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The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood
The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood is here in full — 2712 sentences across 543 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/542 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BIOGRAPHICAL INTRODUCTION.
There were scarcely any events in the life of Thomas Hood.
One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.
Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.
The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood is here in full — 2712 sentences across 543 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/542 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BIOGRAPHICAL INTRODUCTION.
/ˌbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/
Line 2
There were scarcely any events in the life of Thomas Hood.
/ðer wɜːr ˈskersli ˈeni ɪˈvents ɪn ðə laɪf ʌv ˈtɑːməs hʊd/
Line 3
One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.
Line 4
Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.
Line 5
The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

beneficial adjective US /ˌbenəˈfɪʃəl/

promoting or enhancing well-being

From this reading “Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.”

biographical adjective US /ˌbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or being biography

From this reading “BIOGRAPHICAL INTRODUCTION.”

bookseller noun US /ˈbʊkselər/

the proprietor of a bookstore

From this reading “The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.”

consequent adjective US /ˈkɑːnsəkwənt/

occurring with or following as a consequence

From this reading “One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.”

determining adjective US /dɪˈtɜːrmənɪŋ/

having the power or quality of deciding

From this reading “One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.”

expatriation noun US /ekˌspeɪtriˈeɪʃən/

the act of expelling a person from their native land

From this reading “One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.”

lengthening noun US /ˈleŋθənɪŋ/

the act of prolonging something

From this reading “Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.”

Poultry noun US /ˈpoʊltri/

a domesticated gallinaceous bird thought to be descended from the red jungle fowl

From this reading “The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading There were scarcely any events in the life of Thomas Hood.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

beneficialadjectiveUS /ˌbenəˈfɪʃəl/

promoting or enhancing well-being

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

BeyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

BIOGRAPHICALadjectiveUS /ˌbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or being biography

From this reading BIOGRAPHICAL INTRODUCTION.

booksellernounUS /ˈbʊkselər/

the proprietor of a bookstore

From this reading The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

brightadjectiveUS /braɪt/

emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

careernounUS /kərˈɪr/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

circumstancenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

commercialadjectiveUS /kəˈmɜːrʃəl/

connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

consequentadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwənt/

occurring with or following as a consequence

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

coruscating

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

deepeningnounUS /ˈdiːpənɪŋ/

a process of becoming deeper and more profound

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

determiningadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənɪŋ/

having the power or quality of deciding

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

engagedadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒd/

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading There were scarcely any events in the life of Thomas Hood.

expatriationnounUS /ekˌspeɪtriˈeɪʃən/

the act of expelling a person from their native land

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

factsnounUS /fækts/

plural of “fact” — a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

failurenounUS /ˈfeɪljər/

an act that fails

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

firmadjectiveUS /fɜːrm/

marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable

From this reading The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

geniusnounUS /ˈdʒiːnjəs/

someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

healthnounUS /helθ/

a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

HoodnounUS /hʊd/

an aggressive and violent young criminal

From this reading There were scarcely any events in the life of Thomas Hood.

illadjectiveUS /ɪl/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

importancenounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There were scarcely any events in the life of Thomas Hood.

INTRODUCTIONnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading BIOGRAPHICAL INTRODUCTION.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

lengtheningnounUS /ˈleŋθənɪŋ/

the act of prolonging something

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading There were scarcely any events in the life of Thomas Hood.

life-long

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

membernounUS /ˈmembər/

one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There were scarcely any events in the life of Thomas Hood.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

outwardadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtwərd/

relating to physical reality rather than with thoughts or the mind

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

potentadjectiveUS /ˈpoʊtənt/

having great influence

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

PoultrynounUS /ˈpoʊltri/

a domesticated gallinaceous bird thought to be descended from the red jungle fowl

From this reading The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

presentsnounUS /ˈprezənts/

plural of “present” — the period of time that is happening now; any continuous stretch of time including the moment of speech

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

publishernounUS /ˈpʌblɪʃər/

a firm in the publishing business

From this reading The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

recordnounUS /rəˈkɔːrd/

anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading There were scarcely any events in the life of Thomas Hood.

shadownounUS /ˈʃæd.oʊ/

A dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface.

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

Sharpe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading There were scarcely any events in the life of Thomas Hood.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There were scarcely any events in the life of Thomas Hood.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

ThomasnounUS /ˈtɑːməs/

United States clockmaker who introduced mass production (1785-1859)

From this reading There were scarcely any events in the life of Thomas Hood.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

uprightadjectiveUS /əˈpraɪt/

in a vertical position; not sloping

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

Vernor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The father of Thomas Hood was engaged in business as a publisher and bookseller in the Poultry, in the city of London,--a member of the firm of Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One condition there was of too potent determining importance--life-long ill health; and one circumstance of moment--a commercial failure, and consequent expatriation.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There were scarcely any events in the life of Thomas Hood.

witnounUS /wɪt/

a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Beyond this, little presents itself for record in the outward facts of this upright and beneficial career, bright with genius and coruscating with wit, dark with the lengthening and deepening shadow of death.

Chapter 1 of The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood by Thomas Hood holds 2712 sentences, grouped into 543 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood contain?

Chapter 1 holds 2712 sentences of The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood, unabridged, divided into 543 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood by Thomas Hood exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 2712 sentences, grouped into 543 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood?

Work through the 543 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 543 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood

Common questions about reading The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood by Thomas Hood on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.