Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Railway Conquest of the World
The Railway Conquest of the World

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of The Railway Conquest of the World is here in full — 246 sentences across 50 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Railway Conquest of the World
Context Illustration Reading 1/49 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”
This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.
But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.
It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.
But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Railway Conquest of the World

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of The Railway Conquest of the World is here in full — 246 sentences across 50 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/49 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”
Line 2
This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.
Line 3
But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.
/bʌt ðæt kənˈsaɪs ˈsteɪtmənt kənˈsiːld wʌn ʌv ðə moʊst roʊˈmæntɪk ˈstɔːriz ɪn ðə ˈhɪstəri ʌv ˈreɪlweɪ ˈendʒəˈnɪrɪŋ ʌv ɡrɪm ˈbætəlz ˈevəri ˈaʊər ˈiːðər əˈɡenst ðə ˈhɑːstəl ˈfɔːrsɪz ʌv ˈneɪtʃər ɔːr ʌv ˈmænˈkaɪnd/
Line 4
It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.
Line 5
But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.
/bʌt fɔːr sʌm jɪrz bɪˈfɔːr ðə speɪd wɑːz ˈdrɪvən ˈɪntuː ðə ɜːrθ tuː ˈsɪɡnəl ðə kəˈmensmənt ʌv ðɪs ˈentərpraɪz ðə aɪˈdiːə hæd bɪn ˈkɑːntəmpleɪtɪd ənd dɪˈskʌst ɪn ə mɔːr ɔːr les ˌækəˈdemɪk ˈmænər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

academic adjective US /ˌækəˈdemɪk/

associated with academia or an academy

From this reading “But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.”

concise adjective US /kənˈsaɪs/

expressing much in few words

From this reading “But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.”

gorges noun US /ˈɡɔːrdʒəz/

plural of “gorge” — a deep ravine (usually with a river running through it)

From this reading “THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.””

hemisphere noun US /ˈhemɪsfɪr/

half of the terrestrial globe

From this reading “It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.”

Huntington noun US /ˈhʌntɪŋtən/

United States physician who first described Huntington's chorea

From this reading “This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.”

obstructions noun US /əbˈstrʌkʃənz/

plural of “obstruction” — any structure that makes progress difficult

From this reading “THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.””

scarcity noun US /ˈskersɪti/

a small and inadequate amount

From this reading “THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.””

terse adjective US /tɜːrs/

brief and to the point; effectively cut short

From this reading “This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

northern hemisphere adjective + noun

the hemisphere that is to the north of the equator

In this reading “It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.”

hostile forces adjective + noun counted as “hostile force”

In this reading “But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.”

steep mountains adjective + noun counted as “steep mountain”

In this reading “THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.””

romantic stories adjective + noun counted as “romantic story”

In this reading “But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.”

most romantic adverb + adjective

In this reading “But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.”

long line adjective + noun

In this reading “THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.””

of mankind preposition + noun

In this reading “But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.”

some years adjective + noun

In this reading “But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.”

All words in this reading · 137

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

120

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

1863

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

academicadjectiveUS /ˌækəˈdemɪk/

associated with academia or an academy

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

ACROSSprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

AtlanticnounUS /ətˈlæntɪk/

the 2nd largest ocean; separates North and South America on the west from Europe and Africa on the east

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

battlesnounUS /ˈbætəlz/

plural of “battle” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

bondnounUS /bɑːnd/

an electrical force linking atoms

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

changedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/

made or become different in nature or form

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

Collis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

commencementnounUS /kəˈmensmənt/

the time at which something is supposed to begin

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

completelyadverbUS /kəmˈpliːtli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

concealedadjectiveUS /kənˈsiːld/

not accessible to view

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

conciseadjectiveUS /kənˈsaɪs/

expressing much in few words

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

CongressnounUS /ˈkɑːŋɡrəs/

the legislature of the United States government

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

constructionnounUS /kənˈstrʌkʃən/

the act of constructing something

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

contemplatedverbUS /ˈkɑːntəmpleɪtɪd/

past form of “contemplate” — look at thoughtfully; observe deep in thought

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

desertsnounUS /ˈdezərts/

plural of “desert” — arid land with little or no vegetation

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

destinedadjectiveUS /ˈdestɪnd/

headed or intending to head in a certain direction; often used as a combining form as in “college-bound students”

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

difficultiesnounUS /ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

discussedverbUS /dɪˈskʌst/

past form of “discuss” — to consider or examine in speech or writing

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

engineeringnounUS /ˈendʒəˈnɪrɪŋ/

the practical application of technical and scientific knowledge to commerce or industry

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

enterprisenounUS /ˈentərpraɪz/

a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

excessnounUS /ˈekses/

a quantity much larger than is needed

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

FIRSTadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

flatsnounUS /flæts/

footwear (shoes or slippers) with no heel (or a very low heel)

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

flowingnounUS /ˈfloʊɪŋ/

the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases)

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

Francisco

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

gorgesnounUS /ˈɡɔːrdʒəz/

plural of “gorge” — a deep ravine (usually with a river running through it)

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

grimadjectiveUS /ɡrɪm/

not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

heatnounUS /hiːt/

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

hemispherenounUS /ˈhemɪsfɪr/

half of the terrestrial globe

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

hostileadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːstəl/

characterized by enmity or ill will

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

HuntingtonnounUS /ˈhʌntɪŋtən/

United States physician who first described Huntington's chorea

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

keepingnounUS /ˈkiːpɪŋ/

conformity or harmony

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

labournounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

linkedadjectiveUS /lɪŋkt/

connected by a link, as railway cars or trailer trucks

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

mankindnounUS /ˈmænˈkaɪnd/

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

movingadjectiveUS /ˈmuːvɪŋ/

in motion

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

obstructionsnounUS /əbˈstrʌkʃənz/

plural of “obstruction” — any structure that makes progress difficult

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

one-halfnoun

one of two equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

PnounUS /piː/

a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

PacificnounUS /pəˈsɪfɪk/

the largest ocean in the world

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

railwaynounUS /ˈreɪlweɪ/

line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

relatedadjectiveUS /rɪˈleɪtɪd/

being connected either logically or causally or by shared characteristics

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

rocknounUS /rɑːk/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

romanticadjectiveUS /roʊˈmæntɪk/

belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

San

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

scarcitynounUS /ˈskersɪti/

a small and inadequate amount

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

signalnounUS /ˈsɪɡnəl/

any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

snowsnounUS /snoʊz/

plural of “snow” — precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

sodnounUS /sɑːd/

surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

spadenounUS /speɪd/

a playing card in the major suit that has one or more black figures on it

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

spiritsnounUS /ˈspɪrɪts/

an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

statementnounUS /ˈsteɪtmənt/

a message that is stated or declared; a communication (oral or written) setting forth particulars or facts etc

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

STATESnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

steelnounUS /stiːl/

an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

steepadjectiveUS /stiːp/

having a sharp inclination

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

storiesnounUS /ˈstɔːriz/

plural of “story” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading But that concise statement concealed one of the most romantic stories in the history of railway engineering: of grim battles every hour either against the hostile forces of nature or of mankind.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

terseadjectiveUS /tɜːrs/

brief and to the point; effectively cut short

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

timbernounUS /ˈtɪmbər/

the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

trafficnounUS /ˈtræfɪk/

the aggregation of things (pedestrians or vehicles) coming and going in a particular locality during a specified period of time

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

TRANS-CONTINENTAL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

tremendousadjectiveUS /trəˈmendəs/

extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

undertakingnounUS /ˈʌndərteɪkɪŋ/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

UNITEDadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading THE FIRST TRANS-CONTINENTAL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES “There were difficulties from end to end: from high and steep mountains; from snows; from deserts where there was a scarcity of water, and from gorges and flats where there was an excess; difficulties from cold and heat; from a scarcity of timber and from obstructions of rock; difficulties in keeping a large force on a long line; from Indians; and from want of labour.”

whereby

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading This was the terse story related to the United States Congress by Collis P. Huntington, one of the moving spirits of what, at that time, was a tremendous undertaking--the construction of the first railway across North America whereby the Atlantic was linked with the Pacific by a bond of steel.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading But for some years before the spade was driven into the earth to signal the commencement of this enterprise, the idea had been contemplated and discussed in a more or less academic manner.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading It was in 1863 that the first sod was turned in the construction of the first line which was destined to bring San Francisco within 120 hours’ journey of New York, and which changed completely the whole stream of traffic flowing round one-half of the northern hemisphere.

Chapter 6 of The Railway Conquest of the World by Frederick Arthur Ambrose Talbot holds 246 sentences, grouped into 50 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of The Railway Conquest of the World contain?

Chapter 6 holds 246 sentences of The Railway Conquest of the World, unabridged, divided into 50 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of The Railway Conquest of the World by Frederick Arthur Ambrose Talbot exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 246 sentences, grouped into 50 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of The Railway Conquest of the World?

Work through the 50 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 50 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Railway Conquest of the World

Common questions about reading The Railway Conquest of the World by Frederick Arthur Ambrose Talbot on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Railway Conquest of the World?

Yes. All 4385 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #66868 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Railway Conquest of the World is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #66868, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Railway Conquest of the World take to read?

About 365 minutes of reading across 877 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Railway Conquest of the World section by section

How to work through The Railway Conquest of the World section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 27 chapters of The Railway Conquest of the World to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Railway Conquest of the World

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Railway Conquest of the World, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Railway Conquest of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Garden
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Railway Conquest of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Canada
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Railway Conquest of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Making
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Railway Conquest of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.