Chapter 4 of The Poetical Works of Mark Akenside is here in full — 441 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter IV
Chapter 4 of The Poetical Works of Mark Akenside is here in full — 441 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
ARGUMENT. Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd. The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil. Inquiry into ridicule. The general sources of ridicule in the minds and characters of men, enumerated.
Chapter 4 of The Poetical Works of Mark Akenside is here in full — 441 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/88 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
past form of “enumerate” — specify individually
From this reading “The general sources of ridicule in the minds and characters of men, enumerated.”
the place where something begins, where it springs into being
From this reading “The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.”
-ing form of “produce” — bring forth or yield
From this reading “The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.”
plural of “representation” — a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image
From this reading “The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.”
language or behavior intended to mock or humiliate
From this reading “Inquiry into ridicule.”
plural of “source” — the place where something begins, where it springs into being
From this reading “The general sources of ridicule in the minds and characters of men, enumerated.”
plural of “temper” — a sudden outburst of anger
From this reading “Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.”
(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering
From this reading “Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
inconsistent with reason or logic or common sense
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true
From this reading ARGUMENT.
plural of “character” — an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)
From this reading The general sources of ridicule in the minds and characters of men, enumerated.
-ing form of “concern” — be relevant to
From this reading The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.
past form of “enumerate” — specify individually
From this reading The general sources of ridicule in the minds and characters of men, enumerated.
divisible by two
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
morally objectionable behavior
From this reading The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.
not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality
From this reading The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.
something many people believe that is false
From this reading The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.
showing where something starts, or who sent it
From this reading The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.
applying to all or most members of a category or group
From this reading The general sources of ridicule in the minds and characters of men, enumerated.
having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified
From this reading The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
a search for knowledge
From this reading Inquiry into ridicule.
moving to the inside of something
From this reading Inquiry into ridicule.
social deportment
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
the force of workers available
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
plural of “mind” — that which is responsible for one's thoughts, feelings, and conscious brain functions; the seat of the faculty of reason
From this reading The general sources of ridicule in the minds and characters of men, enumerated.
quick to notice; showing quick and keen perception
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
plural of “opinion” — a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty
From this reading The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.
used to join alternatives or possibilities
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
the place where something begins, where it springs into being
From this reading The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.
a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
-ing form of “produce” — bring forth or yield
From this reading The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.
plural of “representation” — a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image
From this reading The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.
language or behavior intended to mock or humiliate
From this reading Inquiry into ridicule.
plural of “source” — the place where something begins, where it springs into being
From this reading The general sources of ridicule in the minds and characters of men, enumerated.
plural of “temper” — a sudden outburst of anger
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
moral weakness
From this reading The origin of Vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.
(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
in or at the place that
From this reading Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vicious or absurd.
Chapter 4 of The Poetical Works of Mark Akenside by Mark Akenside holds 441 sentences, grouped into 89 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 4 holds 441 sentences of The Poetical Works of Mark Akenside, unabridged, divided into 89 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 4 of The Poetical Works of Mark Akenside by Mark Akenside exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 441 sentences, grouped into 89 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 89 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 89 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
Common questions about reading The Poetical Works of Mark Akenside by Mark Akenside on this page, its source edition and its audio.
Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through The Poetical Works of Mark Akenside section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 0 chapters of The Poetical Works of Mark Akenside to begin.
Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.
Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in The Poetical Works of Mark Akenside, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
