used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
touching and pressing; in opposition to
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
move towards
From this reading At the approach of the Roman army, the strangers withdrew from the city.
past form of “approach” — move towards
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
arraynounUS /ərˈeɪ/
an orderly arrangement
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
in or near a particular place or position
From this reading At the approach of the Roman army, the strangers withdrew from the city.
an unofficial association of people or groups
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
barbariansnounUS /bɑːrˈberiənz/
plural of “barbarian” — a member of an uncivilized people
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
earlier than; in front of
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
showing who or what does the action
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
an unshakable belief in something without need for proof or evidence
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
a politically organized body of people under a single government
From this reading Even the women preferred to die, rather than survive the ruin of their country.
arising from or marked by despair or loss of hope
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life
From this reading Even the women preferred to die, rather than survive the ruin of their country.
disciplinenounUS /ˈdɪsəplən/
a branch of knowledge
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
discordantadjectiveUS /dɪˈskɔːrdənt/
not in agreement or harmony
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
an opposing military force
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
divisible by two
From this reading Even the women preferred to die, rather than survive the ruin of their country.
evincedverbUS /ɪˈvɪnst/
past form of “evince” — give expression to
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
factionsnounUS /ˈfækʃənz/
plural of “faction” — a clique (often secret) that seeks power usually through intrigue
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
foenounUS /foʊ/
an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
fortificationsnounUS /ˌfɔːrtəfəˈkeɪʃənz/
plural of “fortification” — defensive structure consisting of walls or mounds built around a stronghold to strengthen it
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
showing where something starts, or who sent it
From this reading At the approach of the Roman army, the strangers withdrew from the city.
goadedadjectiveUS /ˈɡoʊdɪd/
compelled forcibly by an outside agency
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
a specific instance of feeling hopeful
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
incessantadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsesənt/
uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
InferioradjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈfɪriər/
of or characteristic of low rank or importance
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
insolencenounUS /ˈɪnsələns/
the trait of being rude and impertinent; inclined to take liberties
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
JerusalemnounUS /dʒərˈuːsələm/
capital and largest city of the modern state of Israel (although its status as capital is disputed)
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
a person who rules or guides or inspires others
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
leagued
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
not any; not one
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
the fourth book of the Old Testament; contains a record of the number of Israelites who followed Moses out of Egypt
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
patriotismnounUS /ˈpeɪtriətɪzəm/
love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
situated in a particular spot or position
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
preferredadjectiveUS /prəˈfɜːrd/
more desirable than another
From this reading Even the women preferred to die, rather than survive the ruin of their country.
preparationsnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz/
plural of “preparation” — the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
on the contrary
From this reading Even the women preferred to die, rather than survive the ruin of their country.
rebelnounUS /ˈrebəl/
“Johnny” was applied as a nickname for Confederate soldiers by the Federal soldiers in the American Civil War; “greyback” derived from their grey Confederate uniforms
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
past form of “render” — cause to become
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
resistancenounUS /rɪˈzɪstəns/
the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
RomanadjectiveUS /ˈroʊmən/
relating to or characteristic of people of Rome
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction
From this reading Even the women preferred to die, rather than survive the ruin of their country.
concerned with religion or religious purposes
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
plural of “stranger” — anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found
From this reading At the approach of the Roman army, the strangers withdrew from the city.
the property of being physically or mentally strong
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
subdueverbUS /səbˈduː/
put down by force or intimidation
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
confined on all sides
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
surviveverbUS /sərˈvaɪv/
continue to live and avoid dying
From this reading Even the women preferred to die, rather than survive the ruin of their country.
place of worship consisting of an edifice for the worship of a deity
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
used to introduce the second part of a comparison
From this reading Even the women preferred to die, rather than survive the ruin of their country.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
belonging to the people or things already mentioned
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
in contact with each other or in proximity
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
tyrantnounUS /ˈtaɪrənt/
a cruel and oppressive dictator
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
uncommonadjectiveUS /ənˈkɑːmən/
not common or ordinarily encountered; unusually great in amount or remarkable in character or kind
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
unconquerableadjective
not capable of being conquered or vanquished or overcome
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
usurpations
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Jerusalem, goaded on to resistance by the incessant usurpations and insolence of Rome, leagued together its discordant factions to rebel against the common enemy and tyrant.
plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
at the time that
From this reading When the Roman army approached the walls of the sacred city, its preparations, its discipline, and its numbers, evinced the conviction of its leader, that he had no common barbarians to subdue.
in the company of; together with
From this reading Inferior to their foe in all but the unconquerable hope of liberty, they surrounded their city with fortifications of uncommon strength, and placed in array before the temple a band rendered desperate by patriotism and religion.
withdrewverbUS /wɪθˈdruː/
inflected form of “withdraw” — pull back or move away or backward
From this reading At the approach of the Roman army, the strangers withdrew from the city.
plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)
From this reading Even the women preferred to die, rather than survive the ruin of their country.
![The Prose Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley, Vol. 2 [of 2]](/static/images/covers-gen/the-prose-works-of-percy-bysshe-shelley-vol-2-of-2.academy.webp)