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The pocket George Borrow
The pocket George Borrow

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The pocket George Borrow is here in full — 426 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The pocket George Borrow
Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
* * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'
'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'
* * * * * I was standing on the castle hill in the midst of a fair of horses.
I have already had occasion to mention this castle.
It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The pocket George Borrow

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The pocket George Borrow is here in full — 426 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
* * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'
Line 2
'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'
/ʃiː ɪz boʊθ ˈbrʌðər ənd ɑːn ðæt əˈkaʊnt aɪ bɑːt hɜːr ə ˈsævədʒ ənd ˈvɪʃəs biːst hæz ˈdʒenərəli fɔːr ˈeksələnt leɡz/
Line 3
* * * * * I was standing on the castle hill in the midst of a fair of horses.
/aɪ wɑːz ˈstændɪŋ ɑːn ðə ˈkæsəl hɪl ɪn ðə mɪdst ʌv ə fer ʌv ˈhɔːrsəz/
Line 4
I have already had occasion to mention this castle.
/aɪ hæv ɔːlˈredi hæd əˈkeɪʒən tuː ˈmenʃən ðɪs ˈkæsəl/
Line 5
It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

appears verb US /əˈpɪrz/

third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading “* * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'”

donkey noun US /ˈdɑːŋki/

the symbol of the Democratic Party; introduced in cartoons by Thomas Nast in 1874

From this reading “* * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'”

mound noun US /maʊnd/

(baseball) the slight elevation on which the pitcher stands

From this reading “It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.”

Norman noun US /ˈnɔːrmən/

United States operatic soprano (born in 1945)

From this reading “It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.”

perched verb US /pɜːrtʃt/

past form of “perch” — sit, as on a branch

From this reading “It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.”

remains noun US /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading “It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.”

stronghold noun US /ˈstrɔːŋhoʊld/

a strongly fortified defensive structure

From this reading “It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.”

vicious adjective US /ˈvɪʃəs/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading “* * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'”

All words in this reading · 55

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading I have already had occasion to mention this castle.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading * * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'

appearsverbUS /əˈpɪrz/

third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading * * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'

beastnounUS /biːst/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading * * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'

boughtverbUS /bɑːt/

inflected form of “buy” — obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

burra

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading * * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'

castlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading * * * * * I was standing on the castle hill in the midst of a fair of horses.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

donkeynounUS /ˈdɑːŋki/

the symbol of the Democratic Party; introduced in cartoons by Thomas Nast in 1874

From this reading * * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'

excellentadjectiveUS /ˈeksələnt/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading * * * * * I was standing on the castle hill in the midst of a fair of horses.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I have already had occasion to mention this castle.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I have already had occasion to mention this castle.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading * * * * * I was standing on the castle hill in the midst of a fair of horses.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading * * * * * I was standing on the castle hill in the midst of a fair of horses.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading * * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading * * * * * I was standing on the castle hill in the midst of a fair of horses.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

legsnounUS /leɡz/

staying power

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

mentionverbUS /ˈmenʃən/

make reference to

From this reading I have already had occasion to mention this castle.

midstnounUS /mɪdst/

the location of something surrounded by other things

From this reading * * * * * I was standing on the castle hill in the midst of a fair of horses.

monticle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

moundnounUS /maʊnd/

(baseball) the slight elevation on which the pitcher stands

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

NormannounUS /ˈnɔːrmən/

United States operatic soprano (born in 1945)

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

occasionnounUS /əˈkeɪʒən/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading I have already had occasion to mention this castle.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading * * * * * I was standing on the castle hill in the midst of a fair of horses.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

perchedverbUS /pɜːrtʃt/

past form of “perch” — sit, as on a branch

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

repliedverbUS /rɪˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “reply” — react verbally

From this reading * * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

savageadjectiveUS /ˈsævədʒ/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading * * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading * * * * * I was standing on the castle hill in the midst of a fair of horses.

strongholdnounUS /ˈstrɔːŋhoʊld/

a strongly fortified defensive structure

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading 'She is both, brother, and on that account I bought her; a savage and vicious beast has generally four excellent legs.'

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading * * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I have already had occasion to mention this castle.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I have already had occasion to mention this castle.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

viciousadjectiveUS /ˈvɪʃəs/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading * * * * * 'The burra,' [donkey], I replied, 'appears both savage and vicious.'

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading * * * * * I was standing on the castle hill in the midst of a fair of horses.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading It is the remains of what was once a Norman stronghold, and is perched upon a round mound or monticle, in the midst of the old city.

Chapter 4 of The pocket George Borrow by George Borrow holds 426 sentences, grouped into 86 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The pocket George Borrow contain?

Chapter 4 holds 426 sentences of The pocket George Borrow, unabridged, divided into 86 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The pocket George Borrow by George Borrow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 426 sentences, grouped into 86 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The pocket George Borrow?

Work through the 86 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 86 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The pocket George Borrow

Common questions about reading The pocket George Borrow by George Borrow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The pocket George Borrow?

Yes. All 1746 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13957 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The pocket George Borrow is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13957, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The pocket George Borrow take to read?

About 145 minutes of reading across 350 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The pocket George Borrow

Words and structures a reader meets early in The pocket George Borrow, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Twice
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The pocket George Borrow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The pocket George Borrow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Times
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The pocket George Borrow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Through
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The pocket George Borrow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.