used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/
on the subject of; concerning
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
aggrandizementnounUS /ˈæɡrəndaɪzmənt/
the act of increasing the wealth or prestige or power or scope of something
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/
the -ing form of “be”
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another
From this reading "You will have two-thirds of the better element with you," said Senator Gruff, "and by that I mean the richer element."
on the far side of; further than
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
To consume or be consumed by fire.
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
showing who or what does the action
From this reading "You will have two-thirds of the better element with you," said Senator Gruff, "and by that I mean the richer element."
a visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
commencedverbUS /kəˈmenst/
past form of “commence” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
concealmentnounUS /kənˈsiːlmənt/
the condition of being concealed or hidden
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
convictionsnounUS /kənˈvɪkʃənz/
plural of “conviction” — an unshakable belief in something without need for proof or evidence
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
the time during which someone's life continues
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
state emphatically and authoritatively
From this reading Senator Gruff urged him to declare for gold.
dislikingverbUS /dɪˈslaɪkɪŋ/
-ing form of “dislike” — have or feel a dislike or distaste for
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
one or the other of two
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
elementnounUS /ˈeləmənt/
an abstract part of something
From this reading "You will have two-thirds of the better element with you," said Senator Gruff, "and by that I mean the richer element."
embraceverbUS /emˈbreɪs/
include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one's sphere or territory
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/
all the members of a group, with none left out
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
financenounUS /fəˈnæns/
the commercial activity of providing funds and capital
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/
preceding all others in time or space or degree
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
FOOLISHLYadverbUS /ˈfuːlɪʃli/
without good sense or judgment
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
coins made of gold
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
gold-bug
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
the head of a state government
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
shoot down, of birds
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
GruffadjectiveUS /ɡrʌf/
brusque and surly and forbidding
From this reading Senator Gruff urged him to declare for gold.
Hanway
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/
used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses
From this reading "You will have two-thirds of the better element with you," said Senator Gruff, "and by that I mean the richer element."
the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
HOW
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb
From this reading "You will have two-thirds of the better element with you," said Senator Gruff, "and by that I mean the richer element."
imperiousadjUS /ɪmˈpɪr.i.əs/
Assuming power or authority without justification; arrogant and domineering. (Hách dịch, độc đoán, kiêu kỳ.)
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
a search for knowledge
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
insectnounUS /ˈɪnsekt/
small air-breathing arthropod
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
issueverbUS /ˈɪʃuː/
prepare and issue for public distribution or sale
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
mean or intend to express or convey
From this reading "You will have two-thirds of the better element with you," said Senator Gruff, "and by that I mean the richer element."
the force of workers available
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
a communication (usually brief) that is written or spoken or signaled
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
monstrousadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːnstrəs/
abnormally large
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
something that baffles understanding and cannot be explained
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
not any; not one
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
ObstinateadjectiveUS /ˈɑːbstənət/
tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
used to mean any person in general, including the speaker
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
openlyadverbUS /ˈoʊpənli/
in an open way
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
used to join alternatives or possibilities
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
belonging to the speaker and others
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
an organization to gain political power
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
patriotismnounUS /ˈpeɪtriətɪzəm/
love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
experiencing or manifesting pleasure
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
richeradjectiveUS /ˈrɪtʃər/
comparative of “rich” — possessing material wealth
From this reading "You will have two-thirds of the better element with you," said Senator Gruff, "and by that I mean the richer element."
being the one previously mentioned or spoken of
From this reading "You will have two-thirds of the better element with you," said Senator Gruff, "and by that I mean the richer element."
self-interestnounUS /ˈselˈfɪntrəst/
taking advantage of opportunities without regard for the consequences for others
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
SenatornounUS /ˈsenətər/
a member of a senate
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
silver-bug
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/
from a time in the past until now
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
sinuousadjectiveUS /ˈsɪnwəs/
curved or curving in and out
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
skulkingnounUS /ˈskʌlkɪŋ/
evading duty or work by pretending to be incapacitated
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
statesmannounUS /ˈsteɪtsmən/
a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
STORRI
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
straddlebug
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
stubbornlyadverbUS /ˈstʌbərnli/
in a stubborn unregenerate manner
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
To perceive flavor through the mouth.
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
belonging to the people or things already mentioned
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
tolerateverbUS /ˈtɑːləreɪt/
put up with something or somebody unpleasant
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
troublousadjective
full of trouble
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
two-thirdsnounUS /ˌtuːˈθɜːrdz/
two of three equal parts of a divisible whole
From this reading "You will have two-thirds of the better element with you," said Senator Gruff, "and by that I mean the richer element."
know and comprehend the nature or meaning of
From this reading Men could understand a gold-bug or a silver-bug, and either embrace or tolerate him according to the color of their convictions.
past form of “urge” — force or impel in an indicated direction
From this reading Senator Gruff urged him to declare for gold.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
which person or people
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
belonging to which person
From this reading But that monstrous insect of finance, the straddlebug, pleased no one; and since Senator Hanway, whose patriotism was self-interest and who possessed no principle beyond the principle of personal aggrandizement, was on every issue a straddlebug, finance first of all, our sinuous statesman commenced to taste troublous days.
used to talk about the future, or about willingness
From this reading "You will have two-thirds of the better element with you," said Senator Gruff, "and by that I mean the richer element."
in the company of; together with
From this reading "You will have two-thirds of the better element with you," said Senator Gruff, "and by that I mean the richer element."
inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work
From this reading HOW STORRI FOOLISHLY WROTE A MESSAGE Governor Obstinate being stubbornly and openly for gold, party opinion, disliking concealment and skulking mystery, began to burn the grass of imperious inquiry about the feet of Senator Hanway.
the person or people being spoken to
From this reading "You will have two-thirds of the better element with you," said Senator Gruff, "and by that I mean the richer element."
