."

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

not in physical motion

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

plural of “stone” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

salty fluid secreted by sweat glands

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE QUEEN'S "FLYING SQUADRON."

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading The Abbey of St. Severin, situated on the Limoges road not far from the town of Malraye, belonged to the Order of St. Bernard.

past form of “transport” — move something or somebody around; usually over long distances

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

a formal word for “on”

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

a person holding a fief; a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.

plural of “war” — the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Before the beginning of the religious wars, the abbey was a splendid monument, built by the hands of _Jacques Bonhomme_,[47] like so many other monasteries that dot the soil of France.

fermented juice (of grapes especially)

From this reading He thereupon carried to the idling monks the tithes on his corn, on his cattle, on his poultry, on his eggs, on his butter, on his wine, on his oil, on the fleece of his sheep, on his honey, on his linen, in short, the prime of all that he produced with the sweat of his brow.

in the company of; together with

From this reading As a church vassal, Jacques Bonhomme transported either upon his own back, or, to the still greater injury of field agriculture, with the help of oxen, the stones, the lumber, the sand and the lime requisite for the erection of these pretentious monastic residences.