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The Potiphar Papers
The Potiphar Papers

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Potiphar Papers is here in full — 448 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Potiphar Papers
Context Illustration Reading 1/89 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.
I am not at all angry with them.
On the contrary, when they dance well I look on with pleasure.
Man ought to dance, but he ought to do something else, too.
All genial gentlemen in all ages have danced.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Potiphar Papers

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Potiphar Papers is here in full — 448 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/89 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.
Line 2
I am not at all angry with them.
/aɪ æm nɑːt æt ɔːl ˈæŋɡri wɪð ðem/
Line 3
On the contrary, when they dance well I look on with pleasure.
/ɑːn ðə ˈkɑːntreri wen ðeɪ dæns wel aɪ lʊk ɑːn wɪð ˈpleʒər/
Line 4
Man ought to dance, but he ought to do something else, too.
Line 5
All genial gentlemen in all ages have danced.
/ɔːl ˈdʒiːnjəl ˈdʒentəlmɪn ɪn ɔːl ˈeɪdʒəz hæv dænst/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cabbages noun US /ˈkæbɪdʒɪz/

plural of “cabbage” — any of various types of cabbage

From this reading “It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.”

clay noun US /kleɪ/

a very fine-grained soil that is plastic when moist but hard when fired

From this reading “It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.”

danced verb US /dænst/

past form of “dance” — move in a graceful and rhythmical way

From this reading “All genial gentlemen in all ages have danced.”

deliberately adverb US /dɪˈlɪbərətli/

with intention; in an intentional manner

From this reading “It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.”

genial adjective US /ˈdʒiːnjəl/

diffusing warmth and friendliness

From this reading “All genial gentlemen in all ages have danced.”

prefer verb US /prəˈfɜːr/

like better; value more highly

From this reading “It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.”

spectacle noun US /ˈspektəkəl/

something or someone seen (especially a notable or unusual sight)

From this reading “It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.”

whimsical adjective US /ˈwɪmzɪkəl/

determined by chance or impulse or whim rather than by necessity or reason

From this reading “It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.”

All words in this reading · 55

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

absurdadjectiveUS /əbˈsɜːrd/

inconsistent with reason or logic or common sense

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

agesnounUS /ˈeɪdʒəz/

plural of “age” — how long something has existed

From this reading All genial gentlemen in all ages have danced.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading I am not at all angry with them.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading I am not at all angry with them.

angryadjectiveUS /ˈæŋɡri/

feeling or showing anger

From this reading I am not at all angry with them.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I am not at all angry with them.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Man ought to dance, but he ought to do something else, too.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

cabbagesnounUS /ˈkæbɪdʒɪz/

plural of “cabbage” — any of various types of cabbage

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

claynounUS /kleɪ/

a very fine-grained soil that is plastic when moist but hard when fired

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

contraryadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːntreri/

very opposed in nature or character or purpose

From this reading On the contrary, when they dance well I look on with pleasure.

dancenounUS /dæns/

an artistic form of nonverbal communication

From this reading On the contrary, when they dance well I look on with pleasure.

dancedverbUS /dænst/

past form of “dance” — move in a graceful and rhythmical way

From this reading All genial gentlemen in all ages have danced.

deliberatelyadverbUS /dɪˈlɪbərətli/

with intention; in an intentional manner

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Man ought to dance, but he ought to do something else, too.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Man ought to dance, but he ought to do something else, too.

genialadjectiveUS /ˈdʒiːnjəl/

diffusing warmth and friendliness

From this reading All genial gentlemen in all ages have danced.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading All genial gentlemen in all ages have danced.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading All genial gentlemen in all ages have danced.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Man ought to dance, but he ought to do something else, too.

heroes-because

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I am not at all angry with them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading All genial gentlemen in all ages have danced.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading On the contrary, when they dance well I look on with pleasure.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

MannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Man ought to dance, but he ought to do something else, too.

manikins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I am not at all angry with them.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the contrary, when they dance well I look on with pleasure.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading Man ought to dance, but he ought to do something else, too.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading On the contrary, when they dance well I look on with pleasure.

Plutarch's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

preferverbUS /prəˈfɜːr/

like better; value more highly

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

rosesnounUS /ˈroʊzɪz/

plural of “rose” — any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading Man ought to dance, but he ought to do something else, too.

spectaclenounUS /ˈspektəkəl/

something or someone seen (especially a notable or unusual sight)

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading I am not at all angry with them.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Man ought to dance, but he ought to do something else, too.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading On the contrary, when they dance well I look on with pleasure.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading On the contrary, when they dance well I look on with pleasure.

whimsicaladjectiveUS /ˈwɪmzɪkəl/

determined by chance or impulse or whim rather than by necessity or reason

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It is whimsical, because this absurd spectacle is presented by manikins who are made of the same clay as Plutarch’s heroes-because, deliberately, they prefer cabbages to roses.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I am not at all angry with them.

Chapter 3 of The Potiphar Papers by George William Curtis holds 448 sentences, grouped into 90 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Potiphar Papers contain?

Chapter 3 holds 448 sentences of The Potiphar Papers, unabridged, divided into 90 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Potiphar Papers by George William Curtis exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 448 sentences, grouped into 90 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Potiphar Papers?

Work through the 90 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 90 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Potiphar Papers

Common questions about reading The Potiphar Papers by George William Curtis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Potiphar Papers?

Yes. All 2223 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6453 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Potiphar Papers is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6453, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Potiphar Papers take to read?

About 185 minutes of reading across 445 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Potiphar Papers section by section

How to work through The Potiphar Papers section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 5 chapters of The Potiphar Papers to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Potiphar Papers

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Potiphar Papers, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Imagination
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Potiphar Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fondly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Potiphar Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stoops
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Potiphar Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Trace
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Potiphar Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.