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The Reason Why
The Reason Why

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of The Reason Why is here in full — 132 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The gardens at Wrayth were famous.
The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.
They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.
And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.
Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Reason Why

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of The Reason Why is here in full — 132 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The gardens at Wrayth were famous.
Line 2
The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.
/ðə ˈnætʃərəl ˈbjuːti ʌv ðer pəˈzɪʃən ənd ðə ˈendləs ker ʌv ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃənz ʌv ˈlʌvɪŋ ˈmɪstrəsəz hæd left ðem ə ˈmɑːnjuːmənt ʌv wʌt ˈneɪtʃər kæn biː treɪnd ˈɪntuː baɪ ˈhjuːmən skɪl/
Line 3
They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.
/ðeɪ hæd ˈɔːlsoʊ ɪn ðə eɪˈtiːnθ ˈsentʃəri baɪ sʌm ˈhæpi tʃæns ɪˈskeɪpt ðə hænd ʌv ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti braʊn/
Line 4
And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.
/ənd ˌɪnˈsted ʌv ˈpʊlɪŋ əˈbaʊt ənd ˈɔːltərɪŋ ðə teɪst ʌv ðə ˈpredəsesər ðə səkˈsesɪv ˈoʊnərz hæd juːzd freʃ ɡraʊnd fɔːr ðer ˈfænsiz/
Line 5
Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

altering noun US /ˈɔːltərɪŋ/

the sterilization of an animal

From this reading “And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.”

Capability noun US /ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/

the quality of being capable -- physically or intellectually or legally

From this reading “They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.”

eighteenth adjective US /eɪˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the seventeenth in position

From this reading “They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.”

intact adjective US /ˌɪnˈtækt/

constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged

From this reading “Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.”

mistresses noun US /ˈmɪstrəsəz/

plural of “mistress” — an adulterous woman; a woman who has an ongoing extramarital sexual relationship with a man

From this reading “The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.”

owners noun US /ˈoʊnərz/

plural of “owner” — (law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading “And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.”

predecessor noun US /ˈpredəsesər/

one who precedes you in time (as in holding a position or office)

From this reading “And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.”

successive adjective US /səkˈsesɪv/

in regular succession without gaps

From this reading “And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.

alteringnounUS /ˈɔːltərɪŋ/

the sterilization of an animal

From this reading And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The gardens at Wrayth were famous.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

BrownnounUS /braʊn/

an orange of low brightness and saturation

From this reading They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

CapabilitynounUS /ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/

the quality of being capable -- physically or intellectually or legally

From this reading They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.

chancenounUS /tʃæns/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.

Dutch-clipped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.

eighteenthadjectiveUS /eɪˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the seventeenth in position

From this reading They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.

endlessadjectiveUS /ˈendləs/

tiresomely long; seemingly without end

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.

escapedadjectiveUS /ɪˈskeɪpt/

having escaped, especially from confinement

From this reading They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.

famousadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪməs/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading The gardens at Wrayth were famous.

fanciesnounUS /ˈfænsiz/

plural of “fancy” — something many people believe that is false

From this reading And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.

gardensnounUS /ˈɡɑːrdənz/

plural of “garden” — a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading The gardens at Wrayth were famous.

generationsnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “generation” — all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.

intactadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtækt/

constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged

From this reading Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

lovingadjectiveUS /ˈlʌvɪŋ/

feeling or showing love and affection

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

mistressesnounUS /ˈmɪstrəsəz/

plural of “mistress” — an adulterous woman; a woman who has an ongoing extramarital sexual relationship with a man

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

monumentnounUS /ˈmɑːnjuːmənt/

a structure erected to commemorate persons or events

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

ownersnounUS /ˈoʊnərz/

plural of “owner” — (law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.

parterrenoun

an ornamental flower garden; beds and paths are arranged to form a pattern

From this reading Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

predecessornounUS /ˈpredəsesər/

one who precedes you in time (as in holding a position or office)

From this reading And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.

pullingnounUS /ˈpʊlɪŋ/

the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you

From this reading And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.

rose-garden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.

skillnounUS /skɪl/

an ability that has been acquired by training

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.

successiveadjectiveUS /səkˈsesɪv/

in regular succession without gaps

From this reading And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.

tasteverbUS /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The gardens at Wrayth were famous.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had also in the eighteenth century by some happy chance escaped the hand of Capability Brown.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.

trainedadjectiveUS /treɪnd/

shaped or conditioned or disciplined by training; often used as a combining form

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading And instead of pulling about and altering the taste of the predecessor the successive owners had used fresh ground for their fancies.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The gardens at Wrayth were famous.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The natural beauty of their position and the endless care of generations of loving mistresses had left them a monument of what nature can be trained into by human skill.

William-and-Mary's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.

Wrayth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The gardens at Wrayth were famous.

yews

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus the English rose-garden and the Dutch-clipped yews of William-and-Mary's time were as intact as the Italian parterre.

Chapter 34 of The Reason Why by Elinor Glyn holds 132 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 34 of The Reason Why contain?

Chapter 34 holds 132 sentences of The Reason Why, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 34 of The Reason Why by Elinor Glyn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 132 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 34 of The Reason Why?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 34 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 34 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Reason Why

Common questions about reading The Reason Why by Elinor Glyn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Reason Why?

Yes. All 5546 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12450 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Reason Why is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12450, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Reason Why take to read?

About 462 minutes of reading across 1110 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Reason Why section by section

How to work through The Reason Why section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Reason Why to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Reason Why

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Reason Why, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Financier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reason Why; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Paused
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reason Why; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Restless
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reason Why; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pacing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reason Why; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.