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The poetry of Robert Browning
The poetry of Robert Browning

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The poetry of Robert Browning is here in full — 639 sentences across 128 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.
Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.
They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.
Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.
While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The poetry of Robert Browning

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The poetry of Robert Browning is here in full — 639 sentences across 128 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/127 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.
Line 2
Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.
Line 3
They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.
Line 4
Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.
Line 5
While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.
/waɪl ðə poʊˈetɪk wɜːrld ˈɔːltərd ərˈaʊnd ðem waɪl tuː ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃənz ʌv ˈpoʊəts meɪd nuː skuːlz ʌv ˈpoʊətri ðeɪ rɪˈmeɪnd fɔːr ðə moʊst pɑːrt ˌʌnəˈfektɪd baɪ ðiːz skuːlz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Apollo's noun US /əˈpɑːloʊz/

possessive form of “apollo” — (Greek mythology) Greek god of light; god of prophecy and poetry and music and healing; son of Zeus and Leto; twin brother of Artemis

From this reading “Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.”

diverse adjective US /daɪˈvɜːrs/

many and different

From this reading “Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.”

impel verb US /ˌɪmˈpel/

urge or force (a person) to an action; constrain or motivate

From this reading “Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.”

manifold noun US /ˈmænəfoʊld/

a pipe that has several lateral outlets to or from other pipes

From this reading “Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.”

Muses noun US /ˈmjuːzəz/

plural of “mus” — type genus of the Muridae: common house mice; the tips of the upper incisors have a square notch

From this reading “They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.”

Parnassus noun US /ˌpɑːrˈnæsəs/

(Greek mythology) a mountain in central Greece where (according to Greek mythology) the Muses lived; known as the mythological home of music and poetry

From this reading “Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.”

unaffected adjective US /ˌʌnəˈfektɪd/

undergoing no change when acted upon

From this reading “While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.”

unchallenged adjective US /ənˈtʃælɪndʒd/

generally agreed upon; not subject to dispute

From this reading “Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

1830

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

1832

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

1890

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

alteredadjectiveUS /ˈɔːltərd/

changed in form or character without becoming something else

From this reading While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

Apollo'snounUS /əˈpɑːloʊz/

possessive form of “apollo” — (Greek mythology) Greek god of light; god of prophecy and poetry and music and healing; son of Zeus and Leto; twin brother of Artemis

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

BeneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

BothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

BrowningnounUS /ˈbraʊnɪŋ/

United States inventor of firearms (especially automatic pistols and repeating rifles and a machine gun called the Peacemaker) (1855-1926)

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

disputeverbUS /dɪsˈpjuːt/

take exception to

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

diverseadjectiveUS /daɪˈvɜːrs/

many and different

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

excitedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsaɪtəd/

(of persons) excessively affected by emotion

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

fountainsnounUS /ˈfaʊntənz/

plural of “fountain” — a structure from which an artificially produced jet of water arises

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

generationsnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “generation” — all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

impelverbUS /ˌɪmˈpel/

urge or force (a person) to an action; constrain or motivate

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

impulsesnounUS /ˈɪmpəlsɪz/

plural of “impulse” — an instinctive motive

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

instrumentsnounUS /ˈɪnstrəmənts/

plural of “instrument” — a device that requires skill for proper use

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

knolls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

listenersnounUS /ˈlɪsənərz/

plural of “listener” — someone who listens attentively

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

loftyadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːfti/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.

manifoldnounUS /ˈmænəfoʊld/

a pipe that has several lateral outlets to or from other pipes

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.

mountverbUS /maʊnt/

attach to a support

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

MusesnounUS /ˈmjuːzəz/

plural of “mus” — type genus of the Muridae: common house mice; the tips of the upper incisors have a square notch

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

ParnassusnounUS /ˌpɑːrˈnæsəs/

(Greek mythology) a mountain in central Greece where (according to Greek mythology) the Muses lived; known as the mythological home of music and poetry

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.

peaksnounUS /piːks/

plural of “peak” — the most extreme possible amount or value

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

poeticadjectiveUS /poʊˈetɪk/

of or relating to poetry

From this reading While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.

poetrynounUS /ˈpoʊətri/

literature in metrical form

From this reading While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.

poetsnounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

plural of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

sangnounUS /sæŋ/

North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

schoolsnounUS /skuːlz/

plural of “school” — an educational institution

From this reading While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.

seriouslyadverbUS /ˈsɪriəsli/

in a serious manner

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

sixtyadjectiveUS /ˈsɪksti/

being ten more than fifty

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

smiledverbUS /smaɪld/

past form of “smile” — change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

songnounUS /sɔːŋ/

a short musical composition with words

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

subjectsnounUS /ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/

plural of “subject” — the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

summitsnounUS /ˈsʌmɪts/

plural of “summit” — the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

TennysonnounUS /ˈtenɪsən/

Englishman and Victorian poet (1809-1892)

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

unaffectedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnəˈfektɪd/

undergoing no change when acted upon

From this reading While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.

unchallengedadjectiveUS /ənˈtʃælɪndʒd/

generally agreed upon; not subject to dispute

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

valenounUS /veɪl/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

venturedverbUS /ˈventʃərd/

past form of “venture” — proceed somewhere despite the risk of possible dangers

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

visitants

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

waysnounUS /weɪz/

structure consisting of a sloping way down to the water from the place where ships are built or repaired

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading They had their listeners; the Muses were also their visitants; but none of them ventured seriously to dispute the royal summits where Browning and Tennyson sat, and smiled at one another across the vale between.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While the poetic world altered around them, while two generations of poets made new schools of poetry, they remained, for the most part, unaffected by these schools.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Beneath them, during these years, on the lower knolls of the mount of song, many new poets sang; with diverse instruments, on various subjects, and in manifold ways.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Both began together; and the impulses which came to them from the new and excited world which opened its fountains in and about 1832 continued to impel them till the close of their lives.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Parnassus, Apollo's mount, has two peaks, and on these, for sixty years, from 1830 to 1890,[1] two poets sat, till their right to these lofty peaks became unchallenged.

Chapter 1 of The poetry of Robert Browning by Stopford A. (Stopford Augustus) Brooke holds 639 sentences, grouped into 128 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The poetry of Robert Browning contain?

Chapter 1 holds 639 sentences of The poetry of Robert Browning, unabridged, divided into 128 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The poetry of Robert Browning by Stopford A. (Stopford Augustus) Brooke exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 639 sentences, grouped into 128 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The poetry of Robert Browning?

Work through the 128 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 128 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The poetry of Robert Browning

Common questions about reading The poetry of Robert Browning by Stopford A. (Stopford Augustus) Brooke on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The poetry of Robert Browning?

Yes. All 5167 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #14316 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The poetry of Robert Browning is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #14316, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The poetry of Robert Browning take to read?

About 430 minutes of reading across 1034 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The poetry of Robert Browning section by section

How to work through The poetry of Robert Browning section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of The poetry of Robert Browning to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The poetry of Robert Browning

Words and structures a reader meets early in The poetry of Robert Browning, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Parnassus
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The poetry of Robert Browning; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Apollo's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The poetry of Robert Browning; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mount
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The poetry of Robert Browning; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Peaks
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The poetry of Robert Browning; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.