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The Ragged Edge
The Ragged Edge

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Ragged Edge is here in full — 236 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Ragged Edge
Context Illustration Reading 1/47 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.
The coconut plantation covered the west side.
From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.
The south-east end of the island was hillocky, with volcanic subsoil.
There was plenty of sweet water.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Ragged Edge

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Ragged Edge is here in full — 236 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/47 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.
Line 2
The coconut plantation covered the west side.
/ðə ˈkoʊkənʌt ˌplænˈteɪʃən ˈkʌvərd ðə west saɪd/
Line 3
From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.
Line 4
The south-east end of the island was hillocky, with volcanic subsoil.
Line 5
There was plenty of sweet water.
/ðer wɑːz ˈplenti ʌv swiːt ˈwɔːtər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bamboo noun US /bæmˈbuː/

the hard woody stems of bamboo plants; used in construction and crafts and fishing poles

From this reading “From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.”

coconut noun US /ˈkoʊkənʌt/

the edible white meat of a coconut; often shredded for use in e.g. cakes and curries

From this reading “The coconut plantation covered the west side.”

fern noun US /fɜːrn/

any of numerous flowerless and seedless vascular plants having true roots from a rhizome and fronds that uncurl upward; reproduce by spores

From this reading “From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.”

grasses noun US /ˈɡræsəz/

plural of “grass” — narrow-leaved green herbage: grown as lawns; used as pasture for grazing animals; cut and dried as hay

From this reading “From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.”

oyster noun US /ˈɔɪstər/

marine mollusks having a rough irregular shell; found on the sea bed mostly in coastal waters

From this reading “McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.”

plantain noun US /ˈplæntən/

any of numerous plants of the genus Plantago; mostly small roadside or dooryard weeds with elliptic leaves and small spikes of very small flowers; seeds of some used medicinally

From this reading “From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.”

subsoil noun US /ˈsʌbsɔɪl/

the layer of soil between the topsoil and bedrock

From this reading “The south-east end of the island was hillocky, with volcanic subsoil.”

volcanic adjective US /vɑːlˈkænɪk/

relating to or produced by or consisting of volcanoes

From this reading “The south-east end of the island was hillocky, with volcanic subsoil.”

All words in this reading · 52

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

bamboonounUS /bæmˈbuː/

the hard woody stems of bamboo plants; used in construction and crafts and fishing poles

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

beachnounUS /biːtʃ/

an area of sand sloping down to the water of a sea or lake

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

chokingadjectiveUS /ˈtʃoʊ.kɪŋ/

Causing difficulty in breathing.

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

coconutnounUS /ˈkoʊkənʌt/

the edible white meat of a coconut; often shredded for use in e.g. cakes and curries

From this reading The coconut plantation covered the west side.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading The coconut plantation covered the west side.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading The south-east end of the island was hillocky, with volcanic subsoil.

fernnounUS /fɜːrn/

any of numerous flowerless and seedless vascular plants having true roots from a rhizome and fronds that uncurl upward; reproduce by spores

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

grassesnounUS /ˈɡræsəz/

plural of “grass” — narrow-leaved green herbage: grown as lawns; used as pasture for grazing animals; cut and dried as hay

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

gum-tree

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

hillocky

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The south-east end of the island was hillocky, with volcanic subsoil.

hugeadjectiveUS /hjuːdʒ/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

inlandadjectiveUS /ˈɪnlænd/

situated away from an area's coast or border

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

islandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

junglenounUS /ˈdʒʌŋɡəl/

a location marked by an intense competition and struggle for survival

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

McClintock's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

milenounUS /maɪl/

a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

oysternounUS /ˈɔɪstər/

marine mollusks having a rough irregular shell; found on the sea bed mostly in coastal waters

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

palmsnounUS /pɑːmz/

plural of “palm” — the inner surface of the hand from the wrist to the base of the fingers

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

plantainnounUS /ˈplæntən/

any of numerous plants of the genus Plantago; mostly small roadside or dooryard weeds with elliptic leaves and small spikes of very small flowers; seeds of some used medicinally

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

plantationnounUS /ˌplænˈteɪʃən/

an estate where cash crops are grown on a large scale (especially in tropical areas)

From this reading The coconut plantation covered the west side.

plentynounUS /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading There was plenty of sweet water.

quarternounUS /ˈkwɔːrtər/

one of four equal parts

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

rowsnounUS /roʊz/

plural of “row” — an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

sandalwoodnoun

close-grained fragrant yellowish heartwood of the true sandalwood; has insect repelling properties and is used for carving and cabinetwork

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

serriedadjective

(especially of rows as of troops or mountains) pressed together

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

shapenounUS /ʃeɪp/

any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline)

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The coconut plantation covered the west side.

south-eastadverb

to, toward, or in the southeast

From this reading The south-east end of the island was hillocky, with volcanic subsoil.

subsoilnounUS /ˈsʌbsɔɪl/

the layer of soil between the topsoil and bedrock

From this reading The south-east end of the island was hillocky, with volcanic subsoil.

sweetadjectiveUS /swiːt/

having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading There was plenty of sweet water.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was plenty of sweet water.

twelvenounUS /twelv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

volcanicadjectiveUS /vɑːlˈkænɪk/

relating to or produced by or consisting of volcanoes

From this reading The south-east end of the island was hillocky, with volcanic subsoil.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading There was plenty of sweet water.

westnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading The coconut plantation covered the west side.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading From the white beach the palms ran in serried rows quarter of a mile inland, then began a jungle of bamboo, gum-tree, sandalwood, plantain, huge fern, and choking grasses.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading McClintock's island was twelve miles long and eight miles wide, with the shape of an oyster.

Chapter 20 of The Ragged Edge by Harold MacGrath holds 236 sentences, grouped into 48 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Ragged Edge contain?

Chapter 20 holds 236 sentences of The Ragged Edge, unabridged, divided into 48 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Ragged Edge by Harold MacGrath exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 236 sentences, grouped into 48 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Ragged Edge?

Work through the 48 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 48 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Ragged Edge

Common questions about reading The Ragged Edge by Harold MacGrath on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Ragged Edge?

Yes. All 5928 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #15614 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Ragged Edge is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #15614, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Ragged Edge take to read?

About 494 minutes of reading across 1186 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Ragged Edge section by section

How to work through The Ragged Edge section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of The Ragged Edge to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Ragged Edge

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Ragged Edge, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Lived
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ragged Edge; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Street
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ragged Edge; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Canton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ragged Edge; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Guide
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ragged Edge; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.