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The Poor Gentleman
The Poor Gentleman

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Poor Gentleman is here in full — 88 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
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A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.
The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.
As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.
The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.
As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Poor Gentleman

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Poor Gentleman is here in full — 88 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.
Line 2
The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.
/ðə əˈfer meɪd sʌm nɔɪz ənd ˈevəri wʌn wɑːz əˈstɑːnɪʃt æt ðə ˈruːən ʌv ə ˈpɜːrsən huːm ðeɪ kənˈsɪdərd rɪtʃ ənd ˈmaɪzərli/
Line 3
As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.
Line 4
The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.
Line 5
As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.
/æz suːn æz ðə ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən wɑːz meɪd ðə puːr oʊld ˈdʒentəlmən led ɪf ˈpɑːsəbəl ə mɔːr rɪˈtaɪrd laɪf ðæn ˈevər ɪn ˈɔːrdər tuː əˈvɔɪd ˌekspləˈneɪʃənz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Antwerp noun US /ˈæntwərp/

a busy port and financial center in northern Belgium on the Scheldt river; it has long been a center for the diamond industry and the first stock exchange was opened there in 1460

From this reading “As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.”

gossips noun US /ˈɡɑːsəps/

plural of “gossip” — light informal conversation for social occasions

From this reading “As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.”

inserted verb US /ˌɪnˈsɜːrtəd/

past form of “insert” — put or introduce into something

From this reading “A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.”

liability noun US /ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti/

the state of being legally obliged and responsible

From this reading “The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.”

miserly adjective US /ˈmaɪzərli/

(used of persons or behavior) characterized by or indicative of lack of generosity

From this reading “The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.”

predicted verb US /prɪˈdɪktɪd/

past form of “predict” — make a prediction about; tell in advance

From this reading “A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.”

publication noun US /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/

a copy of a printed work offered for distribution

From this reading “As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.”

wretchedly adverb US /ˈretʃɪdli/

in a wretched manner

From this reading “As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

affairnounUS /əˈfer/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

afterwardadverbUS /ˈæftərwərd/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

AntwerpnounUS /ˈæntwərp/

a busy port and financial center in northern Belgium on the Scheldt river; it has long been a center for the diamond industry and the first stock exchange was opened there in 1460

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

astonishedadjectiveUS /əˈstɑːnɪʃt/

filled with the emotional impact of overwhelming surprise or shock

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

avoidverbUS /əˈvɔɪd/

stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

consequencenounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

DenounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

debtsnounUS /dets/

plural of “debt” — the state of owing something (especially money)

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

departurenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

discoververbUS /dɪˈskʌvər/

discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

explanationsnounUS /ˌekspləˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “explanation” — a statement that makes something comprehensible by describing the relevant structure or operation or circumstances etc.

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

fullyadverbUS /ˈfʊli/

to the greatest degree or extent; completely or entirely; (“full” in this sense is used as a combining form)

From this reading The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

genuineadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenjəwən/

not fake or counterfeit

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

gossipsnounUS /ˈɡɑːsəps/

plural of “gossip” — light informal conversation for social occasions

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

insertedverbUS /ˌɪnˈsɜːrtəd/

past form of “insert” — put or introduce into something

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

liabilitynounUS /ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti/

the state of being legally obliged and responsible

From this reading The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

miserlyadjectiveUS /ˈmaɪzərli/

(used of persons or behavior) characterized by or indicative of lack of generosity

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

misfortunenounUS /mɪˈsfɔːrtʃən/

unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event

From this reading The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

motivenounUS /ˈmoʊtɪv/

the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

neighborhoodnounUS /ˈneɪbərhʊd/

a surrounding or nearby region

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

newsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

noisenounUS /nɔɪz/

sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

papersnounUS /ˈpeɪpərz/

writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

placarded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

predictedverbUS /prɪˈdɪktɪd/

past form of “predict” — make a prediction about; tell in advance

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

propertynounUS /ˈprɑːpərti/

something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

publicationnounUS /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/

a copy of a printed work offered for distribution

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

resolvedadjectiveUS /riˈzɑːlvd/

determined

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

retiredadjectiveUS /rɪˈtaɪrd/

no longer active in your work or profession

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

ruinnounUS /ˈruːən/

an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

salenounUS /seɪl/

a particular instance of selling

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

statedadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪtɪd/

declared as fact; explicitly stated

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading As soon as the publication was made, the poor old gentleman led, if possible, a more retired life than ever, in order to avoid explanations.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

unableadjectiveUS /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.

Vlierbeck

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A few days afterward, as De Vlierbeck had predicted, the public sale of all their property was inserted in the papers and placarded over the city and neighborhood.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The cause of his misfortune--that is to say, his liability for his brother--was known, though all the circumstances were not fully understood.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The affair made some noise, and every one was astonished at the ruin of a person whom they considered rich and miserly.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

wretchedlyadverbUS /ˈretʃɪdli/

in a wretched manner

From this reading As the sale was stated to be in consequence of his departure from the country, the gossips would have been unable to discover the genuine motive if the news had not come from Antwerp that De Vlierbeck had resolved to pay his debts and was wretchedly poor.

Chapter 8 of The Poor Gentleman by Hendrik Conscience holds 88 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Poor Gentleman contain?

Chapter 8 holds 88 sentences of The Poor Gentleman, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Poor Gentleman by Hendrik Conscience exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 88 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Poor Gentleman?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Poor Gentleman

Common questions about reading The Poor Gentleman by Hendrik Conscience on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Poor Gentleman?

Yes. All 1638 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13576 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Poor Gentleman is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13576, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Poor Gentleman take to read?

About 136 minutes of reading across 328 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Poor Gentleman section by section

How to work through The Poor Gentleman section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of The Poor Gentleman to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Poor Gentleman

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Poor Gentleman, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Might
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Poor Gentleman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rolling
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Poor Gentleman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Along
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Poor Gentleman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Poor Gentleman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.