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The Portion of Labor
The Portion of Labor

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Portion of Labor is here in full — 134 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Portion of Labor
Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.
Not a girl equalled her, not a boy surpassed her.
When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.
"Well, I guess your father will be pleased enough," she said.
She was hard at work, finishing women's wrappers of cheap cotton.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Portion of Labor

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Portion of Labor is here in full — 134 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.
Line 2
Not a girl equalled her, not a boy surpassed her.
Line 3
When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.
Line 4
"Well, I guess your father will be pleased enough," she said.
/wel aɪ ɡes jɔːr ˈfɑːðər wɪl biː pliːzd ɪˈnʌf ʃiː sed/
Line 5
She was hard at work, finishing women's wrappers of cheap cotton.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cotton noun US /ˈkɑːtən/

soft silky fibers from cotton plants in their raw state

From this reading “She was hard at work, finishing women's wrappers of cheap cotton.”

finishing noun US /ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ/

a decorative texture or appearance of a surface (or the substance that gives it that appearance)

From this reading “She was hard at work, finishing women's wrappers of cheap cotton.”

graduated adjective US /ˈɡrædʒuːeɪtɪd/

marked with or divided into degrees

From this reading “Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.”

graduation noun US /ˌɡrædʒuːˈeɪʃən/

the successful completion of a program of study

From this reading “When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.”

openly adverb US /ˈoʊpənli/

in an open way

From this reading “Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.”

surpassed verb US /sərˈpæst/

past form of “surpass” — distinguish oneself

From this reading “Not a girl equalled her, not a boy surpassed her.”

valedictory adjective US /ˌvæləˈdɪktəri/

of or relating to an occasion or expression of farewell

From this reading “When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.”

wrappers noun US /ˈræpərz/

plural of “wrapper” — a loose dressing gown for women

From this reading “She was hard at work, finishing women's wrappers of cheap cotton.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Not a girl equalled her, not a boy surpassed her.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

announcedadjectiveUS /əˈnaʊnst/

declared publicly; made widely known

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading She was hard at work, finishing women's wrappers of cheap cotton.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "Well, I guess your father will be pleased enough," she said.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading Not a girl equalled her, not a boy surpassed her.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

cheapadjectiveUS /tʃiːp/

relatively low in price or charging low prices

From this reading She was hard at work, finishing women's wrappers of cheap cotton.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.

cottonnounUS /ˈkɑːtən/

soft silky fibers from cotton plants in their raw state

From this reading She was hard at work, finishing women's wrappers of cheap cotton.

Ellen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading "Well, I guess your father will be pleased enough," she said.

equalled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not a girl equalled her, not a boy surpassed her.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading "Well, I guess your father will be pleased enough," she said.

finishingnounUS /ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ/

a decorative texture or appearance of a surface (or the substance that gives it that appearance)

From this reading She was hard at work, finishing women's wrappers of cheap cotton.

flashedverbUS /flæʃt/

past form of “flash” — gleam or glow intermittently

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

flowernounUS /ˈflaʊər/

a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading Not a girl equalled her, not a boy surpassed her.

graduatedadjectiveUS /ˈɡrædʒuːeɪtɪd/

marked with or divided into degrees

From this reading Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.

graduationnounUS /ˌɡrædʒuːˈeɪʃən/

the successful completion of a program of study

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

guessverbUS /ɡes/

expect, believe, or suppose

From this reading "Well, I guess your father will be pleased enough," she said.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading She was hard at work, finishing women's wrappers of cheap cotton.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "Well, I guess your father will be pleased enough," she said.

joynounUS /dʒɔɪ/

the emotion of great happiness

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

mother'snounUS /ˈmʌðərz/

possessive form of “mother” — a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not a girl equalled her, not a boy surpassed her.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

openlyadverbUS /ˈoʊpənli/

in an open way

From this reading Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

pleasedadjectiveUS /pliːzd/

experiencing or manifesting pleasure

From this reading "Well, I guess your father will be pleased enough," she said.

pronouncedadjectiveUS /prəˈnaʊnst/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.

pureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "Well, I guess your father will be pleased enough," she said.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

surpassedverbUS /sərˈpæst/

past form of “surpass” — distinguish oneself

From this reading Not a girl equalled her, not a boy surpassed her.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

valedictoryadjectiveUS /ˌvæləˈdɪktəri/

of or relating to an occasion or expression of farewell

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.

WelladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading "Well, I guess your father will be pleased enough," she said.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Ellen, when she graduated, was openly pronounced the flower of her class.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading "Well, I guess your father will be pleased enough," she said.

women's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was hard at work, finishing women's wrappers of cheap cotton.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading She was hard at work, finishing women's wrappers of cheap cotton.

wrappersnounUS /ˈræpərz/

plural of “wrapper” — a loose dressing gown for women

From this reading She was hard at work, finishing women's wrappers of cheap cotton.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

youngeradjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡər/

used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father

From this reading When Ellen came home one night about two months before her graduation, and announced that she was to have the valedictory, such a light of pure joy flashed over her mother's face that she looked ten years younger.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Well, I guess your father will be pleased enough," she said.

Chapter 10 of The Portion of Labor by Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman holds 134 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Portion of Labor contain?

Chapter 10 holds 134 sentences of The Portion of Labor, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Portion of Labor by Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 134 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Portion of Labor?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Portion of Labor

Common questions about reading The Portion of Labor by Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Portion of Labor?

Yes. All 9828 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #18011 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Portion of Labor is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #18011, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Portion of Labor take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1966 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Portion of Labor section by section

How to work through The Portion of Labor section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Portion of Labor to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Portion of Labor

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Portion of Labor, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Greatest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Portion of Labor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Complexity
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Portion of Labor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Portion of Labor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Attends
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Portion of Labor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.